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Antimicrobial Peptides and Inflammatory Bowel Disease

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Antimicrobial Peptides and Innate Immunity

Part of the book series: Progress in Inflammation Research ((PIR))

Abstract

The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex and multifactorial process. In the last decades, IBD was thought to originate from dysregulation of adaptive immunity networks and classified as autoimmune disorder. Recent years have witnessed a revision of this dogma, and spurred by the findings of genome-wide association studies, defects in the mucosal barrier are now regarded as central to IBD pathogenesis. The major components of the barrier are the epithelial cell lining, the mucus layer, commensal bacteria, and an arsenal of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). The expression pattern of these antimicrobials (e.g., defensins or cathelicidin-LL-37) in the human intestine has been elucidated over the last years, and numerous alterations were detected in IBD, especially in Crohn’s disease of the ileum. The α-defensin HD-5 is secreted in large quantities by Paneth cells, which are small epithelial cells at the bases of intestinal crypts. Variations in genes which show the highest linkage to Crohn’s disease affect proteins involved in Paneth cell degranulation. In addition to an outline of the strong associations between defective AMP secretion and ileal Crohn’s disease, defensin expression and function in colonic Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis will be covered in this chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Internal Medicine I, Robert Bosch Hospital, 70376, Stuttgart, Germany

    Simon Jäger, Eduard F. Stange & Jan Wehkamp

  2. Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Auerbachstr. 112, 70376, Stuttgart, Germany

    Simon Jäger, Eduard F. Stange & Jan Wehkamp

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  1. Simon Jäger
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  2. Eduard F. Stange
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  3. Jan Wehkamp
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Correspondence to Jan Wehkamp .

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  1. , Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2300 RC, Netherlands

    Pieter S. Hiemstra

  2. Ctr for Infection & Immun. Amsterdam, Dept. Medical Microbiology, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 15, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Netherlands

    Sebastian A. J. Zaat

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Jäger, S., Stange, E.F., Wehkamp, J. (2013). Antimicrobial Peptides and Inflammatory Bowel Disease. In: Hiemstra, P., Zaat, S. (eds) Antimicrobial Peptides and Innate Immunity. Progress in Inflammation Research. Springer, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-0541-4_10

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