Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Spatial Knowledge Acquisition for Cognitive Maps in Autonomous Vehicles

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics. Cognition and Design (HCII 2020)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 12187))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

Known as maplike representations of the environment, which humans build and store in mind overtime, cognitive maps are an essential element of spatial knowledge that benefit individuals from travel planning to wayfinding. Considering, on one hand, that active interaction with the environment leads to better spatial knowledge acquisition than passive exposure and, on the other, that fully autonomous vehicles will eliminate the need to driving cars, i.e., being only passengers and not drivers, it is of great importance to understand the impact of autonomous vehicles on human cognitive maps. In this paper, we conducted an online survey and analyzed responses from 204 participants to understand this impact. We found a significant interaction effect of the frequencies of driving and riding as passengers on the reported spatial knowledge. Further analysis indicated main effects of riding frequency for frequent drivers and driving frequency among non-frequent passengers. Variations in specific aspects of cognitive maps were also identified, all of which provided preliminary insights into the possible effect of autonomous vehicles on human spatial knowledge.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. APTA public transportation fact book. https://www.apta.com/wp-content/uploads/Resources/resources/statistics/Documents/FactBook/2018-APTA-Fact-Book.pdf. Accessed 1 Jan 2020

  2. Aslan, I., Schwalm, M., Baus, J., Krüger, A., Schwartz, T.: Acquisition of spatial knowledge in location aware mobile pedestrian navigation systems. In: Proceedings of the 8th Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services, pp. 105–108 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Bennett, A.T.: Do animals have cognitive maps? J. Exp. Biol. 199(1), 219–224 (1996)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Buhrmester, M., Kwang, T., Gosling, S.D.: Amazon’s mechanical turk: A new source of inexpensive, yet high-quality, data? Perspectives on Psychological Science (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Burnett, G.E., Lee, K.: The effect of vehicle navigation systems on the formation of cognitive maps. In: International Conference of Traffic and Transport Psychology (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Chandler, J., Mueller, P., Paolacci, G.: Nonnaïveté among Amazon Mechanical Turk workers: consequences and solutions for behavioral researchers. Behav. Res. Methods 46(1), 112–130 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Chrastil, E.R., Warren, W.H.: Active and passive spatial learning in human navigation: acquisition of survey knowledge. J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. Memory Cogn. 39(5), 1520 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Chrastil, E.R., Warren, W.H.: Active and passive spatial learning in human navigation: acquisition of graph knowledge. J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. Memory Cogn. 41(4), 1162 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Downs, R.M., Stea, D.: Maps in Minds: Reflections on Cognitive Mapping. HarperCollins Publishers, New York (1977)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Endsley, M.R., Kiris, E.O.: The out-of-the-loop performance problem and level of control in automation. Human Factors 37(2), 381–394 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Forster, Y., Naujoks, F., Neukum, A.: Your turn or my turn? Design of a human-machine interface for conditional automation. In: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications, pp. 253–260 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Hegarty, M., Richardson, A.E., Montello, D.R., Lovelace, K., Subbiah, I.: Development of a self-report measure of environmental spatial ability. Intelligence 30(5), 425–447 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Ishikawa, T., Montello, D.R.: Spatial knowledge acquisition from direct experience in the environment: individual differences in the development of metric knowledge and the integration of separately learned places. Cogn. Psychol. 52(2), 93–129 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Ishikawa, T., Takahashi, K.: Relationships between methods for presenting information on navigation tools and users’ wayfinding behavior. Cartographic Perspect. 75, 17–28 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  15. León, M., Bello, R., Vanhoof, K.: Cognitive maps in transport behavior. In: 2009 Eighth Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pp. 179–184. IEEE (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Minaei, N.: Do modes of transportation and gps affect cognitive maps of Londoners? Transp. Res. Part A Policy Pract. 70, 162–180 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Mondschein, A., Blumenberg, E., Taylor, B.: Accessibility and cognition: the effect of transport mode on spatial knowledge. Urban Stud. 47(4), 845–866 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Montello, D.R., Lovelace, K.L., Golledge, R.G., Self, C.M.: Sex-related differences and similarities in geographic and environmental spatial abilities. Ann. Assoc. Am. Geogr. 89(3), 515–534 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Parush, A., Ahuvia, S., Erev, I.: Degradation in spatial knowledge acquisition when using automatic navigation systems. In: Winter, S., Duckham, M., Kulik, L., Kuipers, B. (eds.) COSIT 2007. LNCS, vol. 4736, pp. 238–254. Springer, Heidelberg (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74788-8_15

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  20. Pfleging, B., Rang, M., Broy, N.: Investigating user needs for non-driving-related activities during automated driving. In: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia, pp. 91–99 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  21. SAE International: Taxonomy and definitions for terms related to on-road motor vehicle automated driving systems. https://www.sae.org/standards/content/j3016_201806/. Accessed 1 Jan 2020

  22. Sarter, N.B., Woods, D.D., Billings, C.E., et al.: Automation surprises. In: Handbook of human Factors and Ergonomics, vol. 2, pp. 1926–1943 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Schinazi, V.R., Nardi, D., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Hippocampal size predicts rapid learning of a cognitive map in humans. Hippocampus 23(6), 515–528 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Tefft, B.: American driving survey, 2015–2016 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Thrun, S.: Simultaneous localization and mapping. In: Jefferies, M.E., Yeap, W.K. (eds.) Robotics and Cognitive Approaches to Spatial Mapping, pp. 13–41. Springer, Heidelberg (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-75388-9_3

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  26. Tolman, E.C.: Cognitive maps in rats and men. Psychol. Rev. 55(4), 189 (1948)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Trösterer, S., et al.: You never forget how to drive: driver skilling and deskilling in the advent of autonomous vehicles. In: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications, pp. 209–216 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Walch, M., Sieber, T., Hock, P., Baumann, M., Weber, M.: Towards cooperative driving: involving the driver in an autonomous vehicle’s decision making. In: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications, pp. 261–268 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Weisberg, S.M., Schinazi, V.R., Newcombe, N.S., Shipley, T.F., Epstein, R.A.: Variations in cognitive maps: understanding individual differences in navigation. J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. Memory Cogn. 40(3), 669 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Wiener, J.M., Büchner, S.J., Hölscher, C.: Taxonomy of human wayfinding tasks: a knowledge-based approach. Spat. Cogn. Comput. 9(2), 152–165 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15230, USA

    Yue Qin & Hassan A. Karimi

Authors
  1. Yue Qin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Hassan A. Karimi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yue Qin .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Coventry University, Coventry, UK

    Don Harris

  2. Cranfield University, Cranfield, UK

    Wen-Chin Li

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Qin, Y., Karimi, H.A. (2020). Spatial Knowledge Acquisition for Cognitive Maps in Autonomous Vehicles. In: Harris, D., Li, WC. (eds) Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics. Cognition and Design. HCII 2020. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12187. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49183-3_30

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49183-3_30

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-49182-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-49183-3

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation