Abstract
Tuber magnatum Picco, the Italian white truffle, and T. borchii Vittad., the bianchetto truffle, are two European white truffles that command high prices because of their excellent gastronomic properties and unique aromas. Indeed, T. magnatum is one of the most expensive culinary delicacies. Although cultivation of T. borchii began nearly 200 years after the Périgord black truffle (Tuber melanosporum Vittad.), it has rapidly met with market approval and is now cultivated not only in Europe but in countries outside of Europe where this truffle does not grow naturally. In contrast, reliable methods for cultivating T. magnatum have only just been developed which hopefully will quickly lead to its widespread cultivation. In this chapter, we present an overview of the distribution, economic importance, a taxonomic appraisal, genetic resource characterization and conservation, and review current cultivation practices. We also review recent biotechnology developments and their potential application for cultivation and domestication of T. magnatum. The future prospects of genetic engineering for improving truffle strain characteristics are also addressed.
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Appendix: White Truffle Research Institutions
Appendix: White Truffle Research Institutions
Institution name | Specialization and research activities | Address | Contact person and website |
|---|---|---|---|
University of Bologna | Truffle cultivation and biology | Via Fanin 44,40127 Bologna, Italy | Alessandra Zambonelli |
alessandr.zambonelli@unibo.it | |||
University of L’Aquila | Truffle phylogeny | Via Vetoio, 67100 Coppito – L’Aquila, Italy | Mirco Iotti |
https://mesva.univaq.it/?q=docenti/scheda/Iotti%20Mirco | |||
Truffles and Mushrooms (Consulting) Ltd. | Edible ecomycorrhizal fungi cultivation | P.O. Box 268, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand | Ian R. Hall |
truffle@trufflesandmushrooms.co.nz | |||
INRA- Nancy (France) | Truffle genomics and cultivation | 54280 Champenoux France | Claude Murat |
claude.murat@inra.fr | |||
Ispr. CNR | Truffle ecology and metagenomics | Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, Italy | Antonietta Mello |
antonietta.mello@ipsp.cnr.it | |||
Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main | Truffle aroma | Gebäudeteil N100, Raum 2.08 Max-von-Laue-Str. 960438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany | Richard Splivallo |
splivallo@bio.uni-frankfurt.de | |||
University of Urbino | Truffle aroma and gene expression | Via A. Saffi, 2 – 61029 Urbino (PU), Italy | Antonella Amicucci |
antonella.amicucci@uniurb.it | |||
University of Perugia | Truffle cultivation | Borgo XX giugno, 74, 06121 Perugia, Italy | Domizia Donnini |
domizia.donnini@unipg.it | |||
Michigan State University | Truffle biology | 1066 Bogue Street – Rm 286A, East Lansing, 48824 USA | Gregory Bonito |
bonito@msu.edu | |||
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Zambonelli, A., Iotti, M., Puliga, F., Hall, I.R. (2021). Enhancing White Truffle (Tuber magnatum Picco and T. borchii Vittad.) Cultivation Through Biotechnology Innovation. In: Al-Khayri, J.M., Jain, S.M., Johnson, D.V. (eds) Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies: Vegetable Crops. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66969-0_14
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