Summary
Bacterial D-amino acid transaminase catalyzes the synthesis of D-glutamate and D-alanine for the bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan. The enzyme is likely present in all bacteria but is absent in mammalian cells. The mechanism of action of several enzyme-activated inhibitors (suicide substrates) of bacterial D-amino acid transaminase is reviewed with the objective of defining an inhibitor that might be a useful antimicrobial agent. Site-directed mutagenesis is being used to elucidate the mechanism of action of the enzyme.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Bhatia, M.B., Futaki, S., Ueno, H., Ringe, D., Yoshimura, T., Soda, K., and Manning, J.M. (1993) Kinetic and Stereochemical Comparison of Wild-type and Active-Site K145Q Mutant Enzyme of Bacterial D-Amino Acid Transaminase. J. Biol. Chem. 268: 6932–6938.
Churchich, J.E. (1967) The interaction of cycloserine with glutamate aspartate transaminase as measured by fluorescence spectroscopy. J. Biol. Chem. 242: 4414–4417.
Futaki, S., Ueno, H., Martinez del Pozo, A., Pospischil, M.A., Manning, J.M., Ringe, D., Stoddard, B., Tanizawa, K., Yoshimura, T. and Soda, K. (1990) Substitution of Glutamine for Lysine at the Pyridoxal Phosphate Binding Site of Bacterial D-Amino Acid Transaminse. J. Biol. Chem. 265: 22306–22312.
Jones, W.M., Ringe, D., Soda, K., and Manning, J.M. (1994) Determination of Free D-amino Acids with a Bacterial Transaminase: Their Depletion Leads to Inhibition of Growth. Anal. Biochem. 218: 204–209.
Lambert, M.P. and Neuhaus, F.C. (1972) Mechanism of D-Cycloserine Action: Alanine racemase from Escherichia coli W. J. Bacteriol. 110: 978.
Maas, W.K. and Davis, B.D. (1950) Pantothenate Studies: I. Interference by D-serine and L- aspartic acid with pantothenate synthesis in Escherichia coli. J. Bacteriol. 60: 733.
Manning, J.M., Merrifield, N.E., Jones, W.M., and Gotschlich, E.C. (1974) Inhibition of bacterial growth by β-chloro-D-alanine. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 71: 417–421.
Martinez del Pozo, A., Merola, M., Ueno, H., Manning, J.M., Tanizawa, K., Nishimura, K., Asano, S., Tanaka, H., Soda, K., Ringe, D. and Petsko, G.A. (1989) Activity and Spectroscopic Properties of Bacterial D-Amino Acid Transaminase after Multiple Site-Directed Mutagenesis of a Single Tryptophan Residue. Biochemistry 28: 510–516.
Martinez del Pozo, A., Merola, M., Ueno, H., Manning, J.M., Tanizawa, K., Nishimura, K., Soda, K. and Ringe, D. (1989) Stereospecificity of Reactions Catalyzed by Bacterial D-Amino Acid Transaminase. J. Biol. Chem. 264: 17784.
Martinez del Pozo, A., Pospischil, M., Ueno, H., Manning, J.M., Tanizawa, K., Nishimura, K., Soda, K., Ringe, D., Stoddard, B. and Petsko, G.A. (1989) Effects of D-Serine on Bacterial D-Amino Acid Transaminase: Accumulation of an Intermediate and Inactivation of the Enzyme. Biochemistry 28: 8798–8803.
Martinez del Pozo, A., Ueno, H., Merola, M., Danzin, C. and Manning, J.M. (1989) Acetylenic-γ-aminobutyrate as an enzyme-activated inhibition of D-amino acid transaminase. Biochimie 71: 505–508.
Martinez-Carrion, M. and Jenkins, W.T. (1965) D-Alanine-D-glutamate transaminase. J. Biol. Chem. 240: 3538–3546.
Martinez-Carrion, M., Slebe, J.C. and Gonzalez, M. (1979) Sterepcje,ostru pf holoaspartate transaminase after modification of the active site Lys-258. J. Biol. Chem. 254: 3160–3162.
Merola, M., Martinez del Pozo, A., Ueno, H., Recsei, P., Di Donato, A., Manning, J.M., Tanizawa, K., Masu, Y., Asano, S., Tanaka, H., Soda, K., Ringe, D. and Petsko, G.A. (1989) Site-Directed Mutagenesis of the Cysteinyl Residues and the Active-Site Serine Residue of Bacterial D-Amino Acid Transaminse. Biochemistry 28: 505–509.
Paskihina, T.S. (1964) Vopr. Med. Khim. 10: 526.
Roberts, W.J., Hubert, E., Iriarte, A., and Martinez-Carrion, M. (1988) Site-specific methylation of a strategic lysyl residue in aspartate aminotransferase. J. Biol. Chem. 263: 7196–7202.
Soper, T.S. and Manning, J.M. (1976) Synergy in the antimicrobial action of penicillin and β-chloro-D-alanine in vitro. Antimicrob. Agents Chemotherap. 9: 347–349.
Soper, T.S. and Manning, J.M. (1981) Different modes of action of inhibitors of bacterial D-amino acid transaminase. J. Biol. Chem. 256: 4263–4268.
Soper, T.S. and Manning, J.M. (1982) Inactivation of pyridoxal phosphate enzymes by gabaculine. Correlation with enzymic exchange of β-protons. J. Biol. Chem. 257: 13930–13936.
Soper, T.S., Jones, W.M. and Manning, J.M. (1979) Effects of substrates on the selective modification of the cysteinyl residues of D-amino acid transaminase. J. Biol. Chem. 254: 10901–10905.
Soper, T.S., Jones, W.M., Lerner, B., Trop, M., and Manning, J.M. (1977) Inactivation of bacterial D-amino acid transaminase by ß-chloro-D-alanine. J. Biol. Chem. 252: 3170–3175.
Tanizawa, K., Masu, Y., Asano, S., Tanaka, H., and Soda, K. (1989) Thermostable D-amino acid aminotransferase from a Thermophilic Bacillus species. J. Biol. Chem. 264: 2445–2449.
Ueno, H., Soper, T.S. and Manning, J.M. (1984) Enzyme-activated inhibition of bacterial D-amino acid transaminase by β-cyano-D-alanine. Biochim. Biophys. Res. Commun. 122: 485–491.
Wang, E. and Walsh, C.T. (1978) Suicide substrates for the alanine racemase of Escherichia coli B. Biochemistry 17: 1313–1321.
Yoshimura, T., Bhatia, M.B., and Manning, J.M. (1992) Partial Reactions of Bacterial D-Amino Acid Transaminase with Asparagine Substituted for the Lysine that Binds Coenzyme Pyridoxal 5’-Phosphate. Biochemistry 31: 11748–11754.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1994 Birkhäuser Verlag Basel/Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Manning, J.M. (1994). Studies on the mechanism of action of D-amino acid transaminase. In: Marino, G., Sannia, G., Bossa, F. (eds) Biochemistry of Vitamin B6 and PQQ. Advances in Life Sciences. Birkhäuser Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7393-2_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7393-2_11
Publisher Name: Birkhäuser Basel
Print ISBN: 978-3-0348-7395-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-0348-7393-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive