Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Who are Physicians Talking to on Social Media? Needed Data Literacy and Visual Literacy of the Assumed Audience(s) of COVID-19 Vaccination Posts

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Information Experience and Information Literacy (ECIL 2023)

Part of the book series: Communications in Computer and Information Science ((CCIS,volume 2042))

Included in the following conference series:

  • 196 Accesses

Abstract

The manuscript focuses on the partial results of a project on the effectiveness of social media posts by medical experts to encourage people to be vaccinated against COVID-19. It demonstrates how the authors of the posts used scientific data, visualizations thereof, and sources of information. 220 posts from 49 profiles of doctors selected purposively qualified for the study and were examined using a content analysis technique. The article explores the results obtained for the selected categories. 54% of the analyzed posts did not present data at all. The rest cited the vaccine efficacy data the most frequently. Foreign scientific research and the Polish government or public agencies dominated data sources. The most frequently linked profiles were these of other experts and the visual elements such as photos and infographics. The results are discussed from the perspective of the data literacy and visual literacy (as dimensions of digital literacy) of the assumed audiences.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 59.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 79.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Dib, F., Mayaud, P., Chauvin, P., Launay, O.: Online mis/disinformation and vaccine hesitancy in the era of COVID-19: why we need an eHealth literacy revolution. Hum. Vaccines Immunother. 18(1), 1–3 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2021.1874218

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Digital 2022: Global Overview Report, https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2022-global-overview-report

  3. Puri, N., Coomes, E.A., Haghbayan, H., Gunaratne, K.: Social media and vaccine hesitancy: new updates for the era of COVID-19 and globalized infectious diseases. Hum. Vaccin. Immunother. 16(11), 2586–2593 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2020.1780846

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Loomba, S., de Figueiredo, A., Piatek, S.J., et al.: Measuring the impact of COVID-19 vaccine misinformation on vaccination intent in the UK and USA. Nat. Hum. Behav. 5, 337–348 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-021-01056-1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Cinelli, M., et al.: The COVID-19 Social Media Infodemic. (2020). https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.05004

  6. Jennings, W., et al.: Lack of trust, conspiracy beliefs, and social media use predict COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Vaccines 9(6), 593 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9060593

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Clark, S.E., Bledsoe, M.C., Harrison, C.J.: The role of social media in promoting vaccine hesitancy. Curr. Opin. Pediatr. 34(2), 156–162 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1097/MOP.0000000000001111

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Al-Uqdah, L., Franklin, F.A., Chiu, C.C., et al.: Associations between social media engagement and vaccine hesitancy. J. Community Health 47, 577–587 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10900-022-01081-9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Ouyang, H., Ma, X., Wu, X.: The prevalence and determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the age of infodemic. Hum Vaccin Immunother 18(1), 2013694 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2021.2013694

  10. Erinç, Z., Eliaçık, K., Ince, G., et al.: Understanding vaccine hesitancy: social isolation in relation to social media addiction and COVID-19 anxiety. Cureus 14(9), e29705 (2022). https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.29705

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Mascherini, M., Nivakoski, S.: Social media use and vaccine hesitancy in the European Union. Vaccine 40(14), 2215–2225 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.02.059

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Yuan, X., Schuchard, R.J., Crooks, A.T.: Examining emergent communities and social bots within the polarized online vaccination debate in Twitter. Social Media + Society 5(3), 205630511986546 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305119865465

  13. Callaghan, T., et al.: Correlates and disparities of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. SSRN (2020). https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3667971

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Roozenbeek, J., et al.: Susceptibility to misinformation about COVID-19 around the world. R. Soc. Open Sci. 7, 201199 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.201199

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Gilster, P.: Digital Literacy. Wiley Computer Publications, New York (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Calzada Prado, J., Marzal, M.Á.: Incorporating data literacy into information literacy programs: Core competencies and contents. Libri 63(2), 123–134 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Debruyne, C., et al.: DALIDA: Data Literacy Discussion Workshops for Adults. In Companion Publication of the 13th ACM Web Science Conference 2021 (WebSci ‘21 Companion), 23–25 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1145/3462741.3466662

  18. Carlson, J. R., Fosmire, M., Miller, C., Sapp N., Megan R.: Determining data information literacy needs: a study of students and research faculty. libraries faculty and staff scholarship and research. Paper 23. (2011) https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/lib_fsdocs/23

  19. Pothier, W.G., Condon, P.B.: Towards data literacy competencies: business students, workforce needs, and the role of the librarian. University library scholarship. 119 (2019). https://scholars.unh.edu/library_pub/119

  20. Avgerinou, M.D., Ericson, J.: A review of the concept of visual literacy. Br. J. Edu. Technol. 28(4), 280–291 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Mason, R., Morphet, T., Prosalendis, S.: Reading Scientific Images: The iconography of evolution. HSRC Press, Cape Town (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Association of College & Research Libraries. The Framework for Visual Literacy in Higher Education Approved by the ACRL Board of Directors. (2022). https://www.ala.org/acrl/sites/ala.org.acrl/files/content/standards/Framework_Companion_Visual_Literacy.pdf

  23. Jordaan, C., Jordaan, D.: The case for formal visual literacy teaching in higher education. South African J. Higher Educ. 27(1), 76–92 (2013). https://doi.org/10.10520/EJC14279

  24. Houts, P.S., et al.: The role of pictures in improving health communication: a review of research on attention, comprehension, recall, and adherence. Patient Educ. Couns. 61(2), 173–190 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Brumberger, E.: Visual literacy and the digital native: an examination of the millennial learner. J. Vis. Literacy 30(1), 19–47 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1080/23796529.2011.11674683

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Mandinach, E.B., Gummer, E.S.: Data Literacy for Educators: Making It Count in Teacher Preparation and Practice. Teachers College Press (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Shelby, A., Ernst, K.: Story and Science. Hum Vaccin Immunother 9(8), 1795–1801 (2013). https://doi.org/10.4161/hv.24828

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Chen, T., Dredze, M.: Vaccine images on twitter: analysis of what images are shared. J. Med. Internet Res. 20(4), e130 (2018). https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.8221

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Johnson, N.F., Velásquez, N., Restrepo, N.J., et al.: The online competition between pro- and anti-vaccination views. Nature 582, 230–233 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2281-1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Massey, P.M., Budenz, A., Leader, A., Fisher, K., Klassen, A.C., Yom-Tov, E.: What drives health professionals to tweet about #hpvvaccine? identifying strategies for effective communication. Prev. Chronic Dis. 15, E26 (2018). https://doi.org/10.5888/pcd15.170320

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Yammine, S.: Going viral: how to boost the spread of coronavirus science on social media. Nature 581(7808), 345–346 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-01356-y

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Shoup, J.A., Wagner, N.M., Kraus, C.R., Narwaney, K.J., Goddard, K.S., Glanz, J.M.: Development of an interactive social media tool for parents with concerns about vaccines. Health Educ. Behav. 42(3), 302–312 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198114557129

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Nutbeam, D.: Health literacy as a public health goal: a challenge for contemporary health education and communication strategies into the 21st century. Health Promot. Int. 15(3), 259–267 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Carmi, E., Yates, S. J., Lockley, E., Pawluczuk, A.: Data citizenship: rethinking data literacy in the age of disinformation, misinformation, and malinformation. Internet Policy Rev. 9(2), 1–22 (2020). https://doi.org/10.14763/2020.2.1481

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland

    Karolina Brylska

Authors
  1. Karolina Brylska
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Karolina Brylska .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye

    Serap Kurbanoğlu

  2. University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia

    Sonja Špiranec

  3. Université Gustav Eiffel, Paris, France

    Joumana Boustany

  4. Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye

    Yurdagül Ünal

  5. Hacettepe University, Ankara, Türkiye

    İpek Şencan

  6. University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia

    Denis Kos

  7. University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Esther Grassian

  8. University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Diane Mizrachi

  9. The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA

    Loriene Roy

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Brylska, K. (2024). Who are Physicians Talking to on Social Media? Needed Data Literacy and Visual Literacy of the Assumed Audience(s) of COVID-19 Vaccination Posts. In: Kurbanoğlu, S., et al. Information Experience and Information Literacy. ECIL 2023. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 2042. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-53001-2_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-53001-2_8

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-53000-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-53001-2

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation