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Tocopherols, Carotenoids and The Glutathione System

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Lipid-Soluble Antioxidants: Biochemistry and Clinical Applications

Part of the book series: Molecular and Cell Biology Updates ((MCBU))

Summary

Reactive oxygen species occur in tissues and can damage DNA, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. These potentially deleterious reactions are controlled by a system of enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants which eliminate pro-oxidants and scavenge free radicals. Tocopherols are the most abundant and efficient scavengers of hydroxyl radicals in biological membranes. Water-soluble antioxidants include ascorbate and cellular thiols. The ability of lipid-soluble carotenoids to quench singlet molecular oxygen may explain anticancer properties of the carotenoids, independent of their provitamin A activity. Glutathione is an important substrate for enzymatic antioxidant functions and is capable of nonenzymatic radical scavenging. Thiols associated with membrane proteins may also be important to the antioxidant system. Interactions between the thiols, tocopherols, and other compounds enhance the effectiveness of cellular antioxidative defense.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut fur Physiologische Chemie I, Universitat Dusseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, W-4000, Dusseldorf, Germany

    Helmut Sies, Michael E. Murphy, Paolo Di Mascio & Wilhelm Stahl

Authors
  1. Helmut Sies
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  2. Michael E. Murphy
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  3. Paolo Di Mascio
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  4. Wilhelm Stahl
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Malaysian Palm Oil Promotion Council, Bangunan Getah Asli 148 Jalan Ampang, 50450, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    A. S. H. Ong

  2. Dept. of Molecular and Cell Biology 251 Life Science Addition, Membrane Bioenergetics Group, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA

    L. Packer

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© 1992 Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel/Switzerland

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Sies, H., Murphy, M.E., Di Mascio, P., Stahl, W. (1992). Tocopherols, Carotenoids and The Glutathione System. In: Ong, A.S.H., Packer, L. (eds) Lipid-Soluble Antioxidants: Biochemistry and Clinical Applications. Molecular and Cell Biology Updates. Birkhäuser Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7432-8_14

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7432-8_14

  • Publisher Name: Birkhäuser Basel

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-0348-7434-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-0348-7432-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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