Zusammenfassung
Pharmakon ist die allgemeine Bezeichnung für eine chemisch einheitliche Substanz, eine Droge oder ein Mineral, die ein Arzneimittel sind, d. h. zur Verhütung, Beseitigung, Linderung oder Erkennung krankhafter oder störender Erscheinungen an Mensch und Tier, im weiteren Sinne auch an der Pflanze bestimmt sind2). Ist das Pharmakon ein chemisch einheitlicher wohldefinierter Stoff, so spricht man von Wirk- oder Arzneistoff,. oft auch von Wirk- und Arzneisubstanz.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Literaturverzeichnis
S. H. Waxler und J. A. Schack, Administration of Aminophylline (Theophylline Ethylenediamine), J. Am. med. Ass. 143, 376 (1950).
J. G. Wagner, Biopharmaceutics; Absorption Aspects, J. pharm. Sci. 50, 359 (1961).
G. Levy und E. Nelson, Pharmaceutical Formulation and Therapeutic Efficacy, J. Am. med. Ass. 177, 609 (1961).
G. Levy und E. Nelson, United States Pharmacopeia and National Formulary Standards and Drug Administration Regulations, and the Quality of Drugs, N. Y. St. J. Med. 61, 4003 (1961).
D. G. Friend, Pharmaceutic Preparation and Clinical Efficacy of Drugs, Clin. Pharmac. Ther. 3, 417 (1962).
E. Nelson, Physicochemical and Pharmaceutical Properties of Drugs that Influence the Results of Clinical Trials, Clin. Pharmac. Ther. 3, 673 (1962).
G. Levy, Biopharmaceutical Considerations in Dosage Form Design and Evaluation, in: J. B. Sprowls, Prescription Pharmacy, Dosage Formulation and Pharmaceutical Adjuncts (Lipincott Company, Philadelphia and Montreal 1963), p. 31 f.
J. G. Wagner, Biopharmaceutics: Gastrointestinal Absorption Aspects, in: Antibiotica Chemother., Vol. 12, p. 53, ( S. Karger, Basel/New York 1964 ).
P. Finholt, Beeinflussung der Resorption durch die Arzneiform, Pharm. Ztg 109, 616 (1964).
Anonym, 24 Reasons Why Rx Bound Names Are Important to You, National Pharmaceutical Council Inc., New York City 1957.
Anonym, Misconceptions About So-Cailed Generic Equivalent Drugs, National Pharmaceutical Council Inc., New York 20 (ohne Jahreszahl).
J. Cooper und L. Lachman, The Stability Testing of Pharmaceuticals, Pharm. Weekbl. Ned. 94, 457 (1959).
S. A. Schou und J. Morch, Stability of Pharmaceutical Preparations, Arch. Pharm. Chemi 66, 231, 287, 371, 423, 503 (1959).
G. Guillot, Altérations d’origine physique des médicaments, Pharm. Acta Helv. 34, 373 (1959).
S. A. Schou, Decomposition of Pharmaceutical Preparations Due to Chemical Change, Pharm. Acta Helv. 34, 398 (1959).
S. A. Schou, Stability and Stabilisation of Pharmaceutical Preparations, Pharm. Acta Helv. 34, 309 (1959).
K. Münzel, Mikrobiologisch bedingte Zersetzungen von Arzneimitteln und ihre Verhütung, Pharm. Acta Helv. 34, 453 (1959).
T. D. Whittet, Decomposition of Medicaments Due to Excipients and Containers and Its Prevention, Pharm. Acta Helv. 34, 489 (1959).
E. R. Garrett, Stability Prediction in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Amer. Perfumer Arom. 74, No. 2, 23 (1959).
H. von Czetsch-Lindenwald, Klimaresistente Arzneimittel, Pharm. Ind., Berl. 22, 504 (1960).
K. Münzel, Stabilität und Stabilisierung von Arzneiformen, Dt. ApothZtg 101, 29, 78 (1961).
E. R. Garrett, Prediction of Stability of Drugs and Pharmaceutical Preparations, J. pharm. Sci. 51, 811 (1962).
W. Jones und J. J. Grimshaw, Accelerated Stability Testing of Pharmaceutical Products, Pharm. J. 191, 459 (1963).
G. T. van der Veen, Over de stabiliteit van geneesmiddelen, Pharm. Weekbl. Ned. 99, 889 (1964).
L. Lachman, Verpackung und Stabilität pharmazeutischer Produkte, Pharm. Acta Helv. 39, 529 (1964).
J. E. Tingstad, Physical Stability Testing of Pharmaceuticals, J. pharm. Sci. 53, 955 (1964).
S. Scheindlin, Chemical Interactions of the Water-Soluble Vitamins, a Review, Drug Cosmet. Ind. 83, (July), 46 (1958).
Th. J. Macek, Stability Problems with some Vitamins in Pharmaceuticals, Am. J. Pharm. 132, 433 (1960).
G. B. Stone, Vitamin Stability in Oral Multivitamin Preparations, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn.) 39, 159 (1950).
J. A. Campbell und H. A. McLeod, The Effect of Shelf Life and the Potency of Complex Multivitamin Preparations, J. Am. pharm. Ass. 44, 263 (1955).
E. Garrett, Prediction of Stability in Pharmaceutical Preparations, II. Vitamin Stability in Liquid Multivitamin Preparations, J. Am. pharm. Ass. 45, 171 (1956); III. Comparison of Vitamin Stabilities in Different Multivitamin Preparations, ibid. 45, 470 (1956).
M. Blitz, E. Eigen und E. Gunsberg, Studies Relating to the Stability of Vitamin B 12 in B-Complex Injectable Solutions, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn.) 45, 803 (1956).
H. A. McLeod, O. Pelletier und J. A. Campbell, The Prediction of Expiration Dates for Multivitamin Preparations by Accelerated Storage Tests, Can. pharm. J., Scient. Sect. 18, 55 (1958).
T. K. MurrayPelletier, O. Pelletier und J. A. Campbell, The Stability of Liquid Multivitamin Preparations During use, J. Pharm. Pharmac. 15, 192 (1963).
C. W. R Winkel, K. Kok, D. K. DeJongh und A. T. Knoppers, Plasma Concentration and Excretion of Quinine Carbonate and Ethylcarbonate in Man as Compared with Quinine Sulphate, Pakist. med. J. 6, No. 11, p. 11, November 1955.
V. C. Stephens, J. W. Conne und H. W. Murphy, Esters of Erythromycin, IV. Alkyl Sulfate Salts, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn.) 48, 620 (1959).
J. J. Connor, Chemistry and Uses of Iodophors, Am. Perfumer 75, 44 (1961).
M. Franklin, W. G. Rohse, J. Huerga und C. R. Kemp, Chelate Iron Therapy, J. Am. med. Ass. 166, 1685 (1958).
W. Forth und E. Scifen, Der Einfluß von Komplexbildnern auf die 59 Fe-Resorption am isolierten Darm der Ratte, Arch. exp. Path. Pharmak. 241, 556 (1961).
C. M. Kunin und M. Finland, Clinical Pharmacology of the Tetracycline Antibiotics, Clin. Pharmac. Ther. 2, 51 (1961).
K. W. Kohn, Mediation of Divalent Metal Ions in the Binding of Tetracyclines to Macromolecules, Nature 191, 1156 (1961).
M. R. Valinoti und S. Bolton, Complexation of Organic Acids and Bases with Their Salts in Aqueous Solution, J. pharm. Sci. 51, 201 (1962).
H. Nuppenau, Complex Formation in Pharmaceutical Preparations, with Special Reference to Inactivation Caused by Surface Active Agents, a Survey, Arch. Pharm. Chemi 67, 1033, 1091 (1960).
A. D. Marcus, Complexation Incompatibilities, Drug Cosmet. Ind. 79, 456 (1956).
J. K. Dale, Crystalline Form of Riboflavine, US Pat. 2603633 und 2797215.
W. I. Higuchi, P. K. Lau, T. Higuchi und J. W. Shell, Polymorphism and Drug Availability, Solubility Relationship in the Methylprednisolone System, J. pharm. Sci. 52, 150 (1963).
G. Levy und J. A. Procknal, Dissolution Rate Studies on Methylprednisolone Polymorphs, J. pharm. Sci. 53, 656 (1964).
B. E. Ballard und E. Nelson, Physicochemical Properties of Drugs That Control Absorption Rate After Subcutaneous Implantation, J. Pharmac. exp. Ther. 135, 120 (1962).
B. Cleverly und P. P. Williams, Polymorphism and Changes of Infrared Spectra of Barbiturates During Sample Preparation, Chem. Inds, Lond. 1959, 49 (10. Januar).
M. Brandstätter-Kuhnert, Polymorphie bei Arzneimitteln, Öst. ApothZtg 13, 297 (1959).
R. J. Mesley und C. A. Johnson, Infrared Identification of Pharmaceutically Important Steroids with Particular Reference to the Occurrence of Polymorphism, J. Pharm. Pharmac. 17, 329 (1965).
R. K. Callow und O. Kennard, Polymorphism of Cortisone Acetate, J. Pharm. Pharmac. 13, 723 (1961).
E. Smakula, A. Gori und H. W. Wotiz, Effects of Polymorphism and Influence of Sample Preparation on the Infra-Red Spectrum of Estradiol-17ß, Spectrochim. Acta 9, 346 (1957).
D. E. Wurster und P. W. Taylor JR, Dissolution Kinetics of Certain Crystalline Forms of Prednisolone, J. pharm. Sci. 54, 670 (1965).
B. E. Ballard und J. A. Biles, Effect of Crystallizing Solvent on Absorption Rates, Steroids 4, 273 (1964).
G. Levy, Biopharmaceutical Considerations in Dosage Form Design Evaluation, in: J. B. Sprowls jr, Prescription Pharmacy (J. B. Lippincott Compainy, Philadelphia/Montreal 1963 ), p. 62.
B. Cleverly und P. P. Williams, Polymorphism, and Changes of Infrared Spectra of Barbiturates During Sampling Preparation, Chem. Inds, Lond. 1959 49.
G. Roberts, AIteration of Infrared Spectra of Steroids in Potassium Bromide, Analyt. Chem. 29, 911 (1957).
G. Yamaguchi und K. Sakamoto, Effect of Dry Grinding on Gibbsite, Bull. chem. Soc. Japan 32, 1364 (1959).
J. D. Mullins und TH. J. Macek, Some Pharmaceutical Properties of Novobiocin, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn.) 49, 245 (1960).
H. Erbing und G. Vogel, Die Bedeutung physikalischer Zustandsänderungen für die enter ale Resorption schwer resorbierbarer Saponine, Arzneimittel-Forsch. 13, 467 (1963).
B. Fantus und J. M. Dyniewicz, Phenolphthalein Studies, I. Colloidal Phenolphthalein, Am. J. dig. Dis. Nutr. 2, 721 (1935).
Pharmacopeia of the United States of America XVI, p. 352.
A. A. Noyes und W. R. Whitney, The Rate of Solution of Solid Substances in Their Own Solutions, J. Am. chem. Soc. 19, 930 (1897).
A. W. Hixson und J. H. Crowell, Dependence of Reaction Velocity Upon Surface and Agitation, I. Theoretical Consideration, Ind. Engng Chem. 23, 923 (1931).
K. A. Lees, Fine Particles in Pharmaceutical Practice, Clinical and Pharmaceutical Aspects, J. Pharm. Pharmac. 15, 52 T (1963).
W. I. Higuchi und E. N. Hiestand, Dissolution Rates of Finely Divided Drug Powders, I. Effect of a Distribution of Particle Sizes in a Diffusion Controlled Process, J. pharm. Sci. 52, 67 (1963).
W. I. Higuchi, E. L. Rowe und E. N. Hiestand, Dissolution Rates of Finely Divided Drug Powders, II. Micronized Methylprednisolone, J. pharm. Sci. 52, 162 (1863).
D. E. Wurster und P. W. Taylor, Dissolution Rates, J. pharm. Sci. 54, 169 (1965).
G. Levy, Effect of Particle Size on Dissolution and Gastrointestinal Absorption Rates of Pharmaceuticals, Am. J. Pharm. 135, 78 (1963).
I. C. Edmundson und K. A. Lees, A Method for Determining the Solution Rate of Fine Particles, J. Pharm. Pharmac. 17, 193 (1965).
