Skip to main content

Intellectual property rights and traditional knowledge: proposals for action

  • Conference paper
  • 200 Accesses

Abstract

The two notions of intellectual property and traditional knowledge stand for different worlds, different outlooks on life, and — of importance within our context — for different methods of innovation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, adopted Elec. 15, 1993 (TRIPS Agreement), reprinted in 33 i.L.M. 1197 (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  • Andean Community, Decision 406 as approved by the Commission on 25 June 1997 on the Codification of the Andean Subregional Integration Agreement (Cartagena Agreement); http://www.comunidadandina.org/ english/andean/ande_trie I.htm.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Andean Community, Decision 391 as approved by the Commission on 2 July 1996 on the Common Regime on Access to Genetic Resources. (http://www.comunidadandina.orWenglish/Dec/d391e.htm)

    Google Scholar 

  • Biber-Klemm S (2000a) Biotechnology and traditional knowledge — legal means to balance the equities. In: International Journal of Biotechnology 2(11213) 85–102

    Google Scholar 

  • Biber-Klemm S (2000a) Biotechnology and traditional knowledge — legal means to balance the equities. In: International Journal of Biotechnology 2(11213) 85–102

    Google Scholar 

  • Biber-Klemm S (2000c) The management of genetic diversity in agroecosystems: The role and function of law to conserve genetic diversity and to support its community based management. In: IMM Engels, Ramanatha Rao V, Brown AHD, Jackson MT (eds.): Managing Plant Genetic Diversity. Oxon, New York, CARI Publishing

    Google Scholar 

  • Blakeney M (1999) What is traditional Knowledge? Why should it be protected? Who should protect it? For whom? Understanding the value chain. In: World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) Roundtable on intellectual Property and Traditional Knowledge, WIPOIIPTKIRTI9913

    Google Scholar 

  • Bragdon SH, Dowries DR (1998) Recent policy trends and developments related to the conservation, use and development of genetic resources. IPGRI: In: J Engels (ed.), Issues in Genetic Resources Na. 7

    Google Scholar 

  • Brush SB (1994) Providing Farmers’ Rights through in-situ conservation of crop genetic resources. 44 P. Commission on Plant Genetic Resources, First Extraordinary Session, Rome I994. Background Study Paper No. 3

    Google Scholar 

  • Connor S. (2000) African Root could be Cure for Athlete’s Foot_ The Independent, London, February 21 Convention on Biological Diversity, adopted June 5, 1992 (Biodiversity Convention, CBD), reprinted in 31 1.L.M. 818 (1992)

    Google Scholar 

  • Convention on Biological Diversity (2000) Conference of the Parties. Access to Genetic Resources: Draft Guidelines on Access and Benefit-Sharing regarding the Utilization of Genetic Resources (UNEPICBD/COP151INF121, 3 April 2000 )

    Google Scholar 

  • Cottier T (1998) The Protection of Genetic resources and Traditional Knowledge: Towards more Specific Rights and Obligations. Journal of International Economic Law 555–584

    Google Scholar 

  • Correa CM (1999) Access to plant genetic resources and intellectual property rights. Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, Background Paper No. 8

    Google Scholar 

  • De Miranda SM, Lewontin RC (1997) Genetics, plant breeding and patents: conceptual contradictions and practical problems in protecting biological innovations. Plant Genetic Resources Newsletter 112: 1–8

    Google Scholar 

  • Drahos P (1999) Biotechnology, Patents, Markets and Morality. European Intellectual Property Review. 2l (9): 441–449

    Google Scholar 

  • Duffield G (2000) Intellectual Property Rights, Trade and Biodiversity, IUCN, Earthscan, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Girsberger MA (1999) Biodiversity and the Concept of Farmers’ Rights in International Law: Factual Background and Legal Analysis. Bern, Berlin etc., Peter Lang

    Google Scholar 

  • Glowka I_ (1998) A Guide to Designing Legal Frameworks to Determine Access to Genetic Resources. in: IUCN (Ed): Environmental Policy and Law Paper No. 34

    Google Scholar 

  • Grajal A (1999) Biodiversity and the Nation State: Regulating Access to Genetic Resources Limits Biodiversity research in Developing Countries. Conservation Biology 13 (1): 6–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • International Convention, for the Protection of new Varieties of Plants of Dec. 2, 1961, as revised at Geneva on 10 Nov. 1972 (UPOV Convention 1961), reprinted in UPOV Publication No. 295 and in The International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants.www.upov.orglenglconvnmsll96llcontent.htm (15 May 2000)

    Google Scholar 

  • International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants of Dec. 2, 1961, as revised at Geneva on 10 Nov. 1972, on 23 Oct. 1978, and on 19 Mar. 1991 (UPOV Convention 1991), reprinted in UPOV Publication No 221 (E) and in The International Union for the Protection of new Varieties of Plants.www.upob.org/eng/convntns/1991/content.htm. (15 May 2000)

