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Tools and Methods for Identification and Analysis of Rare Antigen-Specific T Lymphocytes

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T Lymphocytes as Tools in Diagnostics and Immunotoxicology

Part of the book series: Experientia Supplementum ((EXS,volume 104))

Abstract

T lymphocytes are essential as effector and memory cells for immune defense against infections and as regulatory T cells in the establishment and maintenance of immune tolerance. However, they are also involved in immune pathology being effectors in autoimmune and allergic diseases or suppressors of immunity in cancer, and they often cause problems in transplantation. Therefore, strategies are being developed that allow the in vivo amplification or isolation, in vitro expansion and genetic manipulation of beneficial T cells for adoptive cell therapies or for the tolerization, or elimination of pathogenic T cells. The major goal is to make use of the exquisite antigen specificity of T cells to develop targeted strategies and to develop techniques that allow for the identification and depletion or enrichment of very often rare antigen-specific naïve as well as effector and memory T cells. Such techniques are very useful for immune monitoring of T cell responses in diagnostics and vaccination and for the development of T cell-based assays for the replacement of animal testing in immunotoxicology to identify contact allergens and drugs that cause adverse reactions.

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Abbreviations

ACD:

Allergic contact dermatitis

APC:

Antigen-presenting cell

CHS:

Contact hypersensitivity

CMV:

Cytomegalovirus

CSA:

Cytokine secretion assay

DNBS:

2,4-Dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid

hTCPA:

human T cell priming assay

LLNA:

Local lymph node assay

MHC:

Major histocompatibility complex

PBMC:

Peripheral blood mononuclear cell

TCR:

T cell receptor

TNBS:

2,4,6-Trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid

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  1. Allergy Research Group, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Freiburg, 79104, Freiburg, Germany

    Stefan F. Martin

  2. Miltenyi Biotec, Bergisch-Gladbach, Germany

    Sonja S. Schmucker & Anne Richter

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  1. Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany

    Stefan F. Martin

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Martin, S.F., Schmucker, S.S., Richter, A. (2014). Tools and Methods for Identification and Analysis of Rare Antigen-Specific T Lymphocytes. In: Martin, S. (eds) T Lymphocytes as Tools in Diagnostics and Immunotoxicology. Experientia Supplementum, vol 104. Springer, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-0726-5_6

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