J. A. Gorringe und E. M. Sproston, The Influence of Particle Size Upon the Absorption of Drugs from the Gastrointestinal Tract, in: T. B. Binns, Absorption and Distribution of Drugs (E. and S. Livingstone Ltd., Edinburgh amp; London 1964), p. 128 f.
R. B. Wild, On the Action and Uses of Sulphur and Certain of Its Compounds as Intestinal Antiseptics, Proc. R. Soc. Med. 4, 13 (1911).
W. Denis und L. Reed, Concerning the Effect Produced by the Administration of Sulfur on the Concentration of Certain Sulfur Compounds in Blood and Urine, J. biol, Chem. 73, 51 (1927).
L. C. Maillard, Action du soufre colloïdal sur le métabolisme sulfuré. Contribution à l’étude de la sulfoconjugaison, C.r. Acad. Sci., Paris 152, 1583 (1911).
H. Greengard und J. R. Woolley, Studies on Colloidal Sulfur-Poly sulfide Mixture, Absorption and Oxidation After Oral Administration, J. biol. Chem. 132, 83 (1940).
J. G. Reinhold, F. J. Phillips und H. Flippin, Comparison of the Behavior of Microcrystalline Sulfadiazine with that of Ordinary Sulfadiazine in Man, Am. J. med. Sci. 210, 141 (1945).
E. M. Boyd und R. W. Dingwall, The Absorption and Elimination of Sulfadiazine Administered as Tablets, as Ground (Micronized) Powder and as Microcrystals, Am. J. med. Sci. 213, 549 (1947).
T. Sakuma, C. W. Daescher und E. M. Yow, Studies on the Absorption, Distribution, Excretion and Use of a New Long-Acting Sulfonamide (Sulfadimethoxine) in Children and in Adults, Am. J. med. Sci. 239, 92 (1960).
K. Kakemi, T. Arita und T. Koizumi, Absorption and Excretion of Drugs, II. Relation of Particle Size to Blood Concentration Following Oral Administration of Nx-(5-Ethyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)sulfanilamide, J. pharm. Soc. Japan 82, 261 (1962)
J. H. Fincher, J. G. Adams und H. M. Beal, Effect of Particle Size on Gastro¬intestinal Absorption of Sulfisoxazol in Dogs, J. pharm. Sci. 54, 704 (1965).
R. M. Atkinson, C. Bedford, K. J. Child und E. G. Tomich, Effect of Particle Size on Blood Griseofulvin Levels in Man, Nature 193, 588 (1962).
R. M. Atkinson, C. Bedford, K. J. Child und E. G. Tomich, The Effect of Griseofulvin Particle Size on Blood Levels in Man, Antibiotics. Chemother. 12, 232 (1962).
W. A. M. Dincan, G. Macdonald und M. J. Thomton, Some Factors Influencing the Absorption of Griseofulvin from the Gastrointestinal Tract, J. Pharm. Pharmac. 14, 217 (1962).
M. Kraml, J. Dubuc und R. Gaudry, Gastrointestinal Absorption of Griseofulvin, II. Influence of Particle Size in Man, Antibiotics. Chemother. 12, 239 (1962).
H. Gartmann, Erste Erfahrungen mit Griseofulvin Fine Particle bei der Behandlung von Hautmykosen, Münch, med. Wschr. 105, 730 (1963).
M. Kraml, J. Dubuc und D. Beall, Gastrointestinal Absorption of Griseofulvin, I. Effect of Particle Size, Addition of Surfactants and Corn Oil on the Level of Griseofulvin in the Serum of Rats, Can. J. Biochem. Physiol. 40, 1449 (1962).
R. G. Crounse, Effective Use of Griseofulvin, Archs Derm. 87, 176 (1963).
M. Kraml, J. Dubuc und D. Dvornik, Gastrointestinal Absorption of Griseofulvin, Archs Derm. 87, 179 (1963).
R. G. Crounse, Human Pharmacology of Griseofulvin: The Effect of Fat Intake on Gastrointestinal Absorption, J. invest. Derm. 37, 529 (1961).
C. K. Dressler, Fine Particle Griseofulvin in Tinea Imbricata, Dermatologica 128, 267 (1964).
J. R. Marvell, D. A. Schlichting, C. Denton, E. J. Levy und M. M. Cahn, The Effect of Surfactant and of Particle Size on Griseofulvin Plasma Levels, J. invest. Derm. 42, 197 (1964).
G. Gartmann, Erste Erfahrungen mit Griseofulvin Fine Particle bei der Behandlung von Hautmykosen, Münch, med. Wschr. 105, 730 (1963).
K. Kakemi, T. Arita und S. Ohashi, Absorption and Excretion of Chloramphenicol. Symposium on Drug Absorption, Metabolism and Excretion, Reprints of Papers, Scientific Section of American Pharmaceutical Association, Las Vegas 1962.
G. Levy, Availability of Spironolactone Given by Mouth, Lancet 1962, II, 723.
C. L. Gantt, N. Gochman und J. M. Dyniewicz, Effect of a Detergent on Gastrointestinal Absorption of a Steroid, Lancet 1961, I, 486.
C. L. Gantt, N. Gochmann und J. M. Dyniewicz, Gastrointestinal Absorption of Spironolactone, Lancet 1962, I, 1130.
G. Bauer, P. Rieckmann und W. Schaumann, Einfluß von Teilchengröße und Lösungsvermittlern auf die Resorption von Spironolacton aus dem Magen-Darmtrakt, Arzneimittel-Forsch. 12, 487 (1962).
F. Pupita, Ricerche sull’assorbimento dello spironolattone: dosaggio con metodo spettrofotofluorimetrico e confronto di due preparazioni diverse net soggetto normale, Boll. Soc. ital. Biol. sper. 38, 572 (1962).
C. M. Kagawa, D. J. Bouska und M. L. Anderson, Oral Absorption with Various preparations of Spironolactone in Dogs, J. pharm. Sci. 53, 450 (1964).
W. E. Moore, G. A. Portmann, H. Stander und E. W. McChesney, Biopharmaceutical Investigation of Nalidixic Acid in Man, J. pharm. Sci. 54, 36 (1965).
J. R. Douglas, N. F. Baker und W. M. Longhurst, The Relationship between Particle Size and Anthelmintic Efficiency of Phenothiazine, Am. J. vet. Res. 17, 318 (1956).
J. R. Douglas, N. F. Baker und W. M. Longhurst, Further Studies on the Relationship between Particle Size and Anthemintic Efficiency of Phenothiazine, Am. J. vet. Res. 20, 201 (1959).
P. A. Kingsbury, The Effect of Particle Size on the Anthelmintic Properties of Phenothiazine in Sheep, Vet. Ree. 70, 523 (1958).
P. L. Thomas und D. C. Elliot, The Use of Fine-Particle Phenothiazine Against Trichostrongylus Colubriformis in Sheep with Observations on its Use Against Other Species of Worms, N. Z. vet. J. 5, b6 (1957).
H. McGordon, The Influence of Pavticle Size on the Anthelmintic Efficiency of Phenothiazine in Sheep, Aust. vet. J. 32, 258 (1956).
A. C. C. Newmann und A. Axon, Fine Powders and the Pharmaceutical Industry, in: Powders in Industry, Soc. ehem. Ind. Monograph No. 14 (London 1961 ), p. 293.
V. G. Foglia, J. C. Penhos und E. Montuori, Relation of Crystal Size to Estrogenic Activity of Parahydroxypropiophenone, Endocrinology 57, 559 (1955).
US Pat. 3008873, Merck amp; Co. Inc., Rahway, N.J.: Controlled Particle Size of 4,4-Dinitrocarbanilide.
E. Nelson, Influence of Dissolution Rate and Surface on Tetracycline Absorption, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn.) 48, 96 (1959).
M. H. Pindell, K. M. Cull, K. M. Doran und H. L. Dickison, Absorption and Excretion Studies on Tetracycline, J. Pharmac. exp. Ther. 125, 287 (1959).
J. M. Payne, B. F. Sanson und J. R. Garner, Uptake of Small Resin Particles (1-5 ¡i Diameter) by the Alimentary Canal of the Calf, Nature 188, 586 (1960).
L. Sasson, Entrance of Barium into Intestinal Glands During Barium Enema, J. Am. med. Ass. 173, 343 (1960).
R. P. Walton, Sublingual Administration of Drugs. J. Am. med. Ass. 124, 138 (1944).
K. Miescher und P. Gasche, Zur lingualen Applikation von männlichen Sexualhormonen. Beitrag zur Therapie mit Perandren-Linguetten, Schweiz, med. Wschr. 72,490(1942).
K. Miescher und P. Gasche, Zur lingualen Applikation von weiblichen Sexualhormonen. Beitrag zur Therapie mit Ovocyclin-Linguetten, Schweiz, med. Wschr. 72, 490 (1942).
M. H. Pindell, K. M. Cull, K. M. Doran und H. Dickison, Absorption and Excretion Studies on Tetracycline, J. Pharmac. exp. Ther. 125, 287 (1959).
T. H. Lin, J. R. Guarini, S. P. Eriksen und J. V. Swintowsky, Effect of the Site of Release on the Absorption of Trimeprazine-S 35 and Penicillin G in Dogs, J. pharm. Sci. 53, 1357 (1964).
L. S. Schanker, Absorption of Drugs from the Rat Colon, J. Pharmac. exp. Ther. 126, 1357 (1959).
W. Hennig, Die rektale Resorption von Medikamenten aus Suppositorien, in: Arzneiforschung, Probleme und Entwicklungen (Wiss. Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Stuttgart 1964 ), S. 82.
B. A. Cooper und W. B. Castle, Sequential Mechanism in the Enhanced Absorption of Vitamin B12 by Intrinsic Factor in the Rat, J. clin. Invest. 39, 199 (1960).
W. Rummel und W. Förth, Aktiver Transport und enter ale Resorption, Pharm. Ztg 109, 1053 (1964).
L. S. Schanker und J. J. Jeffrey, Active Transport of Foreign Pyrimidines Across the Intestinal Epithelium, Nature 190, 727 (1961).
H. Reinert, Die enterale Resoprtion des G-Stophantins, k-Strophanthols-y und Digitoxins bei der Katze, Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. exp. Path. Pharmak. 215, 1 (1952).
F. Lauterbach, Über die Bedeutung der Metabolisierung von Herzglykosiden in der Leber für deren toxikologisch bestimmte enterale Resorptionsquote, Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. exp. Path. Pharmak. 246, 36 (1963).
L. S. Schanker, Passage of Drugs Across Body Membranes, Pharmac. Rev. 14, 501 (1962).
J. Travell, Absorption of Nicotine from Various Sites, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 90, 13 (1960).
W. Vogt, Resorption von Pharmaka durch Diffusion, Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch, exp. Path. Pharmak. 250, 210 (1965).
T. B. Binns, Absorption and Distribution of Drugs, E. and S. Livingstone Ltd., Edinburgh/London 1964.
R. R. Levine und E. W. Pelikan, The Influence of Experimental Procedures and Dose on the Intestinal Absorption of an Onium Compound, Benzomethamine, J. Pharmac. exp. Ther. 131, 319 (1961).
L. S. Schanker, On the Mechanism of Absorption of Drugs from the Gastrointestinal Tract, J. mednl. pharm. Chem. 2, 343 (1960).
P. A. Shore, B. B. Brodie und C. A. Hogben, The Gastric Secretion of Drugs: a pH-Partition Hypothesis, J. Pharmacol, exp. Ther. 119, 361 (1957).
L. S. Schanker, P. A. Shore, B. B. Brodie und C. A. M. Hogben, Absorption of Drugs from the Stomach, I. The Rat, ibid. 120, 528 (1957).
L. S. Schanker, D. J. Tocco, B. B. Brodie und C. A. M. Hogben, Absorption of Drugs from the Rat Small Intestine, ibid. 123, 81 (1958).
C. A. M. Hogben, D. J. Tocco, B. B. Brodie und L. S. Schanker, On the mechanism of Intestinal Absorption of Drugs, ibid. 125, 275 (1959).
L. S. Schanker, Absorption of Drugs from the Rat Colon, ibid. 126, 283 (1959).
E. Nelson, Comparative Dissolution Rates of Weak Acids and Their Sodium Salts J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn) 47, 297 (1958).
P. E. Carlo, N. M. Cambosos, G. C. Feeney und P. K. Smith, Plasma Levels after the Oral Administration of Acetylsalicylic Acid and N-acetyl-p-aminophenol in Different Forms to Human Subjects, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn) 44, 396 (Ì955).
J. R. Leonards, The Influence of Solubility on the Rate of Gastrointestinal Absorption of Aspirin, Clin. Pharmac. Ther. 4, 476 (1963).
G. Levy und J. A. Procknal, Unusual Dissolution Behavior Due to Film Formation, J. pharm. Sci. 51, 294 (1962).
G. Levy und B. A. Sahli, Comparison of the Gastrointestinal Absorption of Aluminium Acetylsalicylate and Acetylsalicylic Acid in Man, J. pharm. Sci. 51, 58 (1962).
A. E. ViviNO, Blood Theophylline Concentration Following the Oral Administration of Theophylline Ethylenediamine and Theophylline Isopropylamine, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn) 43, 234 (1954).
E. Nelson, Solution of Theophylline Salts and Effects from Oral Administration, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn) 46, 607 (1957).
S. H. Waxler und H. B. Moy, Comparative Study of Theophylline Preparations: Digestive Absorption, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn) 49, 619 (1960).
E. K. Marshall jr., A. C. Batton und J. T. Lichtfield, The Toxicity and Absorption of oL-Sulfanilamidopyridine and Its Soluble Sodium Salt, Science 88, 557 (1938).
O. W. Barlow und D. R. Climenko, Studies on the Pharmacology of Sulfapyridine and Sulfathiazole. The Absorption of the Free Acid, the Sodium Salt and the Glycoside from the Alimentary Tract, J. Am. med. Ass. 116, 282 (1941).
Sv. E. Budolfsen, S. E. Juul Hansen und E. Rud, Oral Administration of Penicillin. A Comparative Study of Benzathine Penicillin, Procaine Penicillin and Potassium Penicillin, Acta pharm, tox. 11, 49 (1955).
W. J. Kaipainen und P. Harkonen, Serum Concentration after Oral Administration of Phenoxymethylpenicillin Acid and Phenoxymethylpenicillin Potassium, Scand. J. clin. Lab. Invest. 8, 18 (1956).
J. Colquhoun, E. C. Scorer und G. M. Wilson, Absorption of Free Acid, Potassium and Benzathine Phenoxymethylpenicillin after Oral Administration, Br. med. J. 1957, Vol. 1, 1451.
H. Juncher und F. Raaschou, The Solubility of Oral Preparations of Penicillin V, Antibiotic med. Clin. Ther. 4, 497 (1957).
C.-C. Lee, R. O. Froman, R. C. Anderson und K. K. Chen, Gastric and Intestinal Absorption of Potassium Penicillin V and the Free Acid, Antibiotics Chemother. 8, 354 (1958).
A. Kraushaar und H. Schirmer, Vergleichende Untersuchungen von Penicillin-V- Säure und Kalium-Penicillin V, Arzneimittel-Forsch. 9, 356 (1959).
Ch. Gloxhuber, Über den Mechanismus der Resorption des Penicillins nach oraler Gabe, Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. exp. Path. Pharmak. 241, 210 (1961).
E. Nelson, Physicochemical Factors Influencing the Absorption of Erythromycin and Its Esters, Chem. pharm. Bull., Tokyo 10, 1099 (1962).
V. C. Stephens, J. W. Conine und H. W. Murphy, Esters of Erythromycin, IV. Alkyl Sulfate Salts, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn) 48, 620 (1959).
R. V. Cohen, L. Molthan und J. Zarafonetis, Clinical Studies of Various Forms of PAS (with Special Reference to Plasma Concentrations), Dis. Chest 30, 1 (1956).
M.-T. Regnier und M. R. Fabre, Absorption comparée de divers sels de Vacide para- aminosalicylique administrés par voie stomachale, Annls. pharm, fr. 11, 569 (1953).
K. W. Anderson, The Oral Absorption of Quinalbarbitone and Its Sodium Salt, Archs int. Pharmacodyn. Thér. 147, 171 (1964).
S. Furesz, Blood Levels Following Oral Administration of Different Preparations of Novobiocin, Antibiotics Chemother. 8, 446 (1958).
R. Peterhoff, Choleostography with the Sodium Salt of Iopanoic Acid, Acta radiol. 46, 719 (1956).
K. H. Holmdahl und H. Lodin, Absorption of Iopanic Acid and Its Sodium Salt, Acta radiol. 51, 247 (1959).
W. E. Moore, G. A. Portmann, H. Stader und E. W. McChesney, Biopharmaceutical Investigation of Nalidixic Acid in Man, J. pharm. Sci. 54, 36 (1965).
J. G. Wagner, Biopharmaceutics: Absorption Aspects, J. pharm. Sci. 50, 375 (1961).
R. H. Unger und L. L. Madison, Comparison of Response to Intravenously Administered Sodium Tolbutamide in Mild Diabetic and Nondiabetic Subjects, J. clin. Invest. 37, 627 (1958).
K. Kakemi, T. Arita und S. Ohasi, The Absorption and Excretion of Drugs, XIII. The Effects of Metal Salts and Various Particle Sizes of Chloramphenicol on Rabbit Blood Levels, J. pharm. Soc. Japan 82, 1468 (1962).
A. J. Glazko, W. A. Dill, A. Kazenko, L. M. Wolf und H. E. Carnes, Physical Factors Affecting the Rate of Absorption of Chloramphenicol Esters, Antibiotics Chemother. 8, 516 (1958).
G. Pauletta, Attività di alcuni esteri del chloroamfenicolo, somministrati per via orale, Farmaco 7, 3 (1952).
R. Siegert und W. Vömel, Ein neuer geschmacksfreier Chloramphenicol-Ester [Chlor amphenicol-3-stearoylglykolat), Arzneimittel-Forsch. 6, 714 (1956).
L. Almirante, I. de Carneri und G. Coppi, Rapporto tra attività terapeutica e stato cristallino e amorfo della stearata del chloramfenicolo, Farmaco (ed. prat.) 15, 471 (1960).
United States Pharmacopoeia, 16th edition.
C. Tamura und H. Kuwano, Polymorphism of Long-Chain Esters of Chloramphenicol, I. On Transition, J. pharm. Soc. Japan 81, 755 (1961).
W. Morozowich, T. Chulski, W. E. Hamlin, P. M. Jones, J. L. Northam, A. Purmalis und J. G. Wagner, The Relationship Between in vitro Dissolution Rates, Solubilities and LT505 in Mice of Salts of Benzphetamine and Etryptamine, J. pharm. Sci. 51, 993 (1962).
E. G. Remmers, W. C. Barringer, G. M. Sieger und A. P. Doerschuk, Metal-Acid Complexes with Members of the Tetracycline Family, I. Introduction, J. pharm. Sci. 53, 1452 (1964).
E. G. Remmers, W. C. Barringer, G. M. Sieger und A. P. Doerschuk, Metal-Acid Complexes with Members of the Tetracycline Family, II. Development of Stable Pre- constituted Parenteral Formulations, J. pharm. Sci. 53, 1534 (1964).
E. G. Remmers, W. C. Barringer, G. M. Sieger, N. Anagnostakos, J. J. Corbett und A. P. Doerschuk, Metal-Acid Complexes with Members of the Tetracycline Family, III. Summary of Blood Level Studies, J. pharm. Sci. 54, 49 (1965).
E. Nelson, Influence of Dissolution Rate and Surface on Tetracycline Absorption, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient Edn) 48, 620 (1959).
B. Salafsky und T. A. Loomis, Intestinal Absorption of a Modified Heparin, Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. Med. 104, 62 (1960).
W. Lammers, The Relation between Pharmacological Action and Chemical Evaluation of Drugs, Pharm. Weekbl. Ned. 100, 1070 (1965).
W. Laubender und A. Schlarb, Die WirkungsSteigerung von Salicylamid durch ein die Löslichkeit begünstigendes Pyrazolon-Derivat, Arzneimittel-Forsch. 12, 479 (1962).
F. Lasch und S. Brügel, Über die Steigerung der per oralen Traubenzuckerresorption durch Saponin, Arch. exp. Path. Pharmak. 116, 7 (1926).
W. Appel, H. Schievelbein und E. Werle, Der Einfluß von Natriumlaurylsulfonat auf die Durchlässigkeit von Membranen und die Resorption avis dem Verdauungstrakt, Arzneimittel-Forsch. 7, 742 (1957).
D. Krause, Förderung und Sicherung der ènteralen Resorption von g-Strophantin durch Natriumlaurylsulfat, Arzneimittel-Forsch. 5, 428 (1955).
O. Gundersen, Penicillin-Studien auf dem Gebiete der Arznei Zubereitung, Diss. ETH (Zürich 1948 ), S. 97.
C. L. Gantt, N. Gochman und J. M. Dyniewicz, Effect of a Detergent on Gastrointestinal Absorption of a Steroid, Lancet 1961, I, 486.
W. Saski und S. G. Shah, Availability of Drugs in the Presence of Surf ace-Active Agents, I. Critical Micelle Concentrations of Some Oxy ethylene Oxypropylene Polymers, J. pharm. Sci. 54, 71 (1965).
R. W. Wissler, W. F. Bethard, P. Barker und H. D. Mori, Effects of Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monolaurate (Tween ® 20) upon Gastrointestinal Iron Absorption in Hamsters, Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. Med. 86, 170 (1954).
K. O. Kuda, E. Duran und B. F. Chow, Effects of Physicochemical State of Vitamin B12 Preparation in Digestive Tract on its Absorption, Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. Med. 103, 588 (1960).
P. M. Lish und J. H. Weikel, Influence of Surfactants on Absorption from the Colon, Toxic, appl. Pharmac. 1, 501 (1959).
G. Bornmann und M. Stanisic, Über den Einfluß waschaktiver Substanzen auf di Dickdarm-Resorption von Farbstoffen, Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. exp. Path. Pharmak. 243, 420 (1962).
K. Kakemi, T. Arita, H. Sezaki und I. Sugimozo, Studies on Sucrose Esters, III. Effect of sucrose Esters on the Absorption of Drugs from the Alimentary Tract, J. pharm. Soc. Japan 84, 1210 (1964).
S. Riegelmann und W. Crowell, The Kinetics of Rectal Absorption, III. The Absorption of TJndissociatedMolecules, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn.) 47,127(1958).
O. Foussard-Blanpin und M. J. Delmas, Etude de lGandiniinfluence d’un surf actif non ionique, l’êmulsov O, sur l’activité de l’acide acétylosalicylique administré par voie digestive, Thérapie 19, 843 (1964).
Y. C. Stephens, J. W. Conine und H. W. Murphy, Esters of Erythromycin, IV. Alkyl Sulfate Salts, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient Edn.) 48, 620 (1959).
R. M. Levine, M. R. Blair und B. B. Clark, Factors Influencing the Intestinal Absorption of Certain Monoquaternary Anticholinergic Compounds with Special Reference to Benzomethamine, J. Pharmac. exp. Ther. 114, 78 (1959).
C. J. Cavallito und T. B. O’Dell, Modification of Rates of Gastrointestinal Absorption of Drugs, II. Quaternary Ammonium Salts, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn.) 47, 169 (1958); US Pat. 2899357 (11. August 1959 ).
US Pat. 2867 565, Patented 6.1.59: Sulfonamide Composition Comprising a Lipid- Aqueous Emulsion Carrier.
S. E. Svenson, W. P. Delorenzo, R. Engelberg, M. Spooner und L. O. Randall, Absorption and Chemotherapeutic Activity of Acetyl Sulfisoxazole Suspended in an Oil-in-Water Emulsion, Antibiotic Med. 2, 148 (1956).
S. Krugman und F. Frieden, Absorption of Acetylsulfisoxazole Lipid Emulsion, J. Pediat. 50, 16 (1957).
C. M. Jones, P. J. Culver, G. D. Drummey und A. E. Ryan, Modification of Fat Absorption in the Digestive Tract by the Use of an Emulsifying Agent, Ann. intern. Med. 29, 1 (1948).
E. H. Dearborn, J. T. Litchfield jr., H. J. Eisner, J. J. Corbett und C. W. Dunnett, The Effects of Various Substances on the Absorption of Tetracycline in Rats, Antibiotic Med. clin. Ther. 4, 627 (1957).
W. M. Sweeney, St. M. Hardy, A. C. Dornbusch und J. M. Ruegsegger, Absorption of Tetracycline in Human Beings as Affected by Certain Experiments, Antibiotic Med. clin. Ther. 4, 642 (1957).
K. Reber und A. Studer, Förderung der gastrointestinalen Resorption von Heparin durch Calciumbindungsmittel, Experientia 19, 141 (1963).
E. Windsor und G. E. G.önheim, Gastrointestinal Absorption of Heparin and Synthetic Heparinoids, Nature (London) 190, 263 (1961).
L. S. Schanker und J. M. Johnson, Increased Intestinal Absorption of Foreign Organic Compounds in the Presence of Ethylenediamintetraacetic Acid (EDTA), Biochem. Pharmac. 8, 421 (1961).
aj C S. Tidball und R. I. Lipman, Enhancement of Jejunal Absorption of Heparinoid by Sodium Ethylenediaminetetraacetate in the Dog, Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.) 111, 713 (1962).
C. S. Tidball, Magnesium and Calcium as Regulators of Intestinal Permeability, Am. J. Physiol. 206, 243 (1964).
J. O’Reilly und E. Nelson, Urinary Excretion Kinetics for Evaluation of Drug Absorption, IV. Studies with Tetracycline Absorption Enhancement Factors, J. pharm. Sci. 50, 413 (1961).
M. Gib Aldi und J. L. Kanig, Effect of Glucosamine on Urinary Excretion of Salicylate, J. pharm. Sci. 54, 599 (1965).
S. V. Lieberman und J. H. Wood, Aspirin Formulation and Absorption in Rats. Influence on S erum Levels of Tablets, Antacids and Solutions, J. pharm. Sci. 53, 1492 (1964).
J. Truitt, B. Edward und A. M. Morgan, Gastrointestinal Factors in Aspirin Absorption, a Quantitative Study, J. pharm. Sci. 53, 129 (1964).
K. Sekiguchi, N. Obi und Y. Veda, Studies on Absorption of Eutectic Mixture, II. Absorption of Fused Conglomerates of Chloramphenicol and Urea in Rabbits, Chem. pharm. Bull., Tokyo 12, 134 (1964).
D. L. Sorby und E. M. Plein, Adsorption of Phenothiazine Derivatives by Kaolin, Talc and Norit, J. pharm. Sci. 50, 355 (1961).
N. Evcim und M. Barr, Adsorption of Some Alkaloids by Different Clays, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn.) 44, 570 (1955).
M. Barr und E. S. Arnista, Adsorption Studies on Clays, I. The Adsorption of Two Alkaloids by Activated Attapulgite, H alloy site and Kaolin, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn.) 46, 486 (1957).
D. L. Sorby, Effect of Adsorbens on Drug Absorption, I. Modification of Promazine Absorption by Activated Attapulgite and Activated Charcoal, J. pharm. Sci. 54, 677 (1965).
C. Heusghem und H. van Cauwenberge, Valeur thérapeutique des différentes formes médicamenteuses du sel sodique de l’acide para-aminosalicylique (P.A.S.), J. Pharm. Belg. 5, 291 (1965).
R. G. Crounse, Human Pharmacology of Griseofulvin; the Effect of Fat Intake on Gastrointestinal Absorption, J. invest. Derm. 37, 529 (1961).
J. Schleiner und W. A. Altemeier, Experimental Study of Factors Inhibiting Absorption and Effective Therapeutic Levels of Declomycin, Surgery 114, 9 (1962).
H. A. Hirsch und M. Finland, Effect of Food on the Absorption of Erythromycin Propionate, Erythromycin Stearate and Triacetyloleandomycin, Am. J. med. Sci. 237, 693 (1959).
F. Neuwald, Untersuchungen über die Stabilität von galenischen Zubereitungen in Polyäthylenbehältern, Dt. ApothZtg 105, 252 (1965).
F. Neuwald, The Absorption of Drugs by Plastics, Specialities 7, 24 (1965).
K. Sekiguchi und N. Obi, Studies on Absorption of Eutectic Mixture, I. A Comparison of the Behavior of Eutectic Mixture of Sulfathiazole and that of Ordinary Sulfa- thiazole in Man, Chem. pharm. Bull., Tokyo 9, 866 (1961).
A. H. Goldberg, M. Gibaldi und J. L. Kanig, Increasing Dissolution Rates and Gastrointestinal Absorption of Drugs via Solid Solutions and Eutectic Mixtures, I. Theoretical Considerations and Discussion of the Literature, J. pharm. Sci., 54, 1145 (1965).
Zusammengestellt z.B. bei: E. N. Hiestand, Theory of Coarse Suspension Formulation, J. pharm. Sci. 53, 1 (1964).
T. Higuchi, Some Physical Chemical Aspects of Suspension Formulation, J. Amer. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn.) 47, 657 (1958).
A. Dupont und E. Bove Christensen, On Insufficient Shaking of Medicines in Suspension (Bromisovalvergiftung mit einer Bromisovalmixtur), Ugeskr. Leeg. 112, 44 (1950).
Eine Übersicht über die in den Arzneibüchern verwendeten Methoden gibt: H. Nuppenau, Om IcBgemidlers henfald ved in vitro forsøg, Arch. Pharm. Chemi 71, 607 (1964).
G. Levy, R. H. Gumton und J. M. Rutowski, The Effect of Dosage Form upon the Gastrointestinal Absorption Rate of Salicylates, Can. med. Ass. J. 85, 414 (1961).
L. C. Schroeter, J. E. Tingstad, E. L. Knoechel und J. G. Wagner, Specificity of the Relationship between Rate of Dissolution and Disintegration Time of Compressed Tablets, J. pharm. Sci. 51, 865 (1962).
L. C. Schroeter und J. G. Wagner, Automated Dissolution Rate Studies of Capsules and Tablets, J. pharm. Sci. 51, 957 (1962).
G. Levy, Availability of Spironolactone Given by Mouth, Lancet 1962, 723 (October 6).
L. C. Schroeter und W. E. Hamlin, Modified Automated Apparatus for Determinations of Dissolution Rates of Capsules and Tablets, J. pharm. Sci. 52, 811 (1963).
A. B. Morrison und J. A. Campbell, Tablet Disintegration and Physiological Availability of Drugs, J. pharm. Sci. 54, 1 (1965).
J. K. C. Yen, The Dissolution Rate Principle in Practical Tablet Formulation, Can. pharm. J. 97, 493 (1964).
W. H. Steinberg, G. H. Frey, J. N. Masci und H. H. Hutchins, Method for Determining in vivo Tablet Disintegration, J. pharm. Sci. 54, IM (1965).
Vgl. z.B. die Übersicht von H. Kläui, Kunststoffe als Tablettenüberzüge, Schweiz. ApothZtg. 95, 153 (1957).
K. Henning, K. Heinkel und K. Elster, Untersuchungen über die sogenannte Altersgastritis, Schweiz, med. Wschr. 87, 388 (1957).
Vgl. Übersicht über magensaftresistente Lacke und Patente bei [200] und K. Münzel, Neuerungen auf dem Gebiete der pharmazeutischen Dragierung, Pharm. Acta Helv. 38, 65 (1963).
K. Sachmann, Enterosolubiledragering, Farmaceutisk Tid. 70, 960 (1960).
J. R. Leonards und G. Levy, Absorption and Metabolism of Aspirin Administered in Enteric-Coated Tablets, J. Amer. med. Ass. 193, 99 (1965).
G. Levy und L. E. Hollister, Failure of U.S.P. Disintegration Test to Assess Physiologic Availability of Enteric Coated Tablets, N. Y. St. J. Med. 64, 3002 (1964).
R. Tikkanen und D. Strandmann, Cellulose Acetate Biphthalate, CAP, as Enteric Coating Material; Absorption of Acetylsalicylic Acid from CAP-Coated Enteric Tablets, Farmaceutiskt Notisbl. 74, 59 (1965).
M. C. Sanz und A. Müller, PAS-BlutSpiegel nach oraler Einnahme verschiedener Calcium-PAS-Granulate, Schweiz, med. Wschr. 82, 1334 (1952).
O. Christensen und J. Schaldemose, The Resorption of Par a-Amino salicylic Acid Preparations, Farmaceutik Revy 57, 189 (1958).
C. E. Tarnowski, The Absorption of Shellac-Coated PAS Granules with Special Reference to the Age of the Preparations, Acta tuberc. scand. 34, 76 (1957).
A. B. Morrison und J. A. Campbell, Physiologic Availability of Riboflavine and Thiamine in Chewable Vitamin Products, Amer. J. clin: Nutr. 10, 212 (1962).
H. E. Klie, Die Bedeutung der Teilchengröße in der Arzneitherapie, Dt. ApothZtg 104, 950 (1964).
R. M. Atkinson, C. Bedford, K. J. Child und E. G. Tomich, The Effect of Griseo- fulvin Particle Size on Blood Levels in Man, Antibiotics Chemother. 12, 232 (1962).
G. Bauer, P. Rieckmann und W. Schaumann, Einfluß von Teilchengröße und Lösungsvermittlern auf die Resorption von Spironolacton aus dem Magendarmtrakt, Arzneimittel-Forsch. 12, 487 (1962).
G. Levy, Effect of Certain Tablet Formulation Factors on Dissolution Rate of the Active Ingredient, I. Importance of Using Appropriate Agitation Intensities for in vitro Dissolution Measurements to Reflect in vivo Conditions, J. pharm. Sci. 52, 1039 (1963).
G. Levy, J. M. Antkowiak, J. A. Procknal und D. C. White, II. Granule Size, Starch Concentration and Compression Pressure, ibid. 52, 1047 (1963).
G. Levy und R. H. Gumton, III. Tablet Lubricants, ibid. 52, 1139 (1963).
J. K. C. Yen, The Dissolution Rate Principle in Practical Tablet Formulation, Sci. Sect. Can. pharm. J. 97, 493 (1964).
F. A. Campagna, G. Cureton, R. A. Mirigian und E. Nelson, Inactive Prednisone Tablets U.S.P. XVI, J. pharm. Sci. 52, 605 (1963).
G. Levy und E. Nelson, Studies on Inactive Prednisone Tablets USP XVI, Am. J. Hosp. Pharm. 21, 402 (1964).
W. Keller, Kurze Mitteilung über unterschiedliche Wirksamkeit von Prednison- Tabletten, Pharmazie 15, 56 (1960).
E. Lozinski, Physiological Availability of Dicumarol, Can. med. Ass. 83, 177 (1960).
A. R. Schulert und M. Weiner, The Physiologie Disposition of Phenylindanedione in Man, J. Pharmac. exp. Ther. 110, 451 (1954).
J. Bergmann, The Influence of the Particle Size of 5,7-Dibrom-8-hydroxyquinoline (Broxyquinoline pi NN) and of the Composition of Broxyquinoline Tablets on the Antimicrobial Action of the Substance in vitro, Farmaceutisk Revy 62, 234 (1963).
B. Catz, E. Ginsburg und St. Salenger, Clinically Inactive Thyroid U.S.P., New Engl. J. Med. 266, 136 (1962).
G. Levy, Availability of Spironolactone Given by Mouth, Lancet 1962, 723.
C. M. Kagawa, D. J. Bouska und M. L. Anderson, Oral Absorption with Various Preparations of Spironolactone in Dogs, J. pharm. Sci. 53, 450 (1964).
S. Shaldon, J. A. Ryder und M. Garsenstein, A Comparison of the Use of Aldactone and Aldactone A in the Treatment of Hepatic Ascites, Gut 4, 16 (1963).
W. P. Boger und J. O. Beatty, Procaine Penicillin Administered Orally: Comparison with Sodium Penicillin, J. invest. Derm. 15, 373 (1950).
S. S. Wright, E. R. Purcell, E. H. Kass und M. Finland, Penicillin G and Benzethacil by Mouth: Comparison of Penicillin Levels in Plasma of Normal Men after Single Oral Doses, J. Lab. clin. Med. 42, 417 (1953).
H. Juncker und F. Raaschou, The Solubility of Oral Preparations of Penicillin V, Antibiotic Med. 4, 497 (1957).
J. G. Wagner, Biopharmaceutics: Absorption Aspects, J. pharm. Sci. 50, 375 (1961).
E. Nelson, E. L. Knoechel, W. E. Hamlin und J. G. Wagner, Influence of the Absorption of Tolbutamide on the Rate of Decline of Blood Sugar Levels in Normal Humans, J. pharm. Sci. 51, 509 (1962).
E. Nelson, St. Long und J. G. Wagner, Correlation of Amount of Metabolic Excreted and Its Excretion Rate with Available Surface Area of Tolbutamide in Dosage Form, J. pharm. Sci. 53, 1224 (1964).
A. K. Carter, Substitution for Brand-Named Drugs, Can. med. Ass. J. 88, 98 (1963).
S. Caminetski, Substitution for Brand-Named Drugs, Can. med. Ass. J. 88, 950 (1963).
G. Levy, Effect of Dosage Form Properties on Therapeutic Efficacy of Tolbutamide Tablets, Can. med. Ass. J. 90, 978 (1964).
N. Brudney, D. J. Stewart und B. T. Eustace, Rates of Dissolution of Tolbutamide Tablets, Can. med. Ass. J. 90, 980 (1964).
J. B. R. McKendry, D. Bickerton und G. Hancharyk, A Comparative Study of Some Brands of Tolbutamide Available in Canada, Part I: Clinical Aspects, Can. med. Ass. J. 92, 1106 (1965).
F. C. Lu, W. B. Rice und C. W. Mainville, A Comparative Study of Some Brands of Tolbutamide Available in Canada, Part II: Pharmaceutical Aspects, Can med. Ass. J. 92, 1166 (1965).
G. Levy und B. A. Hyes, Physico chemical Basis of the Buffered Acetyl salicylic Acid Controverse, New Engl. J. Med. 262, 1053 (1960).
B. Truitt und A. M. Morgan, A Comparison of the Gastrointestinal Absorption Rates of Plain and BufferedAcetylsalicylic Acid, A. chs int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. 135, 105 (1962).
S. V. Lieberman und J. H. Wood, Aspirin Formulation and Absorption Rate, II. Influence on Serum Levels of Tablets, Antacids and Solutions, J. pharm. Sci. 53, 1492 (1964).
G. Levy, R. H. Gumton und J. M. Rutowski, The Effect of Dosage Form upon the Gastrointestinal Absorption Rate of Salicylates, Can. med. Ass. J. 85, 414 (1961).
G. Levy, Comparison of Dissolution and Absorption Rates of Different Commercial Aspirin Tablets, J. pharm. Sci. 50, 388 (1961).
G. Levy, Effect of Dosage Form on Drug Absorption, a Frequent Variable in Clinical Pharmacology, Archs int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. 152, 59 (1964).
J. R. Gwilt, A. Robertson, L. Goldman und A. W. Blanchard, The Absorption Characteristics of Paracetamol Tablets in Man, J. Pharm. Pharmac. 15, 445 (1963).
F. L. Selye, Absorption of Enteric Coated Ammonium Chloride, Can. med. Ass. j. 55, 445 (1946).
S. H. Waxler und J. A. Shak, Administration of Aminophylline, J. Am. med. Ass. 143, 736 (1950).
J. S. Pirnie und J. S. Staffurth, Oral Potassium Salts, Lancet 1961, I, 48.
V. Wynn und J. Landon, The Alimentary Absorption of Some Enteric-Coated Sodium and Potassium Chloride Tablets, J. Pharm. Pharmac. 15, 123 (1963).
A. B. Morrison und J. A. Campbell, The Relationship between Physiological Availability of Salicylates and Riboflavin and in vitro Disintegration Time of Enteric Coated Tablets, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn.) 49, 473 (1960).
J. V. Swintowsky und R. H. Blythe, The Excretion of Free Salicylate from an Enteric Coated Tablet and a Compound Tablet, Drug Stand. 28, 5 (1960).
R. H. Blythe, G. M. Grass und D. R. McDonnell, The Formulation and Evaluation of Enteric Coated Aspirin Tablets, Am. J. Pharm. 131, 206 (1959).
A. Bloom, A. J. Bowdler und R. E. Nagle, Enteric-Coated Tablets, Lancet 1961, 281. (Hochdosierte magensaftresistente A SS-Dragees verhinderten Magenbeschwerden, Nausea und Erbrechen und ergaben dennoch gute Absorption.)
D. G. Chapman und J. A. Campbell, Reliability of the Riboflavin Excretion Technique in Determining Availability of Coated Tablets, Can. J. Biochem. Physiol. 33, 753 (1955).
D. G. Chapman, L. G. Chatten und J. A. Campbell, Physiological Availability of Drugs in Tablets, Can. med. Ass. J. 76, 102 (1957).
D. G. Chapman, R. Crisafio und J. A. Campbell, The Relation between in vitro Disintegration Time of Sugar-Coated Tablets and Physiological Availability of Riboflavin, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn.) 43, 297 (1954).
D. G. Chapman, R. Crisafio und J. A. Campbell, The Relation between in vitro Disintegration Time of Sugar-Coated Tablets and Physiological Availability of Sodium p-Aminosalicylate, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn.) 45, 374 (1956).
A. B. Morrison, D. G. Chapman und J. A. Campbell, Further Studies on the Relationship between in vitro Disintegration Time of Tablets and the Urinary Excretion Rates of Riboflavin, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn.) 48, 634 (1959).
E. J. Middleton, J. M. Davies und A. B. Morrison, Relationship between Rate of Dissolution, Disintegration Time and Physiological Availability of Riboflavin in Sugar-Coated Tablets, J. pharm. Sci. 53, 1378 (1964).
L. E. Josselyn, C. Endicott und J. C. Sylvester, Absorption of Erythromycin, III. Various Pharmaceutical Factors, Antibiotics A. 1954-55, p. 279.
Übersichtsreferat mit eingehender Zitierung der Literatur: K. Münzel, Orale Arzneiformen mit galenisch bedingter verlängerter Wirkung, Dt. ApothZtg 104, 797, 844 (1964).
J. G. Wagner, Biopharmaceutics: Absorption Aspects, J. pharm. Sci. 50, 364 (1961).
E. Nelson, Pharmaceuticals for Prolonged Action, Clin. Pharmac. Ther. 4, 283 (1963).
J. Murphy, W. Casey und L. Lasagna, The Effect of dosage Regimen on the Diuretic Efficacy of Chlorthiazine in Human Subjects, J. Pharmac. Exp. Ther. 134, 286 (1961).
A. Alibrandi, G. Bruni, A. Ercoli, R. Gardi und A. Meli, Factors Influencing the Biological Activity of Orally Administered Steroid Compounds: Effect of Medicine and Esterification, Endocrinology 66, 13 (1960).
A. B. Morrison und J. A. Campbell, Factors Influencing the Excretion of Oral Test Doses of Thiamine and Riboflavin by Human Subjects, J. Nutr. 72, 435 (1960).
S. Frostad, Continued Studies in Concentration of Par a-Amino salicylic Acid (PAS) in the Blood, Acta tuberc. scand. 41, 68 (1961).
D. T. Carr und A. G. Karlson, Optimal Dosage Regimens of Antituberculosis Drugs, Am. Rev. resp. Dis. 84, 90 (1961).
C. A. M. Hogben, J.J. Tocco, B. B. Brodie und L. S. Schanker, On the Mechanism of Intestinal Absorption of Drugs, J. Pharmac. exp. Ther. 125, 275 (1959).
F. Hohensee, Arzneimittel mit verlängerter Wirkung, Therapie Gegenw. 103, 365 (1964).
R. H. Blythe, G. M. Grass und D. R. MacDonnell, The Formulation and Evaluation of Enteric Coated Aspirin Tablets, Am. J. Pharm. 131, 206 (1959).
F. S. Bukey und M. Brew, A Study of the Emptying Time of the Stomach with Reference to Pills and Tablets, J. Am. pharm. Ass. 23, 1217 (1934).
F. S. Bukey und M. Brew, The Effect of Diet on Enteric Coated Tablets, J. Lab. clin. Med. 22, 918 (1937).
A. W. Crane und M. Wruble, Enteric Coatings, Clinical Investigations, Am. J. Roentg. Radium Therapy 39, 450 (1938).
J. G. Wagner, W. Veldkamp und S. Long, Correlation of in vivo with in vitro Disintegration Times of Enteric Coated Tablets, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn.) 47, 681 (1958).
R. H. Blythe, G. M. Grass und D. R. MacDonald, The Formulation and Evaluation of Enteric Coated Aspirin Tablets, Am. J. Pharm. 131, 206 (1959).
E. Nelson, Pharmaceuticals for Prolonged Action, Clin. Pharmac. Ther. 4, 285 (1963).
J. G. Wagner, Biopharmaceutics: Absorption Aspects, J. pharm. Sci. 50, 370 (1961).
Th. M. Feinblatt und E. A. Ferguson, Timed-Disintegration Capsules, An in vivo Roentgenographs Study, New Engl. J. Med. 234, 940 (1956).
J. Sjögren und L. E. Fryklöf, Duretter ® - a New Type of Oral Sustained Action, Farm. Revy 59, 171 (1960).
S. R. A. Simoons, Formulation and Experimental Evaluation of Oral Sustained Release Medication Based on the Principle of Delayed Diffusion, Diss. Universität Amsterdam 1962.
c] J. Cooper, Sustained Release by Diffusion, J. mond. Pharm. 4, 24 (1961) (mit Interpellation durch J. Sjögren).
T. Higuchi, Mechanism of Sustained Action Medication; Theoretical Analysis of Rate of Release of Solid Drugs Dispersed in Solid Matters, J. pharm. Sci. 52, 1145 (1963).
G. Levy, Criteria for Evaluating Oral Prolonged-Release Pharmaceuticals, J. Am. pharm. Ass. NS 4, 16 (1964).
J. F. Nash und R. E. Crabtree, Absorption of Tritiated d-Desoxyephedrine in Sustained-Release Dosage Form, J. pharm. Sci. 50, 134 (1961).
E. Rosen und J. V. Swintosky, Preparation of a 35 S-Labelled Trimeprazine Tartrate Sustained Action Product for Its Evaluation in Man, J. Pharm. Pharmac. 12, 237 T (1960).
E. Nelson, A Note on Mathematics of Oral Sustained Release Products, J. Am. pharm. Ass. 46, 572 (1957).
M. Rowland und A. H. Beckett, Mathematical Treatment of Oral Sustained Release Drug Formulations, J. Pharm. Pharmac. 16, 156 T (1964).
J. E. Silson, Clinical Pharmacology of Prolonged Release Drugs, Drug Cosmet. Ind. 96, 632 (1965).
G. Levy und R. H. Reuning, Effect of Complex Formation on Drug Absorption, I. Complexes of Salicylic Acid with Absorbable and Nonabsorbable Compounds, J. pharm.. Sci. 53, 1471 (1964).
P. E. Carlo, N. M. Cambosos, C. G. Feeney und P. K. Smith, Plasma Levels after the Oral Administration of Acetylsalicylic Acid and N-acetyl-p-aminophenol in different Forms to Human Subjects,]. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn.) 44, 396 (1955).
J. A. Pittman und B. B. Westfall, Spectrophotometric Estimation of Amphenone in Biological Material and Its Absorption and Excretion in Man, J. Pharmac. exp. Ther. 119, 64 (1957).
W. P. Boger und J. J. Gavin, An Evaluation of Tetracycline Preparations, New Engl. J. Med. 261, 827 (1959).
J. Schluger, J. T. McGinn und D. D. Hennessy, Comparative Theophylline Blood Levels Following the Oral Administration of three Different Theophylline Preparations, Am. J. med. Sci. 233, 296 (1957).
M. jorgensen und P. møller, Intestinal Absorption of Theophylline from an Aqueous Alcoholic Solution, Acta pharmac. tox. 18, 129 (1961).
M. H. Malone, R. D. Gibson und T. S. Miya, A Pharmacological Study of the Effects of Various Pharmaceutical Vehicles on the Action of Orally Administered Phénobarbital, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn.) 49, 529 (1960).
L. W. Hazleton und R. C. Hellerman, The Influence of Vehicles on the Action of Drugs, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn.) 35, 161 (1946).
A. Alibrandi, G. Bruni, A. Ercoli, R. Gardi und A. Meli, Factors Influencing the Biological Activity of Orally Administered Steroid Compounds: Effect of the Medium and Esterification, Endocrinology 66, 13 (1960).
G. Halpern, J. Biely und F. Hardy, Utilization of Vitamin A in Water Emulsion, Science 106, 40 (1947).
G. Levy und W. J. Jusko, Effect of Viscosity on Drug Absorption, J. pharm. Sci. 54, 219 (1965).
G. D. Redman, J. E. Christian und G. J. Sperandio, The Influence of Some Suspending Agents on the Release of a Soluble Medicament from Solution, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn.) 49, 98 (1960).
Vgl. B. A. Mulley, Solubility in Systems Containing Surface Active Agents, in: H. S. Bean, A. H. Beckett und J. E. Carless, Advances in Pharmaceutical Sciences 1 ( Academic Press, London and New York 1964 ), p. 86.
J. W. McBain, Colloid Science (D. C. Heath amp; Co., Boston 1950 ), p. 264.
M. E. L. McBain und E. Hutchinson, Solubilization and Related Phenomena (Academic Press Inc. Publishers, New York 1955 ).
L. Sjöblom, The Solubility of Oestradiol-17ß in Aqueous Solutions of Some Association Colloids, Acta Acad, äbo Math. Phys. 21, 7, (1958).
K.-H. Wagner, Die Abhängigkeit der Resorption fettlöslicher Vitamine (ß-Carotin, Vitamin A und Vitamin D) von den verwendeten Lösungsmitteln, Klin. Wschr. 32, 87 (1954).
B. Kramer, A. E. Sobel und S. P. Gottfried, Serum Levels of Vitamin A in Children, A Comparison Following the Oral and Intramuscular Administration of Vitamin A in Oily and in Aqueous Mediums, Am. J. Dis. Child. 73, 543 (1947).
A. E. Sobel, L. Besman und B. Kramer, Vitamin A Absorption in the Newborn, Am. J. Dis. Child. 77, 576 (1949).
B. Kramer, Comparison of Vitamin A Liver Storage Following Administration of Vitamin A in Oily and Aqueous Media, J. Nutr. 35, 225 (1948).
A. E. Sobel, A. Rosenberg und B. Kramer, Enrichment of Milk Vitamin A in Normal Lactating Women, A Comparison Following Administration of Vitamin A in Aqueous and Oily Mediums, Am. J. Dis. Child. 80, 932 (1950).
B. Kramer, S. M. Gordon, H. M. Berger und A. E. Sobel, Aqueous Dispersions of Vitamins A and D in Premature Infants, Am. J. Dis. Child. 82, 17 (1951).
C. J. Kern und T. Antoshkiw, Vitamin A Alcohol, Stability and Adsorption in Aqueous and Oily Media, Ind. Engng Chem. 42, 709 (1950).
R. W. Hillman und N. H. Becker, Absorption of Ingested Vitamin A, Gastroenterology 32, 738 (1957).
S. Riegelmann, EENT (Eye, Ear, Nose, Throat) Preparations, in: HUSA’s Pharmaceutical Dispensing (Mack Publishing Company, Easton, Penn. 1959), p. 245 f,
Übersichtsreferat: K. Munzel, Die Herstellung wäßriger Augentropfenlösungen. Schweiz. ApothZtg 99, 49, 97, 113 (1961).
E. Roy Hammarlund, J. Boberg-Ans und K. V. Grove-Rasmussen, Reinforcement of the Action of Alkaloidal Eye-Drops by Previous Installation of Sodium Borate Solution in the Eyes, Dansk Tidsskr. Farm. 33, 10 (1959).
J. Boberg-Ans, K. V. Grove-Rasmussen und E. R. Hammarlund, Buffering Technique for Obtaining Increased Physiological Response from Alkaloidal Eye-Drops, Br. J. Ophthal. 43, 670 (1959).
K. Soehring, O. Klingmüller und F. Neuwald, Pharmakologische Untersuchungen über den Einfluß der Zusammensetzung des Vehikels auf die Wirkung wäßriger Lösungen von Augenarzneien, Arzneimittel-Forsch. 9, 297 (1959).
K. A. Reiser, Studien zur Sulfonamidtherapie, IV. Experimentelle Untersuchungen über die örtliche Sulfonamidanwendung am Auge, Klin. Mbl. Augenheilk. 121, 257 (1952).
M. Ginsberg und J. M. Robson, Further Investigations on the Action of Detergents on the Eye, Br. J. Ophthal. 33, 574 (1949).
W. H. Mueller und D. L. Deardorff, Ophthalmic Vehicles: The Effect of Methyl- cellulose on the Penetration of Homatropine Hydrobromide through the Cornea, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn.) 45, 334 (1956).
J. S. Haas und D. L. Merrill, The Effect of Methyl-Cellulose on Responses to Solutions of Pilocarpine, Am. J. Ophthal. 54, 21 (1962).
M. S. Norn, Role of the Vehicle in Local Treatment of the Eye, Dansk Tidsskr. Farm. 38, 95 (1964).
E. G. Remmers, W. C. Barringer, G. M. Sieger und A. P. Doerschuk, Metal-Acid Complexes with Members of the Tetracycline Family, II. Development of Stable Pre- constituted Parenteral Formulations, J. pharm. Sci. 53, 1534 (1964).
R. E. Thompson, Sustained Release of Parenteral Drugs, Bull, parent. Drug Ass. 14, (3) 6 (1960).
L. Goodman und A. Gilman, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 2nd Edn. ( Macmillan Co., New York 1956 ), p. 880.
A. Edkins, The Modification of the Duration of Drug Action, J. Pharm. Pharmac. 11, 54 T (1959).
H. C. Hagedorn, B. Norman Jensen und N. B. Krarup, Protamine Insulinate, J. Am. med. Ass. 106, 111 (1936).
K. Hallas-Moller, K. Petersen und J. Schlichtkrull, Crystalline and Amorphous Insulin-Zinc Compounds with Prolonged Action, Science 116, 394 (1952).
R. E. Thompson und R. A. Hecht, Studies on a Long-Acting Vitamin B12 Preparation, J. clin. Nutr. 7, 311 (1959).
R. Grabsbeck, Maintenance Treatment in Pernicious Anemia, Lancet 1959, 205.
S. D. Sobell, A. Arnold und F. Coulston, Serum Levels of Vitamin B12 Following Intramuscular Injection of a Depot Preparation, Am. J. clin. Nutr. 7, 311 (1959).
P. Bastup-Madsen, S. Norregärd, M. Schwartz, K. Kristensen und S. Ch. Van, Parenteral behandling af perniciamp;s anscemi med et B12-Vitaminprceparat med retarderet absorption; Cyanokobalamin-Tannat-Aluminiummonostearat-Gel (BETOL- VEX), Ugeskr. Lseg. 124, 1687 (1962).
K. Kristensen, P. Bastrup-Madsen, S. Norregärd und M. Schwartz, Et in- jicerbart B12-Vitaminprcsparat (BETOLVEX) med retarderet absorption, Ugeskr. Laeg. 124, 1681 (1962).
A. Choay und H. Choky, Prolongation des effets de Vinsuline par association ä la polyvinylpyrrolidone, Annls pharm, fr. 5, 420 (1947).
R. E. Thompson, Sustained Release of Parenteral Drugs, Bull, parent. Drug. Ass. 14, (3) 6 (1960).
I. I. Gschwind und C. H. Li, Inactivation of Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone in vitro by Tissues, Endocrinology 50, 266 (1952).
K. Eik-Nes, A. A. Sandberg, F. H. Tyler und L. T. Samuels, Changes in Plasma Levels of 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids Induced by ACTH, III. Effects of Various Vehicles and Modes of Administration, J. clin. Endocr. Met. 18, 882 (1958).
K. Pedersen-Bjergaard und M. Tønnesen, Augmentation of Chorionic Gonadotropin by Colloids, Dansk Tidsskr. Farm. 24, 271 (1950).
E. Dollerup, H. Hejgard und C. Holten, A Heparin Preparation with Prolonged Action, Its Clinical Application, Lancet 1957, (1), 897.
M. G. Allmark, A Comparison of the Activity of Some Drug Products Injected in Hydrolysed Calcium Gelatinate and in Distilled Water, J. Pharm. Pharmac. 2, 556 (1950).
F. H. Buckwalter und H. L. Dickinson, The Effect of Vehicle and Particle Size on the Absorption, by the Intramuscular Route, of Procaine Penicillin G Suspensions, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn.) 47, 661 (1958).
W. Elias, A. H. Price und H. J. Merrion, N,N’-Dibenzylethylenediamine Penicillin: A New Repository Form on Penicillin, Antibiotics Chemother. 7, 491 (1951).
A. F. de Rose, R. J. Michaels, A. W. Weston, und R. K. Richards, N,N’-bis- (dehydroabietyPj-ethylenediamine-dibenzyl-penicillin and Two Related Salts. I, Chemistry and Pharmacology, Antibiotics Chemother. 5, 315 (1955).
S. D. Sobell, A. Arnold und F. Couston, Serum Levels of Vitamin B12 Following Intramuscular Injection of a Depot Preparation, Am. J. clin. Nutr. 8, 214 (1960).
A. Arnold, D. A. Berberian und S. D. Sobell, Maintenance of Elevated Blood Levels of Vitamin B12 in Human Subjects, Am. J. clin. Nutr. 10, 56 (1962).
K. Junkmann, Über protrahiert wirksame Corticoide, Arch. exp. Path. Pharmak. 223, 280 (1954).
K. Junkmann und H. Witzel, Chemie und Pharmakologie von Steroidhormon- Estern, Z. Vitam.- Horm.- u. Fermentforsch. 9, 97, 227 (1957-58).
W. Dirscherl und U. Dardenne, Spaltung von Steroidhormonestern durch menschliche und tierische Organe, Biochem. Z. 325, 195 (1954).
R. Meier und E. Tschopp, Die Abhängigkeit der Größe und der Form der Zeit- Wirkungsfläche von Dosis und Resorptionsgröße bei Testosteronestern, Arch. exp. Path. Pharmak. 226, 532 (1955).
E. Tschopp und R. Meier, Triolandren, ein Gemisch von Testosteronestern mit rasch einsetzender und protrahierter Wirkung, Schweiz, med. Wschr. 84, 1392 (1954).
K. Miescher, P. Gasche und H. Frey, Depotwirkung von Kristallsuspensionen weiblicher Sexualhormone (Ovocyclin- und Lutocyclin-Kristallampullen), Helv physiol. pharmac. Acta 2, 515 (1944).
E. Tschopp, Wirksamkeitsvergleich verschiedener Arten von Testosteron-Kristallampullen, Schweiz, med. Wschr. 80, 673 (1950).
R. Meier und E. Tschopp, Die Abhängigkeit der Größe und Form der Zeit-Wirkungsfläche von Dosis und Resorptionsgröße bei Testosteronestern, Arch. exp. Path. Pharmak. 226, 532 (1955).
H. Frey, Die Herstellung von Mikrokristallen für pharmazeutische Zwecke, Chem. Rdsch. 1958, 553 (No. 21).
J. Polderman, J. H. Bloo und J. Fokkens, Suspensions of Steroid Hormones, Pharm. Weekbl. Ned. 93, 45 (1958).
R. E. Collard, Formulation and Manufacture of Corticosteroid Preparations, Pharm. J. 186, 116 (1961).
T. J. Macek, Formulation; Consideration of the Physical and Chemical Problems Inherent in the Formulation of Dosage Forms for New Pharmaceuticals, in: Remington’s Practice of Pharmacy, 12th Edn. (Mack Publ. Co., Easton, Pa., 1961), p. 335, 336.
W. I. Higuchi und P. K. Lau, Experimental Methods for Studying Growth Rates of Particles in Aqueous Media, J. pharm. Sci. 51, 1081 (1962).
C. B. Strauch und M. Bernhardt, Über parenterale Depots wasserlöslicher Medikamente, Z. klin. Med. 104, 744 (1926).
J. J. Vorzimmer, L. N. Sussmann und M. J. Marder, Prolongation of Action of Heparin, J. Am. med. Ass. 138, 747 (1948).
R. M. Tomerelli, J. Charney und F. W. Bernhardt, Utilization of Intramuscularly Injected Carotene, Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. Med. 63, 108 (1946).
L. Sjöblom, Studies on the Solubilization of 0estrone and Its Percutaneous Absorption in Mice, Acta Acad. äbo. Math. Phys. 20, 14 (1956).
O. Weis-Fogh, Efocain, Arch. Pharm. Chemi 61, 455 (1954).
W. Mannheimer, Ph. Pizzolato und J. Adriani, Mode of Action and Effects on Tissues of Long-Acting Local Anesthetics, J. Am. med. Ass. 154, 29 (1954).
R. Deanesley und A. S. Parkes, Further Experiments on the Administration of Hormones by the Subcutaneous Implantation of Tablets, Lancet 1938, (2), 606.
W. Schöller und M. Gehrke, Tierphysiologische Versuche über die Wirkung männlicher Keimdrüsenhormone, I. Versuche an Kapaunen, Klin. Wschr. 20, 694 (1938).
C. G. Hartmann, The Effect of Testosterone on the Monkey Uterus and the Administration of Steroidal Hormones in the Form of Deanesly-Parkes Pellets, Endocrinology 26, 449 (1940).
C. Müller, Therapeutische Erfahrungen mit der Implantation von Reinsubstanz östrogener und androgener Hormone, Schweiz, med. Wschr. 74, 671 (1944); 76, 635 (1946).
H. Th. Schreus, Allgemeine Gesichtspunkte zur Technik und Dosierung bei Einpflanzung von Hormonkristallen, Klin. Wschr. 42, 650 (1943).
B. E. Ballard und E. Nelson, Physicochemical Properties of Drugs that Control Absorption Rate after Subcutaneous Implantation, J. Pharmac. exp. Ther. 135, 120 (1962).
K. Münzel, Versuch einer Systematik der Salben nach galenischen Gesichtspunkten, Pharm. Acta Helv. 28, 320 (1953).
F. D. Malkinson, Radioisotope Techniques in the Study of Percutaneous Absorption, J. Soc. cosmet. Chem. 7, 109 (1956).
J. E. Treherne, The Permeability of Skin to Some Nonelectrolytes, J. Physiol., Lond. 133, 171 (1956).
J. Shelmire, Factors Determining the Skin-Drug-Vehicle Relationship, A.M.A. Archs Derm. 82, 24 (1960).
M. Barr, Percutaneous Absorption, J. pharm. Sci. 51, 395 (1962).
D. H. O. Gemmell und J. C. Morrison, The Release of Medicinal Substances from Topical Applications and Their Passage through the Skin, J. Pharm. Pharmac. 9, 641 (1957).
J. G. Wagner, Biopharmaceutics: Absorption Aspects, J. pharm. Sci. 50, 379 (1961), Abschnitt: Percutaneous Absorption.
J. B. Shelmire, Factors Effecting the Diffusion of Drugs from Vehicles to the Skin Surface, J. invest. Derm. 27, 383 (1956).
T. Higuchi, Physical Chemical Analysis of Percutaneous Absorption Process from Creams and Ointments, J. Soc. cosmet. Chem. 11, 85 (1960).
W. E. Clendenning und R. B. Stoughton, Importance of the Aqueous ¡Lipid Partition Coefficient for Percutaneous Absorption of Weak Electrolytes, J. invest. Derm. 39, 47 (1962).
T. Higuchi. Rate of Release of Medicaments from Ointment Bases Containing Drugs in Suspension, J. pharm. Sci. 50, 874 (1961).
M. Katz und Z. I. Shaikh, Percutaneous Corticosteroid Absorption Correlated to Partition Coefficient, J. pharm. Sci. 54, 591 (1965).
D. E. Wurster und S. F. Kramer, Investigations of Some Factors Influencing Percutaneous Absorption, J. pharm. Sci. 50, 288 (1961).
D. E. Wurster und R. Munies, Factors Influencing Percutaneous Absorption, II. Absorption of Methyl Ethyl Ketone, J. pharm. Sci. 54, 554 (1965).
K. E. Schulte und M. Krüger, Beobachtungen über die Abhängigkeit der Wirkung Capsaicinhaltiger Salben von den Eigenschaften der Salbengrundlage, Mitt dt. pharm. Ges. 27, 172 (1957).
M. E. Stolar, G. Y. Rossi und M. Barr, The Effect of Various Ointment Bases on the Percutaneous Absorption of Salicylates, I. Effect of Type of Ointment Base, II. Effect of Surface Active Agents, J. Am. pharm. Ass. 59, 144, 148 (1960).
J. B. Shelmire, Observations on the Role of Vehicles in Percutaneous Penetration, A.M.A. Archs Derm. 78, 191 (1958).
J. B. Plein und E. M. Plein, A Comparison of in vivo and in vitro Tests for the Absorption, Penetration and Diffusion of Some Medicináis from Silicone and Petrolatum Ointment Bases, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Sci. ed.) 46, 705 (1957).
H. Nogami und M. Hanano, Studies on Percutaneous Absorption, II. Effect of the Incorporated Substance, Chem. pharm. Bull. Tokyo 6, 249 (1958).
J. J. Eller und S. Wolf, Permeability and Absorptivity of the Skin, Archs Derm. Syph. 40, 900 (1939).
R. G. Harry, Skin Penetration, Br. J. Derm. Syph. 53, 65 (1941).
G. Valette, Percutaneous Absorption, Pharm. J. 170, 461 (1953).
G. Valette und E. Sorbin, Absorption percutanée de diverses huiles animales ou vegetales, Pharm. Acta Helv. 38, 710 (1963); Annls. pharm, fr. 21, 667 (1963).
C. Lund, Salve grundlag, Arch. Pharm. Chemi 55, 175 (1948).
W. Siebert, Zur perkutanen Resorption radioaktiv markierten Camphers aus Salben, Arzneimittel-Forsch. 14, 686 (1964).
G. Valette und R. César, L’absorption cutanée du salicylate de sodium, Annls. pharm, fr. 6, 16 (1948).
W. Montagna, Penetration and Local Effect of Vitamin A on the Skin of Guinea Pig, Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. Med. 86, 668 (1954).
W. Jadassohn und E. Pfanner, Perkutane Resorption fettlöslicher Substanzen, Dermatológica 91, 51 (1945).
W. Stadlin, Perkutane Resorption von lipoidlöslichen Sexualhormonen, Helv. Chim. Acta 28, 415 (1945).
F. Meyer und L. Kerk, Vergleichende Untersuchung zur Durchlässigkeit der Haut für einige aliphatische Träger sub stanzen, Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. exp. Path. Pharmak. 235, 267 (1959).
F. Meyer, Über die perkutane Resorption herzwirksamer Glykoside, ibid. 237, 548 (1960).
F. Meyer und L. Kerk, Über die perkutane Resorption von Eserin aus Benzol und einigen verwandten Lösungsmitteln, Arch. Tox. 18, 131 (1960).
F. Meyer, L. Kerk und E. Meyer, Einfluß verschiedener Versuchsbedingungen auf die perkutane Resorption, Archs int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. 125, 486 (1960).
F. Meyer, Perkutane Verabreichung und Resorption dosierter Wirkstoff mengen, Arzneimittel-Forsch. 10, 204 (1960).
F. Meyer, Dosierbarkeit perkutan zur Resorption gebrachter Digitaloide, ibid. 10, 520 (1960).
L. Sjöblom, Studies on the Percutaneous Absorption of Oestrogens, II. The relative Potency of Oestradiol-17ß in Different Solvents, Acta Acad. äbo. Math. Phys. 21, 8, (1958).
R. B. Stoughton und W. Fritsch, Influence of Dimethylsulfoxide on Human Percutaneous Absorption, Archs Derm. 90, 512 (1964).
E. A. Strakosch, Studies on Ointments, II. Ointments Containing Salicylic Acid, Archs Derm. Syph. 47, 16 (1943).
J. B. Shelmire, Factors Affecting the Diffusion of Drugs from Vehicles to the Skin Surface, J. invest. Derm. 27, 383 (1956).
N. K. Polano, J. Bonsel und B. J. DerMeer, The Relation between the Effect of Topic Irritants and the Ointment Bases in which they are Applied to the skin, Dermatologica 101, 69 (1950).
C. Moncorps, Untersuchungen über die Pharmakologie und Pharmakodynamik von Salben und salbeninkorporierten Medikamenten, II. Über die Resorption und Pharmakodynamik der salbeninkorporierten Salizylsäure, Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch, exp. Path. Pharmak. 141, 50 (1929).
C. Moncorps, IV. Über die Beeinflussung des Schwefelhaushaltes beim Menschen nach Schwefelsalbenanwendung, ibid. 141, 87 (1929).
W. G. Clark, Studies on the Penetration of Sulfonamides into the Skin, III. Penetration of Sulfanilamide and Sulfathiazole into Intact and Injured Skin of Guinea Pigs from Various Vehicles Including Polyethylene Glycols (Carbowax), Am. J. med. Sci. 212, 523 (1946).
D. H. O. Gemmell und J. C. Morrison, The Percutaneous Absorption of Sulfanilamide, J. Pharm. Pharmac. 10, 167 (1958).
E. A. Strakosch und W. G. Clark, Studies on the Penetration of Sulfonamides into the Skin, I. Penetration of Sulfonamides from Various Ointment Bases into the Intact Skin of Guinea Pigs; and a New Method of Analysis of Tissue Sulfonamides, Am. J. med. Sci. 205, 518 (1943).
E. A. Strakosch und E. W. Clark, Studies on the Penetration of Sulfonamides into the Skin, II. Sulfathiazole, Sulfathiazine and Sodium Sulfacetamide, Am. J. med. Sci. 205, 610 (1943).
H. Nogami, J. Hasegawa und M. Havano, Studies on Ointments, I. A New Simplified Determination Method for Percutaneous Absorption of Ointments, Pharm. Bull., Tokyo 4, 347 (1956).
L. Bourget, Über die Resorption der Salicylsäure durch die Haut und die Behandlung des akuten Gelenkrheumatismus, Ther. Mh. 7, 531 (1893).
R. B. Wild und I. Roberts, The Absorption of Mercurials from Ointments Applied to the Skin, Br. med. J. 1926, I, 1076.
E. P. Laug, E. A. Yos, F. M. Kunze und E. J. Umberger, A Study of Certain Factors Governing the Penetration of Mercury through the Skin of the Rat and the Rabbit, J. Pharmac. exp. Ther. 89, 52 (1947).
E. P. Laug, Studies on the Permeability of the Skin to Mercury, J. Soc. cosmet. Chem. 1, 81 (1948).
J. P. Schemberg, J. A. Kolmer und G. W. Raiziss, Experimental Studies of the Mode of Absorption of Mercury when Applied by Inunction, J. Amer. Med. Ass. 70, 142 (1918).
C. E. Jenkins, Some Experiments on the Volatilisation and Absorption of Mercury, Br. J. Derm. Syph. 33, 135 (1921).
T. Sollmann, H. N. Coleund M. E. Schreiber, Mercury Inunctions, Archs Derm. Syph. 32, 242 (1935).
O. B. Miller und W. A. Selle, Studies in Percutaneous Absorption of Radioiodine, J. invest. Derm. 12, 19 (1949).
D. M. Skauen, G. N. Cyr, J. E. Christian und C. O. Lee, A Study of the Absorption of Radioactive Sodium Iodide from a Variety of Ointment Bases, J. Am. pharm. Ass. 38, 618 (1949).
J. Vonkennel und H. Kutzim, Hautresorptionsversuche mit radioaktiven Isotopen, Fette, Scifen, Anstrichmittel 61, 374 (1959).
W. W. Duemling, Wetting Agents, New Synthetic Chemicals of Use in Finer and More Efficient Topical Dermatology Therapy, Archs Derm. Syph. 43, 264 (1941).
H. E. C. Zheutlin und C. L. Fox, Use of Diffusion Rates in Evaluating Ointment Vehicles for Antibacterial Therapy, J. invest. Derm. 77, 161 (1948).
G. Stüttgen und H. Krause, Zur Permeation von Antihistamin aus verschiedenen Salbengrundlagen, Arzneimittel-Forsch. 6, 650 (1956).
C. W. Barret, J. W. Hadgraft und I. Sarkany, The Influence of Vehicles on Skin Penetration, J. Pharm. Pharmac. 16, 108 T (1964).
G. M. MacKee, M. B. Sulzberger, F. Herrmann und R. Baer, Histologic Studies on Percutaneous Penetration with Special Reference to the Effect of Vehicles, J. invest. Derm. 6, 43 (1945).
J. F. Stark, J. E. Christian und H. G. DeKay, A Comparative Study of Surfactant Influence on the Release of Ions from an Emulsified Ointment Base, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn.) 47, 223 (1958).
L. J. Vinson und B. R. Chomann, Percutaneous Absorption and Surface Active Agents, J. Soc. cosmet. Chem. 77, 127 (1960).
M. P. Febvre, C. Denjean und M. R. Coudert, Influence de la nature des excipients pour pommades sur l’absorption percutanée de l’iodure de potassium, du salicylate de sodium et de l’acide salicylique, Annls pharm, fr. 19, 442 (1961).
P. Febvre und M. A. Roblet, Etude de l’influence de quelques surfactifs dans les pommades sur l’absorption cutanée de l’iodure de potassium, du salicylate de sodium et du thiocyanate d’ammonium, Annls pharm, fr. 27, 759 (1963).
F. Gstirner und R. Elsner, Die perkutane Absorption der Salicylsäure aus modernen Salbengrundlagen, Arzneimittel-Forsch. 14, 281 (1964).
O. Blanpin und J. Bretaudeau, Influence d’un surf actif non ionique sur la pénétration percutanée du salicylate de diéthylamine, C. r. Soc. Biol. 155, 1369 (1961).
C. W. Whitworth und Ch. H. Becker, Study of Diffusion of Two Sulfonamides from Ointment Bases, J. pharm. Sci. 54, 569 (1965).
D. S. Meyers, M. V. Nadkarni und L. C. Zopf, The Absorption and Penetration of Therapeutic Agents from a Carbowax Vehicle, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn.) 38, 231 (1949).
Y. N. Bhatia und R. H. Barber, The Effect of pH Variations of Ointment Bases on the Local Anesthetic Activity of Incorporated Ethylaminobenzoate, I. Hydrophilic Ointment USP, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn.) 44, 342 (1955).
A. W. McKenzie und R. B. Stoughton, Method for Comparing Percutaneous Absorption of Steroids, Archs Derm. 86, 608 (1962).
R. Tawashi und P. Speiser, Die Beurteilung der Teilchenfeinheit in Augensalben, Pharm. Acta Helv. 36, 514 (1961).
F. Müller, Untersuchung der Teilchengröße in Augensalben, Pharmazie 18, 803 (1963).
G. Richter, Chloramphenicol-Augen salb en, ihre Wirkungsweise und Indikationen, Arzneimittel-Forsch. 7, 419 (1957).
H. Honegger, Beitrag zur Frage der Permeationsgeschwindigkeit und Wirkungsdauer von Augensalben am Beispiel des gelösten und kristallinen Chloramphenicol, Klin. Mbl. Augenheilk. 139, 38 (1961).
L. Pennati und K. Steiger-Trippi, Suppositorien-Grundmassen, Schweiz. Apoth.- Ztg 96, 205 (1958).
R. Tuma, Die Entwicklung der rektalen Therapie unter Berücksichtigung neuzeiticher Suppositoriengrundlagen, Mtt. dt. pharm. Ges. 33, 137 (1963).
D. G. Friend, Pharmaceutic Preparation and Clinical Efficacy of Drugs, Clin. Pharmac. Ther. 3, 418 (1962).
W. Geissberger, H. Baur und H. Striebel, Über die rektale Calciumresorption, Helv med. Acta (Series A) 17, 465 (1950).
A. D. Dennison jr., Are Aminophylline Suppositories Effective? Circulation 12, 693 (1955).
A. C. Nolke, Several Toxic Effects from Aminophylline and Theophylline Suppositories in Children, J. Am. med. Ass. 161, 693 (1956).
H. L. Bacal, K. Linegar, R. L. Denton und R. Goudreau, Aminophylline Poisoning in Children, Can. med. Ass. J. 80, 6 (1959).
W. Staib, Untersuchungen über die rektale Resorption von Prednison, Arzneimittel- Forsch. 11, 675 (1961).
A. Magyarlaki, Ein Beitrag zur rektalen Resorption des Amidopyrins, Pharmazie 18, 807 (1963).
K. Bucher, Über die Resorptionswege bei rektaler Applikation, Helv. physiol. pharmac. Acta 6, 821 (1948).
W. Hennig, Die rektale Resorption von Medikamenten aus Suppositorien, in: Arzneiformung, Probleme und Entwicklungen (Wiss. Yerlagsges. mbH, Stuttgart 1964 ), p. 97.
W. Hennig, Über die rektale Resorption von Medikamenten ( Juris Verlag, Zürich 1959 ), S. 19.
O. Weis-Fogh, Testosteronsuppositorier, Arch. Pharm. Chemi 68, 885 (1961).
Ch. Hamburger und K. Pedersen-Bjergaard, Om testosteronsuppositorier med saerligt henblick pà suppositorie-massen, Arch. Pharm. Chemi 68, 146 (1961).
J. D. N. Nabarro, A. Moxham, E. Walker und N. J. D. H. Slater, Rectal Hydrocortisone, Br. med. J. 1957, 272.
Ch. Hamburger, Testosterone Treatment and 17-Ketosteroid Excretion, V. Administration of Testosterone per rectum, Acta endocr. 28, 529 (1958).
S. Riegelman und W. J. Crowell, The Kinetic of Rectal Absorption, I. Preliminary Investigations into the Absorption Rate Process, II. The Absorption of Anions, III. The Absorption of TJndissociated Molecules, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn.) 47, 115, 123, 127 (1958)
R. Charonnat, L. Chevillard und H. Giono, Sur une méthode nouvelle d’essai physiologique des excipients de suppositories, Annls pharm, fr. 7, 627 (1949).
A. F. Cachillo und W. H. Hassler, The Influence of Suppository Bases upon the Rectal Absorption of Acetyl salicylic Acid, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn.) 43, 683 (1954).
W. Blume und W. Vogel, Vergleichende Untersuchungen über den Resofptionsverlauf des Cibazols nach intramuskulärer und rectaler Applikation, Naunyn-Sohmiedebergs Arch. exp. Path. Pharmak. 202, 617 (1943).
W. Blume und W. Vogel, Über die Resorption des Cibazols nach peroraler und rektaler Anwendung beim Menschen, ibid. 205, 429 (1948).
L. Pennati und K. Steiger-Trippi, Über die Beeinflussung von rektal verabreichten Arzneistoffen durch Suppositoriengrundmassen, Pharm. Acta Helv. 33, 663 (1958).
F. Piccinini und A. Ancona, Assorbimento rettale della sulfametossipiridizina, Influenza degli eccipienti per supposte, Boll. chim. farm. 98, 104 (1959).
T. S. Schwarz und K. Bichsel, Resorption von Sulfisomidin aus verschiedenen Suppositoriengrundmassen beim Menschen, Pharm. Acta Helv. 38, 861 (1963).
F. M. Delfs und J. Kühne, Zur Resorption von Sulfonamiden aus Suppositorien, Arzneimittel-Forsch. 13, 304 (1963).
F. Kunze, Vergleichende Untersuchungen über die Abgabe von Arzneistoffen aus Suppositoriengrundmassen in vitro und in vivo, Diss. Univ. Hamburg 1964, S. 41 f.
G. Fiore, C. Ballerini und D. Frignati, Assorbimento per via rettale della sulfa- dimetossina (sale sodico), Gazz. med. ital. 119, 476 (1960).
K. Soehring, J. Kühne und F. Neuwald, Resorption und hypoglyhämische Wirkung von Tolbutamid nach rektaler Applikation bei Kaninchen, Arch. exp. Path. Pharmak. 241, 49 (1961).
F. Neuwald, J. Kühne und K. Soehring, Vergleichende Resorptionsversuche mit Oleum Cacao und Adeps solidus, Pharm. Ztg. 107, 25 (1962); Öst. ApothZtg 16, 227 (1962).
B. Kelenty und E. Stensky, Über die rektale Resorption der Antibiotika, Pharmazie 15, 158 (1960).
L. C. Vargas und A. B. Izquierdo, Untersuchungen über die rektale Resorption von Penicillin und Streptomycin aus verschiedenen Suppositoriengrundmassen, Mitt. dt. pharm. Ges. 31, 153 (1961).
J. Cemeli und A. del Pozo, Cesión y absorbción de medicados en supositorias. Salicileto sódico y excipientes liposolubles, Gal. Acta 7, 249 (1954).
H. Mühlemann und R. H. Neuenschwander, Über die Eignung moderner Grundlagen als Suppositorienmassen, Pharm. Acta Helv. 31, 305 (1956).
V. Eckert und H. Mühlemann, Einfluß einiger Eigenschaften von Suppositorienmassen auf die Arzneistoffabgabe, Pharm. Acta Helv. 33, 649 (1958).
H. Mühlemann und D. von Graffenried, Untersuchungen über die Abgabe von Arzneistoffen aus Suppositorien in Abhängigkeit der Arzneistoffkonzentration, Pharm. Acta Helv. 36, 186 (1961).
V. Samelius und A. Äström, The Absorption of N-Methylated Barbiturate and Acetylsalicylic Acid from Different Suppository Masses, Acta pharmac. Tox. 14, 240 (1958).
F. Neuwald und F. Kunze, Vergleichende Untersuchungen über die Abgabe von Salicylaten aus Suppositorienfettgrundmassen in vitro und in vivo, Arzneimittel-Forsch. 14, 1029, 1162 (1964).
F. Neuwald, J. Kühne und K. Soehring, Der Einfluß des Schmelzverhaltens von Suppositoriengrundlagen auf die rektale Resorption, Pharm. Ztg 106, 1544 (1961).
M. Höbel und M. Talebian, Die Resorption von N-Acetyl-p-aminophenol aus Gelatine-Suppositorien-Kapseln, Arzneimittel-Forsch. 10, 653 (1960).
H. Fukuchi, Y. Arimoto, A. Kamada, K. Kobayashi und M. Aoki, The Absorption of Organomer curial Compounds from the Vaginal Route of the Rabbit, I. Comparative Study on the Effect of Suppository Vehicles on the Absorption of co-Ethylmercurithio-n- undecanoic Acid, Phenylmercuric Acetate and Ethylmercuric Chloride after Single Dose Administration, Chem. pharm. Bull., Tokyo 12, 540, 548 (1964).
B. Salazar, T. Aránguiz und L. Vargas, Experimentelle Untersuchungen über die rektale Resorption von Aneurin, Riboflavin, Pyridoxin und Cyanocobalamin aus Suppositorien-Fettmassen, Mitt. dt. pharm. Ges. 35, 45 (1965).
K. Backe-Hansen, Rectal Absorption of Benzylpenicillin Sodium in Rabbits, Arch. Pharm. Chemi 64, 219 (1957).
J. Cemeli, M. Boucard und A. Puech, Absorbción rectal de clorhidrato de efedrino incorporado a excipientes lipo e hidr o solubles, Gal. Acta 10, 97 (1957).
L. von Tardos, L. J. Weimann und I. Ellö, Zur rektalen Resorption des Atropins, Pharmazie 14, 526 (1959).
W. Hennig, Über die rektale Resorption von Medikamenten, (Juris-Verlag Zürich, 1959 ).
W. Hennig, Die rektale Resorption von Medikamenten aus Suppositorien, in: Arzneiformung, Probleme und Entwicklungen (Wiss. Verlagsges. mbH, Stuttgart 1964), S, 82 f, [469]
V. Eybl, Der Einfluß von Detergentien auf die Resorption aus dem Verdauungstrakt von Warmblütern, 4. Der Einfluß von Natriumlaurylsulfat auf die Resorption rektal applizierten Strophantins, Pharmazie 12, 30 (1957).
C. W. Whitworth und J. P. Larocca, A Study of the Effect of Some Emulsifying Agents on Drug Release from Suppository Bases, J. Am. pharm. Ass. (Scient. Edn.) 48, 353 (1959).
K. Kakemi, T. Arita und S. Muranishi, The Effect of Various Bases on Rectal Absorption of Sulfonamides in Rabbits, Yakuzaigaku 23, 39 (1963).
B. Kelenty und E. Stensky, Über die rektale Resorption der Antibiotica, Pharmazie 15, 158 (1960).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1966 Birkhäuser Verlag Basel
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Münzel, K. (1966). Der Einfluß der Formgebung auf die Wirkung eines Arzneimittels. In: Jucker, E. (eds) Fortschritte der Arzneimittelforschung / Progress in Drug Research / Progrès des recherches pharmaceutiques. Fortschritte der Arzneimittelforschung / Progress in Drug Research / Progrès des recherches pharmaceutiques, vol 10. Birkhäuser Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7059-7_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7059-7_6
Publisher Name: Birkhäuser Basel
Print ISBN: 978-3-0348-7061-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-0348-7059-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive