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The Human Facial Skeleton: Influence on the Airway and Aesthetics? An Analysis of Cause/Effect Paradigms

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Rethinking Rhinoplasty and Facial Surgery

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Abstract

The extent of protrusion of the facial bones has diminished over the course of hominid evolution and may be continuing to do so. This process may, through structural changes of the maxilla and mandible, be resulting in what we see as an aesthetic deformity of the receded chin. Beyond this simple aesthetic problem, the petite jaws may predispose individuals to mouth-breathing and extrusion externally of the nasal septum, resulting in nasal deformity and deviation. The structural problem may also relate to sleep disordered breathing.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA

    Howard D. Stupak

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Stupak, H.D. (2020). The Human Facial Skeleton: Influence on the Airway and Aesthetics? An Analysis of Cause/Effect Paradigms. In: Rethinking Rhinoplasty and Facial Surgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44674-1_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44674-1_4

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