    Google Scholar 

  • International Undertaking on Plant Genetic Resources, adopted at the 22°, Session of the FAO Conference as FAO Conference Resolution 8/83 on 23 Nov. 1983 (International Undertaking, 1U), reprinted in International Undertaking on Plant Genetic Resources 1, FAO Doc. CPGR-ExI1941Inf.l (Sept 1994)

    Google Scholar 

  • international Undertaking on Plant Genetic Resources, Annex 1, entitled “Agreed Interpretation of the International Undertaking” adopted as FAO Conference Resolution 4/89 at the 25th session of the FAO Conference on 29 Nov. 1989 (Annex I), reprinted in International Undertaking on Plant Genetic Resources 7, FAO Doc. CPGREx119411nf. 1 (Sept 1994)

    Google Scholar 

  • International Undertaking on Plant Genetic Resources, Annex II, entitled “Farmers’ Rights”, adopted as FAO Conference Resolution 5/89 at the 25`h Session of the FAO Conference on 29 Nov. 1989 (Annex 11), reprinted in International Undertaking on Plant Genetic resources 9, FAO Doc. CPGR-Ex1/9411nf. I (Sept 1994)

    Google Scholar 

  • Peru: Propuesta de Regimen de Proteccion de los Conocimientos Colectivos de los Pueblos Indigenas (on file with author)

    Google Scholar 

  • Peru: Propuesta de Reglamento sobre acceso a los Recursos Geneticos (on file with author).

    Google Scholar 

  • Price 5 (1999) Public and private plant breeding. Nature Biotechnology l7: 938

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Reichmann JH (1998) Solving the Green Tulip Problem: Packaging Rights in Subpatentable Innovation, Draft June 18 (on file with author)

    Google Scholar 

  • Rural Advancement Foundation International (RAFT) (1998) Plant Breeders Wrongs. (www.raft.org., 29 May 2000)

    Google Scholar 

  • Rural Advancement Foundation International (RAFI) (1999) Biopiracy in Chiapas, Mexico. Denounced by Mayan Indigenous Groups. (www.rafi.org/news; News Release, 1 December 1999)

    Google Scholar 

  • Rural Advancement Foundation International (RAFT) (2000a) Biopiracy — RAFI:s Sixth Annual Update. RAFI Communiqué, Issue 65

    Google Scholar 

  • Rural Advancement Foundation International (RAFT) (2000b). Mexican Bean Biopiracy. US-Mexico Legal Battle Erupts over Patented “Errata” Bean. http://www.rafi.org, 17 January 2000

    Google Scholar 

  • Shiva V (1999) Neem. A case study of intellectual property rights and traditional knowledge. Council of Europe (ed.): International Conference on Ethical Issues arising from the Application of Biotechnology. Oviedo, Spain. Doc. SPK/O7/PROV/SUM/E

    Google Scholar 

  • Swaminathan MS (1997) Ethics and equity in the collection and use of plant genetic resources: Some issues and approaches. In: International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (ed): Ethics and equity in conservation and use of genetic resources for sustainable food security. Proceedings of a workshop to develop guidelines For the CGIAR, Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil I997, 7–18

    Google Scholar 

  • Swanson T, Gdschl T (2000) Property rights issues involving plant genetic resources: implications of ownership For economic efficiency. Ecological Economics 32: 75–92

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Swanson T (1995) The appropriation of evolution’s values: an institutional analysis of intellectual property regimes and biodiversity conservation. Swanson T. (Ed.) Intellectual Property Rights and Biodiversity Conservation: an Interdisciplinary Analysis of the Values of Medicinal Plants. Cambridge University Press. 141- l75

    Google Scholar 

  • Swiss Agency for Agriculture (1999) Bericht zum Stand der Verhandlungen der FAO im Bereich pflanzengenetischer Ressourcen fur Ernährung and Landwirtschaft (on file with author)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ten Kate K, Laird S (1999) The Commercial Use of Biadiversrty: Access to Genetic Resources and Benefit Sharing. London, Earthscan

    Google Scholar 

  • Thurow LC (1997) Needed: A New System of intellectual Property Rights. Harvard Business Review. 95–103 Villamea L. Pinto M (2000) Biopiracy: Indians want patent. Chiefs prepare international Law suit against scientist who registered indigenous knowledge. Grain, B1O-IPR docserver, 19 January 2000

    Google Scholar 

  • World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) (1999) Roundtable on Intellectual Property and Traditional Knowledge. In: M. Blakeney (ed.) What is traditional Knowledge? Why should it he protected? Who should protect its For whom? Understanding the value chain. WIPOIIPTKIRT19913

    Google Scholar 

  • World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) (1999b) Protection of Traditional Knowledge: A Global Intellectual Property Issue. Document prepared by the International Bureau. WIPO/IPTKIRT/99/2

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2003 Springer Basel AG

About this paper

Cite this paper

Biber-Klemm, S. (2003). Intellectual property rights and traditional knowledge: proposals for action. In: Ammann, K., Jacot, Y., Braun, R. (eds) Methods for Risk Assessment of Transgenic Plants. Birkhäuser, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8033-6_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8033-6_8

  • Publisher Name: Birkhäuser, Basel

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-0348-9413-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-0348-8033-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics