Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Metallothionein II pp 109–134Cite as

Birkhäuser

Toxicological Significance of Metallothionein

  • Chapter

Part of the book series: Experientia Supplementum ((EXS,volume 52))

Abstract

When in 1964, Piscator (1) proposed the hypothesis that the inducible synthesis of metallothionein (MT) provided a protective, or detoxification mechanism at chronic exposure to Cd, evidence already had accumulated to implicate this metal as a causative factor in the Japanese itai itai disease (see 2) and as a potential hazard to human health in other industrialized countries (see 3). Publication of the hypothesis at a time of considerable concern about the consequences of environmental and industrial levels of Cd thus stimulated much research effort, followed by an “exponential” increase in papers on the toxicological significance of thionein synthesis, initially in relation to acute and chronic exposure to Cd and, later, with regard to other toxic metals with strong binding affinities to the protein. Much of this work was summarized in the Proceedings of the 1st International Meeting on Metallothionein in 1978 (4) and has been the subject of several reviews and symposia (5–8). The period between the 1st and this, the 2nd International Meeting, which is covered (with some reference to earlier work, where necessary, to “set the scene”) in this survey of the role of MT in metal-toxicology (associations of MT with disorders of Cu metabolism and in resistance to alkylating agents, free radicals and lipid peroxidation are reviewed by Bremner elsewhere in this volume) has not been so scientifically-productive. Whilst many publications and some significant advances have been made, too many papers have “rediscovered”, or have consolidated the “already known”. Also, in the U.K. interest in the chronic toxicity of Cd and, ipso facto, CdMT as a defence mechanism seems to have decreased sharply as a result of the negative findings in the extensive medical studies on the inhabitants of Shipham, some of whom had been exposed for many years to high environmental levels of Cd (9–11).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Piscator, M. (1964) Nord. Hyg. Tidskr. 48, 76–82.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Tsuchiya, K. ed. (1978) “Cadmium Studies in Japan — A Review”, Elsevier/North Holland Biomedical Press.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Friberg, L., Piscator, M., Nordberg, G.F. and Kjellström, T. (1974) “Cadmium in the Environment”, 2nd ed. Cleveland, CRC Press.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Kagi, J.H.R. and Nordberg, M. eds. (1979) “Metallothionein. Proceedings of the First International Meeting on Metallothionein and other Low Molecular Weight Metal-binding Proteins”, Birkhauser Verlag, Basel.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Webb, M. (1979) In “The Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biology of Cadmium”, M. Webb ed., Elsevier/North Holland, Amsterdam, New York, Oxford, pp. 195–266.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Kotsonis, F.N. and Klaassen, C.D. (1981) In “Cadmium in the Environment II. Health Effects”, J.O. Nriagu ed., Wiley, New York, Chichester, Brisbane, Toronto, Singapore, pp. 595–616.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Foulkes, E.C. ed. (1982) “Biological Roles of Metallothionein”. Proceedings of a U.S.A.-Japan Workshop, Elsevier/North Holland, New York, Amsterdam, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  8. UNEP/ILO/WHO (1984) IPCS Joint Symposia 4. Environ. Health Perspect. 54, 1–295.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Harvey, T.D., Chettle, D.R., Fremlin, J.H., Al Haddad, I.K. and Downey, S.P.M.J. (1979) Lancet i, 551.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Barltrop, D. and Strehlow, C.D. (1981) Proc. 3rd Internat. Cadmium Conf. Miami, 1981. Cadmium Association, London, pp. 112–114.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Inskip, H., Bernal, V. and McDowall, M. (1982) Lancet, i, 896–899.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Tohyama, C., Shaikh, Z.A., Nogawa, K., Kobayashi, E. and Honda, R. (1982) Arch. Toxicol. 50, 159–166.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Chang, C.C., Vander Mallie, R.J. and Garvey, S.J. (1980) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 55, 94–102.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Tohyama, C. and Shaikh, Z.A. (1978). Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 84, 907–913.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Mehra, R.K. and Bremner, I. (1983) Biochem. J. 213, 459–465.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Cherian, M.G., Yu, S. and Redman, C.M. (1981) Canad. J. Biochem. 59, 301–306.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Kojima, Y. and Hamashima, Y. (1978) Acta Histochem. Cytochem. 11, 205–211.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Banerjee, D., Onosaka, S. and Cherian, M.G. (1982) Toxicology, 24, 95–105.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Danielson, K.G., Ohi, S. and Huang, P.C. (1982) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79, 2301–2304.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Clarkson, J.P., Elmes, M.E., Jasani, B. and Webb, M. (1985) Histochem. J. 17, 343–352.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Webb, M. (19825 In: “Nephrotoxicity: Assessment and Pathogenesis”, P.H. Bach, F.W. Bonner, J.W. Bridges and E.A. Lock, eds., Wiley, Chichester, New York, Brisbane, Toronto, Singapore, pp. 296–309.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Mogilnicka, E.M. and Webb, M. (1981) J. Appl. Toxicol. 1, 42–49.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Mogilnicka, E.M. and Webb, M. (1981) J. Appl. Toxicol. 1, 287–291.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Suzuki K.T. (1979) Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 8, 255–268.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Wada, O., Miyahara, A., Manabe, S., Matzui, H. and Ono, T. (1982) J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 9, 509–513.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Mogilnicka, E.M. and Webb, M. (1982) Chem.-Biol. Interact. 40, 247–256.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Mason, R.W. (1983) Chem.-Biol. Interact. 43, 199–208.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Szymanska, J.A., Mogilnicka, E.M. and Kaszper, B.W. (1977) Biochem. Pharmacol. 26, 257–258.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Szymanska, J.A., Zychowicz, M., Zelazowski, A.J. and Piotrowski, J.K. (1978) Arch. Toxicol. 40, 131–141.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Szymanska, J.A. and Piotrowski, J.K. (198–1) Abst. Internat. Metallothionein Meeting, Univ. Aberdeen, 4–5th April.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Zelazowski, A.J., Szymanska, J.A. and Cierniewska, C.S. (1980) Chem.-Biol. Interact. 33, 115–125.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Randall, R.W., Osheroff, R.J. and Bakerman, S. (1972) Ann. Intern. Med. 77, 481–482.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Sharma, R.P. and Edwards, I.P. (1983) Biochem. Pharmacol. 32, 2665–2669.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Zelazowski, A.J., Garvey, T.S. and Hoeschele, J.D. (1984) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 229, 246–252.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Bakka, A.B., Endresen, L., Johnsen, A.B.S., Edminson, P.D. and Rugstad, H.E. (1981) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 61, 215–226.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Mason, R., Edwards, I.R. and McLaren, S.J. (1984) Chem.Biol. Interact. 49, 165–176.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Nagamura, A., Satoh, M., Koyama, Y. and Imura, N. (1985) Toxicol. Lett. 24, 203–207.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Mogilnicka, E.M., Piotrowski, J.K. and Trojanowska, B. (1975) Med. Pracy 26, 147–155.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Eaton, D.E., Stacey, N.H., Wong, K-L. and Klaassen, C.D. (1980) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 55, 393–402.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Bremner, I., Williams, R.B. and Young, B.W. (1981) J. Inorgan. Biochem. 14, 135–146.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Webb, M. and Magos, L. (1976) Chem.-Biol. Interact. 14, 357–369.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Holt, D., Magos, L. and Webb, M. (1980) Chem.-Biol. Interact. 32, 125–135.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Day, F.A., Funk, A.E. and Brady, F.O. (1984) Chem.-Biol. Interact. 50, 159–174.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Webb, M. and Magos, L. (1978) Chem.-Biol. Interact. 21, 215–226.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Cain, K. and Skilleter, D.N. (1980) Biochem. J. 188, 285–288.

    Google Scholar 

  46. Cain, K. and Skilleter, D.N. (1983) Biochem. J. 210, 769–773.

    Google Scholar 

  47. Sciortino, C.V., Failla, M.L. and Bullis, D.B. (1982) Biochem. J. 204, 509–514.

    Google Scholar 

  48. Caperna, T.J. and Failla, M.L. (1984) Biochem. J. 221, 631–636.

    Google Scholar 

  49. Rohrer, S.R., Shaw, S.M., Born, G.S. and Vetter, R.J. (1978) Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 19, 556–563.

    Google Scholar 

  50. Koch, J., Wielgus, S., Shankara, B., Saryan, L.A., Shaw, F. and Petering, D.H. (1980) Biochem. J. 189, 95–104.

    Google Scholar 

  51. Suzuki, K.T. and Yamamura, M. (1979) Biochem. Pharmacol. 28, 3643–3649.

    Google Scholar 

  52. Gerson, R.J. and Shaikh, Z.A. (1982) Biochem. J. 208, 465–472.

    Google Scholar 

  53. Failla, M.L., Cousins, R.J. and Mascenik, M. (1979) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 583, 63–72.

    Google Scholar 

  54. Gerson, R.J. and Shaikh, Z.A. (1984) Biochem. Pharmacol. 33, 199–203.

    Google Scholar 

  55. Webb, M. (1985) In: “Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology”, Vol. 80, “Cadmium”, E.C. Foulkes, ed, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, Tokyo, In press.

    Google Scholar 

  56. Onosaka, S. and Cherian, M.G. (1981) Toxicology 22, 91–101.

    Google Scholar 

  57. Eaton, D.L. (1985) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 78, 158–162.

    Google Scholar 

  58. Onosaka, S. and Cherian, M.G. (1982) Toxicology 23, 11–20.

    Google Scholar 

  59. Waalkes, M.P., Chernoff, S.B. and Klaassen, C.D.—T1984) Biochem. J. 220, 811–818.

    Google Scholar 

  60. Taguchi, T. and Nakamura, K. (1982) J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 9, 401–409.

    Google Scholar 

  61. Karin, M. (1985) Cell 41, 9–10.

    Google Scholar 

  62. Kotsonis, F.N. and Klaassen, C.D. (1977) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 41, 583–588.

    Google Scholar 

  63. Post, C.L., Squibb, K.S., Fowler, B.A., Gardner, D.E., Illing, J. and Hook, G.E.R. (1982) Biochem. Pharmacol. 31, 2969–2975.

    Google Scholar 

  64. Tinder, C-G., Nordberg, M., Palm, B. and Piscator, M. (1981) Environ. Res. 26, 22–32.

    Google Scholar 

  65. Nordberg, M., Elinder, C-G. and Rahnster, B. (1979) Environ. Res. 20, 341–350.

    Google Scholar 

  66. Whanger, P.D., Ridlington, J.W. and Holcomb, C.L. (1980) Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 355, 333–346.

    Google Scholar 

  67. Sugawara, N. (1977) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 42, 377–386.

    Google Scholar 

  68. Winge, D.R., Premakumar, R. and Rajagopalan, K.V. (1978) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 188, 466–475.

    Google Scholar 

  69. Suzuki, K.T. and Yamamura, M. (1980) Toxicol. Lett. 5, 131–138.

    Google Scholar 

  70. Suzuki, K.T., Yamamura, M., Yamada, Y.K. and Shimizu, F. (1981) Toxicol. Lett. 8, 105–114.

    Google Scholar 

  71. Nordberg, G.F. (1972) Environ. Physiol. Biochem. 2, 7–36.

    Google Scholar 

  72. Nordberg, G.F., Goyer, R.A. and Nordberg, M. (1975) Arch. Pathol. 99, 192–197.

    Google Scholar 

  73. Cherian, M.G., Goyer, R.A. and Delaquerriere-Richardson, L. (1976) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 38, 399–408.

    Google Scholar 

  74. Webb, M. and Etienne, A.T. (1977) Biochem. Pharmacol. 26, 25–30.

    Google Scholar 

  75. Cherian, M.G. and Goyer, R.A. (1978) Life Sci. 10, 1–10.

    Google Scholar 

  76. Squibb, K.S., Ridlington, J.W., Carmichael, N.G. and Fowler, B.A. (1979) Environ. Health Perspect. 28, 287–296.

    Google Scholar 

  77. Murakami, M., Cain, K. and Webb, M. (1983) J. Appl. Toxicol. 3, 237–244.

    Google Scholar 

  78. Holt, D., Sparrow, S. and Webb, M. (1985) Arch. Toxicol. 57, 200–204.

    Google Scholar 

  79. Suzuki, K.T. and Takenaka, M. (1979) Chem. Pharm. Bull. 27, 1753–1758.

    Google Scholar 

  80. Tanaka, K., Sueda, K., Onasaka, S. and Okahara, K. (1975) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 33, 258–266.

