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Heat shock protein-mediated activation of innate immune cells

  • Chapter
Book cover Heat Shock Proteins and Inflammation

Part of the book series: Progress in Inflammation Research ((PIR))

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Abstract

Cells of the innate immune system are equipped with germline encoded receptors allowing the recognition of structurally-conserved pathogen-associated microbial patterns (PAMP). A subgroup of those receptors are members of a recently defined family of proteins called the Toll-like receptors (TLR). The prototypic and name defining gene “Toll” was cloned in Drosophila melanogaster and was found to be not only responsible for dorso-ventral patterning of the developing larvae but also to play a central role in the defense against fungal and gram-positive infections. It soon became clear that mammals adopted this defense system, since at least ten different functional Toll-like receptors have been discovered in the genome of humans and nine in mice. These receptors are involved in the recognition of PAMPs like endotoxin, peptidoglycan, bacterial DNA, double-stranded RNA, flagellin, lipopeptides, etc. Remarkably, individual receptors are specialized to recognize certain PAMPs, e.g., TLR4 senses endotoxin and TLR9 bacterial DNA. Until recently the TLR system was thought to have evolved for the recognition of conserved and vital foreign structures of various micro-organisms, i.e., structures not present in the host. However, this principle was challenged by the discovery that HSPs of bacterial and mammalian origin were also able to stimulate innate immune cells via the TLR-system. Mammalian and bacterial HSPs share a high degree of homology, probably to maintain their essential function in mammalian and bacterial cells, i.e., the proper folding of a variety of proteins.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, Trogerstr. 9, Munich, 81675, Germany

    Clarissa U. I. Prazeres da Costa, Hermann Wagner & Thomas C. Miethke

Authors
  1. Clarissa U. I. Prazeres da Costa
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  2. Hermann Wagner
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  3. Thomas C. Miethke
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Immunology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht, Yalelaan 1, Utrecht, 3584CL, The Netherlands

    Willem van Eden

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© 2003 Springer Basel AG

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da Costa, C.U.I.P., Wagner, H., Miethke, T.C. (2003). Heat shock protein-mediated activation of innate immune cells. In: van Eden, W. (eds) Heat Shock Proteins and Inflammation. Progress in Inflammation Research. Birkhäuser, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8028-2_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8028-2_4

  • Publisher Name: Birkhäuser, Basel

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-0348-9410-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-0348-8028-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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