Abstract
In this study, we analyze the hydroclimate of the Faleme basin which is a major tributary in the Senegal River Basin. This basin has faced hydrological droughts that have negatively affected rainfed agriculture, the economic development and have enhanced poverty. The main objective of this work is to investigate the variability and the changes of the basin hydroclimate during the past and the future under 1.5 and 2 ℃ global warming. Extreme precipitations analysis at Kidira (outlet of the basin) exhibit two noticeable periods 1950–1980 and 1981–2010; in the first period wet day’s frequency and rainfall intensity decrease considerably. In the second period, the rainfall intensity, the consecutive dry days decrease while consecutive wet days, wet day frequency increase. Over the whole basin from 1901 to 2013, a general annual deficit is noticed with the simplified water balance, and the standardized precipitation from 1970 to 2010. As for the future changes over the basin by analyzing three regional climate models (RCA4, RACMO22, CCLM) simulations, rainfall is likely to increase under both warming conditions. Potential evapotranspiration from Penman is projected to increase with the highest magnitudes under 2 ℃. Moreover, hydrological simulation with the GR4J model, project slight increase of river discharge in the coming decades. However, the simplified water balance shows drier conditions under both warming scenarios. Therefore, water saving technologies, crop resistant to higher evapotranspiration, and integrated water resources management should be developed and promoted in order to reduce the adverse effects of climate change.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
IPCC: Summary for policymakers. In: Field, C.B., et al. (eds.) Climate Change 2014. Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Part A: Global and Sectoral Aspects. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, pp. 1–32. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge and NewYork (2014)
IPCC: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability – Contribution of Working Group II to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Third Assessment Report, 1032 p. (2001)
Mouri, G., Takizawa, S., Oki, T.: Spatial and temporal variation in nutrient parameters in stream water in a rural–urban catchment, Shikoku, Japan: effects of land cover and human impact. J. Environ. Manag. 92(7), 1837–1848 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2011.03.005
Enda-TM: climate change adaptation and water resources management in West Africa. Synthesis report, WRITESHOP, Dakar, Senegal, 95 p. (2007)
Oyebande, L., Odunuga, S.: Climate change impact on water resources at the transboundary level in West Africa: the cases of the Senegal, Niger and Volta Basins. Open Hydr. J. 4(1), 163–172 (2010). https://doi.org/10.2174/1874378101004010163
Mbaye, M.L., Diatta, S., Gaye, A.T.: Climate change signals over senegal river basin using regional climate models of the CORDEX Africa simulations. In: Kebe, C., Gueye, A., Ndiaye, A., Garba, A. (eds.) InterSol 2018. LNICST, vol. 249, pp. 123–132. Springer, Cham (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98878-8_12
Mbaye, M.L., Sylla, M.B., Tall, M.: Impacts of 1.5 and 2.0 ℃ global warming on water balance components over Senegal in West Africa. Atmosphere 10(11), 712 (2019). https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos10110712
Harris, I., Jones, P.D., Osborn, T.J., Lister, D.H.: Updated high-resolution grids of monthly climatic observations the CRU TS3.10 dataset. Int. J. Climatol. (2013). https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.3711
Giorgi, F., Jones, C., Asrar, G.: Addressing climate information needs at the regional level: the CORDEX framework. World Meteorol. Organ. Bull. 58, 175–183 (2009). http://wcrp.ipsl.jussieu.fr/cordex/documents/CORDEX_giorgi_WMO.pdf
Sylla, M.B., Faye, A., Giorgi, F., Diedhiou, A., Kunstmann, H.: Projected heat stress under 1.5 ℃ and 2 ℃ global warming scenarios creates unprecedented discomfort for humans in West Africa. Earth’s Future 6(7), 1029–1044 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1029/2018EF000873
Perrin, C., Michel, C., Andréassian, V.: Improvement of a parsimonious model for streamflow simulation. J. Hydrol. 2003(279), 275–289 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(03)00225-7
https://webgr.irstea.fr/modeles/journalier-gr4j-2/fonctionnement_gr4j/. Accessed 21 Dec 2019
Liu, L., Xu, H., Wang, Y., Jiang, T.: Impacts of 1.5 and 2 ℃ global warming on water availability and extreme hydrological events in Yiluo and Beijiang River catchments in China. Clim. Change 145(1), 145–158 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-017-2072-3
Giannini, A., Salack, S., Lodoun, T., Ali, A., Gaye, A.T., Ndiaye, O.: A unifying view of climate change in the Sahel linking intra-seasonal, interannual and longer time scales. Environ. Res. Lett. 8, 024010 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/2/024010
Ruti, P.M., et al.: The West African climate system: a review of the AMMA model inter-comparison initiatives. Atmosph. Sci. Lett. 12, 116–122 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1029/2018EF000873
Mbaye, M.L., Haensler, A., Hagemann, S., Gaye, A.T., Moseley, C., Afouda, A.: Impact of statistical bias correction on the projected climate change signals of the regional climate model REMO over the Senegal River Basin. Int. J. Climatol. (2015). https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.4478
Nangombe, S.S., Zhou, T., Zhang, W., Zou, L., Li, D.: High‐temperature extreme events over Africa under 1.5 and 2 ℃ of global warming. J. Geophys. Res.: Atmos. 124, 4413–4428 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JD029747
Giannini, A., Saravanan, R., Chang, P.: Oceanic forcing of Sahel rainfall on interannual to interdecadal time scales. Science 302, 1027–1030 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1089357
Acknowledgments
The authors thank the Laboratoire d’Océanographie, des Sciences de l’Environnement et du Climat (LOSEC) of the University of Assane Seck, Ziguinchor were the work has been mainly done. The authors would like to thank also Babacar Faye and the anonymous reviewers for their valuable suggestions and comments to improve the quality of the paper. We are further thankful to AWARD and the One Planet Fellowship for the scientific skills acquired during the science week in Morocco.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 ICST Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering
About this paper
Cite this paper
Mbaye, M.L., Sy, K., Faty, B., Sall, S.M. (2020). Hydroclimate Analysis Under 1.5 and 2 ℃ Global Warming in the Faleme River Basin. In: Thorn, J., Gueye, A., Hejnowicz, A. (eds) Innovations and Interdisciplinary Solutions for Underserved Areas. InterSol 2020. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, vol 321. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51051-0_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51051-0_9
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-51050-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-51051-0
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)