Abstract
Raynaud’s phenomenon is an episodic, circumferential, well-demarcated pallor or cyanosis seen in the digits, tip of the nose, earlobes and tip of the tongue (Belch, Vasa 46(6):413–423, 2017). It can be either a primary phenomenon or secondary to another cause. It is distinct from other forms of episodic color changes in the extremities such as acrocyanosis, erythromelalgia, livedo and spontaneous venous hemorrhage. Abnormal vasoreactivity is common to those individuals with multiple types of episodic color changes.
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Gerhard-Herman, M., Aday, A. (2020). Vasospastic Disease. In: Manual of Vascular Medicine. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44715-1_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44715-1_6
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