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Progress in Drug Research / Fortschritte der Arzneimittelforschung / Progrès des recherches pharmaceutiques pp 159–184Cite as

Birkhäuser

Non-steroidal menses-regulating agents: The present status

  • Chapter

Abstract

The desire to dissociate pregnancy from the act of coitus has led to the development of various contraceptive techniques. With the exception of condoms, contraceptive methods are mainly concerned with females. The reason is not because they are directly affected by unwanted pregnancies but because our present knowledge of the female reproductive system offers ways of interfering with the female cycle at more than one stage. Two distinct methods of fertility control have received acceptance: the intra-uterine device (IUD) and the steroidal pill. The use of IUD has been described as a “contraception divorced from coitus” [1]; oral contraception entails the intake of more than 250 tablets per female per year. Fertility control involves healthy subjects; however, the use of chemical agents for almost all the days of the female cycle is bound to cause physiological insults. In order to achieve the highest degree of user safety, stringent requirements for oral contraceptives have been described [2]. For example, an oral contraceptive should:

  1. (i)

    express an absolute specificity of action preferably by intercepting a discrete mechanism

  2. (ii)

    cause a predictably low level of menstrual bleeding and possess a potential for regulating the timing of onset

  3. (iii)

    possess 100% efficacy with a potential to be used at any time in the cycle

  4. (iv)

    be devoid of life-threatening side effects

  5. (v)

    be appropriate for use over many years, and at any stage from menarche to menopause

  6. (vi)

    be reversible without resorting to any therapeutic measures

  7. (vii)

    not compromise with the reproductive potential of the user

  8. (viii)

    maintain the endogenous levels of sex steroids within the safe and prophylactic window

  9. (ix)

    be able to contribute to potential health care with respect to reproductive oncology, menstrual days, function, osteoporosis, well being and longevity.

CDRI Communication No. 5340.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, India

    P. K. Mehrotra

  2. Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, 226001, India

    Sanjay Batra & A. P. Bhaduri

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  1. P. K. Mehrotra
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  2. Sanjay Batra
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  3. A. P. Bhaduri
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  1. Steinweg 28, CH-4107, Ettingen, Switzerland

    Ernst Jucker

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Mehrotra, P.K., Batra, S., Bhaduri, A.P. (1995). Non-steroidal menses-regulating agents: The present status. In: Jucker, E. (eds) Progress in Drug Research / Fortschritte der Arzneimittelforschung / Progrès des recherches pharmaceutiques. Progress in Drug Research / Fortschritte der Arzneimittelforschung / Progrès des recherches pharmaceutiques, vol 44. Birkhäuser, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7161-7_5

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