Abstract
This study explores the design of an On-Demand Multimodal Transit System (ODMTS) that includes segmented mode switching models that decide whether potential riders adopt the new ODMTS or stay with their personal vehicles. It is motivated by the desire of transit agencies to design their network by taking into account both existing and latent demand, as quality of service improves. The paper presents a bilevel optimization where the leader problem designs the network and each rider has a follower problem to decide her best route through the ODMTS. The bilevel model is solved by a decomposition algorithm that combines traditional Benders cuts with combinatorial cuts to ensure the consistency of mode choices by the leader and follower problems. The approach is evaluated on a case study using historical data from Ann Arbor, Michigan, and a user choice model based on the income levels of the potential transit riders.
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Notes
- 1.
The results in this paper generalize to other subsidies and pricing models, and they will be discussed in the extended version of the paper.
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This research is partly supported by NSF Leap HI proposal NSF-1854684.
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Basciftci, B., Van Hentenryck, P. (2020). Bilevel Optimization for On-Demand Multimodal Transit Systems. In: Hebrard, E., Musliu, N. (eds) Integration of Constraint Programming, Artificial Intelligence, and Operations Research. CPAIOR 2020. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12296. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58942-4_4
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