    Google Scholar 

  81. Bremner, I., Hoekstra, W.G., Davies, N.T. and Young, B.W. (1978) Biochem. J. 174, 883–892.

    Google Scholar 

  82. Cain, K. and Holt, D.E. (1983) Chem.-Biol. Interact. 43, 223–227.

    Google Scholar 

  83. Suzuki, K.T., Takenaka, S. and Kubota, K. (1979) Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 8, 85–95.

    Google Scholar 

  84. Nordberg, M. (1977) “Studies on Metallothionein and Cadmium”, Thesis, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm.

    Google Scholar 

  85. Cherian, M.G. (1979) Environ. Health Perspect. 28, 127–130.

    Google Scholar 

  86. Maitani, T., Waalkes, M.P. and Klaassen, C.D. (1984) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 74, 237–243.

    Google Scholar 

  87. Valberg, L.S., Haist, J., Cherian, M.G., DelaquerriereRichardson, L. and Goyer, R.A. (1977) J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 2, 963–975.

    Google Scholar 

  88. Nomiyamâ, K. and Foulkes, E.C. (1977) Proc. Soc. exptl. Biol. Med. 156, 97–99.

    Google Scholar 

  89. Foulkes, E.C. (1978) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 45, 505–512.

    Google Scholar 

  90. Johnson, D.R. and Foulkes, E.C. (1980) Environ. Res. 21, 350–356.

    Google Scholar 

  91. Foulkes, E.C. (1978) Proc. Soc. exptl. Biol. Med. 159, 321–323.

    Google Scholar 

  92. Selenke, W. and Foulkes, E.C. (1981) Proc. Soc. exptl, Biol. Med. 167, 40–44.

    Google Scholar 

  93. Besterman, J.M. and Low, R.B. (1983) Biochem. J. 210, 1–13.

    Google Scholar 

  94. Foulkes, E.C. (1982) The Physiologist 25, 56–59.

    Google Scholar 

  95. Feldman, S.L., Failla, M.L. and Cousins, R.J. (1978) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 544, 638–646.

    Google Scholar 

  96. Murakami, M., Tohyama, C., Sano, K., Kawamura, R. and,Kubota, K. (1983) Arch. Toxicol. 53, 185–192.

    Google Scholar 

  97. Cherian, M.G. (1978) Biochem. Pharmacol. 27, 1163–1166.

    Google Scholar 

  98. Cherian, M.G. (1982) In: “Biological Roles of Metallothionein”, E.C. Foulkes, ed., Elsevier/North Holland, New York, Amsterdam, Oxford, pp. 192–202.

    Google Scholar 

  99. Rogers, K. and Cherian, M.G. (1981) The Toxicologist 1, 82.

    Google Scholar 

  100. Fowler, B.A. and Nordberg, G.F. (1978) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 46, 609–623.

    Google Scholar 

  101. Templeton, D.M. and Cherian, M.G. (1985) Toxicol. Lett. 25, 279–286.

    Google Scholar 

  102. Suzuki, K.T. and Yamamura, M. (1980) Biochem. Pharmacol. 29, 2407–2412.

    Google Scholar 

  103. Squibb, K.S., Pritchard, J.B. and Fowler, B.A. (1982) In: “Biological Roles of Metallothionein”, E.C. Foulkes, ed., Elsevier/North Holland, New York, Amsterdam, Oxford, pp. 181–192.

    Google Scholar 

  104. Bremner, I. (1983) Rep. Rowett Institute 39, 13–28.

    Google Scholar 

  105. Murakami, M. and Webb, M. (1981) Br. J. exp. Pathol. 62, 115–130.

    Google Scholar 

  106. Webb, M. (1979) In: “Kadmium Symposium”, M. Anke, H-J. Schneider, eds., Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat, Jena, pp. 101–107.

    Google Scholar 

  107. Frazier, J.M. (1982) In: “Biological Roles of Metallothionein”, E.C. Foulkes, ed., Elsevier/North Holland, New York, Amsterdam, Oxford, pp. 141–153.

    Google Scholar 

  108. Vander Mallie, R.J. and Garvey, J.S. (1979) J. Biol. Chem. 254, 8416–8421.

    Google Scholar 

  109. Tohyama, C. and Shaikh, Z.A. (1981) Fund. Appl. Toxicol. 1, 1–7.

    Google Scholar 

  110. Garvey, J.C. and Chang, C.C. (1981) Science 214, 805–807.

    Google Scholar 

  111. Cain, K. and Griffiths, B.L. (1980) Biochem. Pharmacol. 29, 1852–1855.

    Google Scholar 

  112. Tanaka, K. (1982) In: “Biological Roles of Metallothionein”. E.C. Foulkes, ed., Elsevier/North Holland, New York, Amsterdam, Oxford, pp. 237–249.

    Google Scholar 

  113. Dudley, R.E., Gammal, L.M. and Klaassen, C.D. (1985) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 77, 414–426.

    Google Scholar 

  114. Mehra, R.K. and Bremner, I. (1984) Biochem. J. 217, 859–862.

    Google Scholar 

  115. Cousins, R.J. (1979) Nutr. Rev. 37, 97–103.

    Google Scholar 

  116. Cain, K. and Holt, D.E. (1979) Chem.-Biol. Interact. 28, 91–106.

    Google Scholar 

  117. Ridlington, J.W., Winge, D.R. and Fowler, B.A. (1981) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 673, 177–183.

    Google Scholar 

  118. Stonard, M.D. and Webb, M. (1976) Chem.-Biol. Interact. 15, 349–363.

    Google Scholar 

  119. Ellis, K.J., Morgan, W.D., Zanzi, I., Yasumura, S., Vartsy, D. and Cohn, S.H. (1981) J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 7, 691–703.

    Google Scholar 

  120. Nomiyama, K. and Nomiyama, H. (1982) In: “Biological Roles of Metallothionein”, E.C. Foulkes, ed., Elsevier/North Holland, New York, Amsterdam, Oxford, pp. 47–67.

    Google Scholar 

  121. Aughey, E., Fell, G.S., Scott, R. and Black, H. (1984) Environ. Health Perspect. 54, 153–161.

    Google Scholar 

  122. Lauwerys, B.R., Roels, H., Buchet, J-P, Bernard, A. and Stanescu, D. (1979) Environ. Health Perspect. 28, 137–145.

    Google Scholar 

  123. Bernard, A., Goret, A., Buchet, J-P., Roels, H. and Lauwerys, R. (1980) Abst. 19th Ann. Meeting Soc. Toxicol. A280.

    Google Scholar 

  124. Bernard, A., Lauwerys, R. and Gengoux, P. (1981) Toxicology 20, 345–357.

    Google Scholar 

  125. Webb, M. and Cain, K. (1982) Biochem. Pharmacol. 31, 137–142.

    Google Scholar 

  126. Stowe, H.D., Wilson, M. and Goyer, R.A. (1972) Arch. Pathol. 94, 389–405.

    Google Scholar 

  127. Faeder, É.J., Chaney, S.Q., King, L.C., Hinners, T.A., Bruce, R. and Fowler, B.A. (1977) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 39, 473–487.

    Google Scholar 

  128. Samarawickrama, G.P. (1979) In: “The Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biology of Cadmium”. M. Webb, ed., Elsevier/North Holland, Amsterdam, New York, Oxford, pp. 341–421.

    Google Scholar 

  129. Minkel, D.T., Poulson, K., Wielgus, S., Shaw, C.F. and Petering, D.H. (1980) Biochem. J. 191, 475–485.

    Google Scholar 

  130. Waku, K., Hayakawa, F. and Nakazawa, Y. (1980) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 204, 288–293.

    Google Scholar 

  131. Suda, T., Horinchi, N., Ogata, E., Ezawa, I., Otaki, N. and Kimura, M. (1974) FEBS Lett. 42, 23–26.

    Google Scholar 

  132. Gick, G., McCarthy, K.S. and McCarthy, S. (1981) Exptl Cell Res. 132, 23–30.

    Google Scholar 

  133. Sorensen, E.M.B. and Acosta, D. (1984) In vitro 20, 763–770.

    Google Scholar 

  134. Bevan, D.R., Worrell, W.J. and Barfield, K.D. (1983) Colloids and Surfaces 6, 365–376.

    Google Scholar 

  135. Shaikh, Z.A. and Hirayama, K. (1979) Environ. Health Perspect. 28, 267–271.

    Google Scholar 

  136. Jamall, I.S. and Smith, J.C. (1985) Arch. Toxicol. 56, 252–255.

    Google Scholar 

  137. Raghaven, S.R.V. and Gonick, H.C. (1980) Min. Electrolyte Metab. 3, 36–43.

    Google Scholar 

  138. Waku, K. (1984) Environ. Health Perspect. 54, 37–44.

    Google Scholar 

  139. Sato, M. and Nagai, Y. (1982) In: “Biological Roles of Metallothionein”, E.C. Foulkes, ed., Elsevier/North Holland, New York, Amsterdam, Oxford, pp. 163–179.

    Google Scholar 

  140. Colucci, A.V., Winge, D. and Krasno, J. (1975) Arch. Environ. Health 30, 153–157.

    Google Scholar 

  141. Benson, J.M. and Henderson, R.F. (1980) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 55, 370–377.

    Google Scholar 

  142. Cox, C.C. and Waters, M.D. (1978) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 46, 385–394.

    Google Scholar 

  143. Hildebrand, C.E. and Cram, L.S. (1979) Proc. Soc. exptl. Biol. Med. 161, 438–443.

    Google Scholar 

  144. Hart, B.A. and Keating, R.F. (1980) Chem.-Biol. Interact. 29, 67–83.

    Google Scholar 

  145. Oberdörster, G. and Kördel, W. (1981) In: Internat. Conf. Heavy Metals in the Environment. CEP Consultants Ltd., Edinburgh, pp. 502–505.

    Google Scholar 

  146. Starcher, B.C. (1969) J. Nutr. 97, 321–326.

    Google Scholar 

  147. Evans, G.W., Majors, P.F. and Cornatzer, W.E. (1970) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 40, 1142–1148.

    Google Scholar 

  148. Richards, M.P. and Cousins, R.J. (1976) J. Nutr. 106, 1591–1599.

    Google Scholar 

  149. Smith, K.T. and Cousins, R.J. (1979) J. Nutr. 110, 316–323.

    Google Scholar 

  150. Squibb, K.S., Cousins, R.J., Silbon, B.L. and Levin, S. (1976) Exp. Mol. Pathol. 25, 163–171.

    Google Scholar 

  151. Cherian, M.G., Goyer, R.A. and Valberg, L.S. (1978) J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 4, 861–868.

    Google Scholar 

  152. Kotsonis, F.N. and Klaassen, C.D. (1978) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 46, 39–54.

    Google Scholar 

  153. McGivern, J. and Mason, J. (1979) J. Comp. Pathol. 89, 1–9.

    Google Scholar 

  154. Starcher, B.C., Glauber, J.C. and Madaras, J.G. (1980) J. Nutr. 110, 1391–1397.

    Google Scholar 

  155. Kello, D., Sugawara, N., Voner, C. and Foulkes, E.C. (1979) Toxicology 14, 199–208.

    Google Scholar 

  156. Cherian, M.G. (1980) J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 6, 379–391.

    Google Scholar 

  157. Cherian, M.G. (1980) J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 6, 393–401.

    Google Scholar 

  158. Cherian, M.G., Onosaka, S., Carson, G.K. and Dean, P.A.W. (1982) J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 9, 389–399.

    Google Scholar 

  159. Cherian, M.G. and Rogers, K. (1982) J. Pharmacol. Exptl. Therap. 222, 699–704.

    Google Scholar 

  160. Shinobu, L.A., Jones, S.G. and Jones, M.M. (1983) Arch. Toxicol. 54, 235–242.

    Google Scholar 

  161. Tsunoo, H., Nakajima, H., Hata, A. and Kimura, M. (1979) Toxicol. Lett. 4, 253–256.

    Google Scholar 

  162. Hata, A., Tsunoo, H., Nakajima, H., Shintaku, K. and Kimura, M. (1980) Chem.-Biol. Interact. 32, 29–39.

    Google Scholar 

  163. Dudley, R.E., Svoboda, D.J. and Klaassen, C.D. (1982) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 65, 302–313.

