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Ultrasound Imaging in Andrology

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Andrology

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Abstract

Male genital tract ultrasound (MGT-US) represents an essential diagnostic tool in andrology. Scrotal US has shown a relevant impact on reproductive and general male health, assessing features related to reproductive health, scrotal pain, masses, and trauma. Transrectal US has assumed growing relevance in infertility and chronic pelvic pain assessment. Penile US is widely used to investigate erectile dysfunction, structural penile abnormalities, and priapism. Finally, US can assess male breast abnormalities such as gynecomastia, lipomastia, and lesions.

Until very recent years, MGT-US lacked standardization. Recently, thanks to international societies including the European Academy of Andrology, several standards in US have been achieved. We report here normal MGT-US anatomy and analyze MGT-US abnormalities in relation to male reproductive and general health. In addition, we report here the standards in andrological US as derived from recent guidelines and evidence-based studies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Andrology, Female Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

    Francesco Lotti

  2. Center of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology of the University, Münster, Germany

    Michael Zitzmann

  3. Center for Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital Halle (Saale), Halle (Saale), Germany

    Hermann M. Behre

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  1. Francesco Lotti
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  2. Michael Zitzmann
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany

    Eberhard Nieschlag

  2. Center for Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital Halle (Saale), Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany

    Hermann M. Behre

  3. Center for Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany

    Sabine Kliesch

  4. Center for Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany

    Susan Nieschlag

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Lotti, F., Zitzmann, M., Behre, H.M. (2023). Ultrasound Imaging in Andrology. In: Nieschlag, E., Behre, H.M., Kliesch, S., Nieschlag, S. (eds) Andrology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31574-9_6

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