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Parathyroid Glands in CKD: Anatomy, Histology, Physiology and Molecular Biology in CKD

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Parathyroid Glands in Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease is a condition in which parathyroid are affected by a combination of elevated extracellular phosphate concentration, decreased extracellular ionized calcium concentration, and markedly reduced serum calcitriol, leading to increased PTH synthesis and release. At early stages in the development of hyperparathyroidism, these changes are compounded of variable down-regulation of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) and vitamin D receptor (VDR), making the parathyroid cells unable to respond appropriately to calcium and/or calcitriol. The resulting increase in proliferative activity in the parathyroid glands leads to parathyroid hyperplasia.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Renal Division, Department of Health Sciences, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, University of Milan, Milan, Italy

    Mario Cozzolino, Paola Monciino, Michela Frittoli, Francesco Perna, Eliana Fasulo & Roberta Casazza

  2. Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology, and Metabolism, Tokai University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Kanagawa, 259-1193, Japan

    Masafumi Fugakawa

  3. Renal Division and Laboratory of Experimental Nephrology, Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università di Milano, Renal Division, S. Paolo Hospital, Via A. di Rudinì, 8, 20142, Milan, Italy

    Mario Cozzolino

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  1. Mario Cozzolino
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  2. Paola Monciino
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  3. Michela Frittoli
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  4. Francesco Perna
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  5. Eliana Fasulo
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  6. Roberta Casazza
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  7. Masafumi Fugakawa
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Correspondence to Mario Cozzolino .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Internal Medicine - Nephrology, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași, Romania

    Adrian Covic

  2. Renal Unit, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Hospital, London, UK

    David Goldsmith

  3. Nephrology-Dialysis Service, AURA Nord Saint Ouen, Saint Ouen, France

    Pablo A. Ureña Torres

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Cozzolino, M. et al. (2020). Parathyroid Glands in CKD: Anatomy, Histology, Physiology and Molecular Biology in CKD. In: Covic, A., Goldsmith, D., Ureña Torres, P. (eds) Parathyroid Glands in Chronic Kidney Disease. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43769-5_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43769-5_1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-43768-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-43769-5

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