    Google Scholar 

  164. Jones, S.G., Basinger, N.A., Jones, M.M. and Gibbs, S.A. (1982) Res. Commun. Chem. Pathol. Pharmacol. 38, 271–278.

    Google Scholar 

  165. Mason, R. (1982) Biochem. Pharmacol. 31, 1761–1764.

    Google Scholar 

  166. Holt, D.E. and Webb, M. (1983) Arch. Toxicol. 52, 291–301.

    Google Scholar 

  167. Goering, P.L. and Klaassen, C.D. (1984) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 74, 321–329.

    Google Scholar 

  168. Bell, J.U. X980) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 54, 148–155.

    Google Scholar 

  169. Samarawickrama, G.P. and Webb, M. (1981) J. Appl. Toxicol. 1, 264–269.

    Google Scholar 

  170. Danielsson, B.R.G. and Dencker, L. (1984) Biol. Res. Preg 5, 93–101.

    Google Scholar 

  171. Magos, L. and Webb, M. (1983) In: “Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity of Metals”, T.W. Clarkson, G.F. Nordberg and P.R. Sager, eds., Plenum Press, New York, London, pp. 417–436.

    Google Scholar 

  172. Wong, K-L. and Klaassen, C.D. (1980) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 55, 456–466.

    Google Scholar 

  173. Wong, K-L., Cachia, R. and Klaassen, C.D. (1980) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 56, 317–325.

    Google Scholar 

  174. Meisler, M., Orlowski, C., Gross, E. and Bloor, J.H. (1979) Biochem. Gen. 17, 731–736.

    Google Scholar 

  175. Hata, A., Tsunoo, H., Nakajima, H. and Kimura, M. (1978) Toxicol. Lett. 2, 45–49.

    Google Scholar 

  176. Chellman, G.J., Shaikh, Z.A., Baggs, R.B. and Diamond, G.L. (1985) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 79, 511–523.

    Google Scholar 

  177. Roberts, S.A. and Schnell, R.C. (1981) Fund. Appl. Toxicol. 1, 286–289.

    Google Scholar 

  178. Engström, B. and Nordberg, G.F. (1979) Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol. 45, 315–324.

    Google Scholar 

  179. Roberts, S.A. and Schnell, R.C. (1982) Toxicol. Appl Pharmacol. 64, 42–51.

    Google Scholar 

  180. Lucis, O.J., Lucis, R. and Shaikh, Z.A. (1972) Arch. Environ. Health 25, 14–22.

    Google Scholar 

  181. Lafont, J., Rouanet, J.M., Bensançon, P. and Moretti, J. (1976) Compt. rend. Acad. Sci. Paris, Série C 283, 417–420.

    Google Scholar 

  182. Ariyoshi, T., Tenda, N., Yoshitake, S. and Yamada, H. (1978) J. Hyg. Soc. Japan 18, 516–521.

    Google Scholar 

  183. Wolkowski, R.M. (1974) Teratol. 10, 243–261.

    Google Scholar 

  184. Hanlon, D.P., Sprecht, C. and Ferm, V.H. (1982) Environ. Res. 27, 89–94.

    Google Scholar 

  185. Waalkes, M.P., Poisner, A.M., Wood, G.W. and Klaassen C.D. (1984) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 74, 179–184.

    Google Scholar 

  186. Arizono, K., Ota, S. and Ariyoshi, T. X981). Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 27, 671–677.

    Google Scholar 

  187. Suzuki, K.T. and Yamamura, M. (1980) Biochem. Pharmacol 29, 689–692.

    Google Scholar 

  188. Tanaka, K., Min, K-Y, Onosaka, S., Fukuhara, C. and Ueda, M. (1985) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 78, 63–68.

    Google Scholar 

  189. Andrews, G.K., Adamson, E.D. and Gedamu, L. (1984) Developmental Biol. 103, 294–303.

    Google Scholar 

  190. Sonowane, B.R., Nordberg, M., Nordberg, G.F. and Lucier, G.W. (1975) Environ. Health Perspect. 12, 97–102.

    Google Scholar 

  191. Dencker, L., Danielsson, B., Khayat, A. and Lindgren, A. (1983) In “Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity of Metals”, T.W. Clarkson, G.F. Nordberg and P.R. Sager, eds., Plenum Press, New York, London, pp. 607–631.

    Google Scholar 

  192. Webb, M. and Samarawickrama, G.P. (1981) J. Appl. Toxicol. 1, 270–277.

    Google Scholar 

  193. Holt, D. and Webb, M. (1985) Unpublished results.

    Google Scholar 

  194. Ahokas, R.A. and Dilts, P.V. (1979) Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 135, 219–220.

    Google Scholar 

  195. Leyton, W.M. and Ferm, V.H. (1980) Teratol. 21, 357–360.

    Google Scholar 

  196. Oh, S.H. and Whanger, P.D. (1979) Am. J. Physiol. 237, E18 - E22.

    Google Scholar 

  197. Bakka, A., Samarawickrama, G.P. and Webb, M. (1981) Chem. Biol. Interact. 34, 161–171.

    Google Scholar 

  198. Waalkes, M.P., Trimas, J.A. and Bell, J.U. (1982) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 62, 211–218.

    Google Scholar 

  199. Sowa, B., Steibert, E., Gralewska, K. and Piekarski, T.M. (1982) Toxicol. Lett. 11, 233–236.

    Google Scholar 

  200. Sowa, B. and Steibert, E. (1985) Arch. Toxicol. 56, 256–262.

    Google Scholar 

  201. Gallant, K.R. and Cherian, M.G. (1985) The Toxicologist 5, 135.

    Google Scholar 

  202. Jugo, S. (1979) In “The Biogeochemistry of Mercury in the Environment”, J.O. Nriagu ed., Elsevier/North Holland, Amsterdam, New York, Oxford, pp. 481–502.

    Google Scholar 

  203. Sasser, L.B. and Jarboe, G.E. (1980) J. Nutr. 110, 1641–1647.

    Google Scholar 

  204. Sasser, L.B. and Jarboe, G.E. (1977) Toxicol. Appl Pharmacol. 41, 423–431.

    Google Scholar 

  205. Johnson, W.T. and Evans, G.W. (1980) Proc. Soc. exptl. Biol. Med. 165, 496–501.

    Google Scholar 

  206. Johnson, W.T. and Evans, G.W. (1980) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 96, 10–17.

    Google Scholar 

  207. Mason, R., Brady, F.O. and Webb, M. (1981) Br. J. Nutr. 45, 391–399.

    Google Scholar 

  208. Webb, M. and Holt, D. (1982) Arch. Toxicol. 49, 237–245

    Google Scholar 

  209. Webb, M., Dinsdale, D. and Holt, D. (1985) In “Trace Element Metabolism in Man and Animals-V”. C.F. Mills, I. Bremner and T.K. Chesters, eds. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureau, In press.

    Google Scholar 

  210. Holt, D., Dinsdale, D. and Webb, M. (1985) Comp. Biochem. Physiol. In press.

    Google Scholar 

  211. Dinsdale, D., Holt, D. and Webb, M. (1985) Comp. Biochem. Physiol. In press.

    Google Scholar 

  212. Panemangalore, M. and Cherian, M.G. (1983) Chem. Biol. Interact. 45, 327–339.

    Google Scholar 

  213. Asokan, P. and Tandon, S.K. (1981) Environ. Res. 24, 201–206.

    Google Scholar 

  214. Wachstein, M. and Robinson, M. (1965) Fed. Proc. Fed. Am. Soc. Exp. Biol. 24, 619.

    Google Scholar 

  215. Daston, G.P., Kavlock, R.J., Rogers, E.H. and Carver, B. (1983) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 71, 24–41.

    Google Scholar 

  216. Plautz, J.R., Levin, A.A. and MiiIr, R.K. (1980) Teratol. 21, 61A.

    Google Scholar 

  217. Plautz, J.R., Levin, A.A. and Miller, R.K. (1981) Teratol. 23, 56A.

    Google Scholar 

  218. Levin, A.A., Plautz, J.R. diSant’Agnese, P.A. and Miller, R.K. (1981) Placenta Suppl. 3, 303–308.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Toxicology Unit, MRC Laboratories, Woodmansterne Road, Carshalton, Surrey, SM5 4EF, England

    Dr. M. Webb

Authors
  1. Dr. M. Webb
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biochemistry, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland

    Jeremias H. R. Kägi

  2. Dept. of Environmental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060, Japan

    Yutaka Kojima

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1987 Springer Basel AG

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Webb, M. (1987). Toxicological Significance of Metallothionein. In: Kägi, J.H.R., Kojima, Y. (eds) Metallothionein II. Experientia Supplementum, vol 52. Birkhäuser, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-6784-9_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-6784-9_6

  • Publisher Name: Birkhäuser, Basel

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-0348-6786-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-0348-6784-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation