Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Micro-Optics and Energy pp 85–114Cite as

Low-Grade Waste Heat to Hydrogen

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Abstract

Industrial waste heat is a source of energy that is currently not fully utilised. On a global scale, the total amount of waste heat accounts for more than 40% of the total energy use, meaning almost half of the energy consumed is wasted as heat [1]. The waste heat potential in the EU has been estimated to be 304 TWh/year [2]. Utilising this waste heat provides economic and environmental benefits. For example, in 2013, it was estimated to cost about 370 million USD for reducing CO2 equivalent (CO2 eq) emissions from waste heat from industries in the United Kingdom [3]. The EU addressed this issue with a policy that recommends a reduction in GHG emissions by 40% and improvements to energy efficiency by 27% in the transportation and industrial sectors by 2030. Also, the use of H2 in the transportation sector was identified to be an alternative solution that caters to both energy efficiency and reduced CO2 emissions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Miró L, Brückner S, Cabeza LF (2015) Mapping and discussing industrial waste heat (IWH) potentials for different countries. Renew Sust Energ Rev 51:847–855

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Papapetrou M, Kosmadakis G, Cipollina A, La Commare U, Micale G (2018) Industrial waste heat: estimation of the technically available resource in the EU per industrial sector, temperature level and country. Appl Therm Eng 138:207–216

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Law R, Harvey A, Reay D (2013) Opportunities for low-grade heat recovery in the UK food processing industry. Appl Therm Eng 53(2):188–196

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Kim T, Rahimi M, Logan BE, Gorski CA (2016) Harvesting energy from salinity differences using battery electrodes in a concentration flow cell. Environ Sci Technol 50(17):9791–9797

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Tamburini A, Tedesco M, Cipollina A, Micale G, Ciofalo M, Papapetrou M et al (2017) Reverse electrodialysis heat engine for sustainable power production. Appl Energy 206:1334–1353

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Vermaas DA, Kunteng D, Saakes M, Nijmeijer K (2013) Fouling in reverse electrodialysis under natural conditions. Water Res 47(3):1289–1298

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Luo X, Cao X, Mo Y, Xiao K, Zhang X, Liang P et al (2012) Power generation by coupling reverse electrodialysis and ammonium bicarbonate: implication for recovery of waste heat. Electrochem Commun 19(1):25–28

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Hatzell MC, Logan BE (2013) Evaluation of flow fields on bubble removal and system performance in an ammonium bicarbonate reverse electrodialysis stack. J Memb Sci 446:449–455

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Zhu X, He W, Logan BE (2015) Influence of solution concentration and salt types on the performance of reverse electrodialysis cells. J Memb Sci 494:154–160

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Kwon K, Park BH, Kim DH, Kim D (2015) Parametric study of reverse electrodialysis using ammonium bicarbonate solution for low-grade waste heat recovery. Energy Convers Manag 103:104–110

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Bevacqua M, Carubia A, Cipollina A, Tamburini A, Tedesco M, Micale G (2016) Performance of a RED system with ammonium hydrogen carbonate solutions. Desalin Water Treat 57(48–49):23007–23018

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Hatzell MC, Ivanov ID, Cusick R, Zhu X, Logan BE (2014) Comparison of hydrogen production and electrical power generation for energy capture in closed-loop ammonium bicarbonate reverse electrodialysis systems. Phys Chem Chem Phys 16(4):1632–1638

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Nazemi M, Zhang J, Hatzell MC (2017) Harvesting natural salinity gradient energy for hydrogen production through reverse electrodialysis power generation. J Electrochem Energy Convers Storage 14(2):020702

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Chen X, Jiang C, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Xu T (2017) Storable hydrogen production by reverse electro-electrodialysis (REED). J Memb Sci 544:397–405

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Kim DH, Park BH, Kwon K, Li L, Kim D (2017) Modeling of power generation with thermolytic reverse electrodialysis for low-grade waste heat recovery. Appl Energy 189:201–210

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Bevacqua M, Tamburini A, Papapetrou M, Cipollina A, Micale G, Piacentino A (2017) Reverse electrodialysis with NH4HCO3-water systems for heat-to-power conversion. Energy 137:1293–1307

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Turek M, Bandura B (2007 Feb) Renewable energy by reverse electrodialysis. Desalination 205(1–3):67–74

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Post JW, Goeting CH, Valk J, Goinga S, Veerman J, Hamelers HVM et al (2010) Towards implementation of reverse electrodialysis for power generation from salinity gradients. Desalin Water Treat 16(1–3):182–193

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Daniilidis A, Herber R, Vermaas DA (2014) Upscale potential and financial feasibility of a reverse electrodialysis power plant. Appl Energy 119:257–265

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Weiner AM, McGovern RK, Lienhard VJH (2015) A new reverse electrodialysis design strategy which significantly reduces the levelized cost of electricity. J Memb Sci 493:605–614

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Micari M, Cipollina A, Giacalone F, Kosmadakis G, Papapetrou M, Zaragoza G et al (2019) Towards the first proof of the concept of a reverse electrodialysis – membrane distillation heat engine. Desalination 453:77–88

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Giacalone F, Papapetrou M, Kosmadakis G, Tamburini A, Micale G, Cipollina A (2019) Application of reverse electrodialysis to site-specific types of saline solutions: a techno-economic assessment. Energy 181:532–547

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Papapetrou M, Kosmadakis G, Giacalone F, Ortega-Delgado B, Cipollina A, Tamburini A et al (2019) Evaluation of the economic and environmental performance of low-temperature heat to power conversion using a reverse electrodialysis – multi-effect distillation system. Energies 12(17):3206

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Raka YD, Karoliussen H, Lien KM, Burheim OS (2019) Opportunities and challenges for thermally driven hydrogen production using reverse electrodialysis system. J Hydrog Energy 45:1212–1225

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Kim YP, Seinfeld JH (1995) Atmospheric gas-aerosol equilibrium: IV. Thermodynamics of carbonates. Aerosol Sci Technol 23(2):131–154

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Burheim OS (2017) Electrochemical energy storage. In: Engineering energy storage. Academic, Cambridge, pp 1–76

    Google Scholar 

  27. Daniilidis A, Vermaas DA, Herber R, Nijmeijer K (2014) Experimentally obtainable energy from mixing river water, seawater or brines with reverse electrodialysis. Renew Energy 64:123–131

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Post JW, Hamelers HVM, Buisman CJN (2008) Energy recovery from controlled mixing salt and fresh water with a reverse electrodialysis system. Environ Sci Technol 42(15):5785–5790

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Długoł ȩcki P, Gambier A, Nijmeijer K, Wessling M (2009) Practical potential of reverse electrodialysis as process for sustainable energy generation. Environ Sci Technol 43(17):6888–6894

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Veerman J, Post JW, Saakes M, Metz SJ, Harmsen GJ (2008) Reducing power losses caused by ionic shortcut currents in reverse electrodialysis stacks by a validated model. J Memb Sci 310(1–2):418–430

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Millet P, Grigoriev S (2013) Water electrolysis technologies. Renew Hydrog Technol Prod Purif Storage Appl Saf 19–41

    Google Scholar 

  32. Kingsbury RS, Coronell O (2017) Osmotic ballasts enhance faradaic efficiency in closed-loop, membrane-based energy systems. Environ Sci Technol 51(3):1910–1917

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Kingsbury RS, Chu K, Coronell O (2015) Energy storage by reversible electrodialysis: the concentration battery. J Memb Sci 495:502–516

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Moya AA (2017) Numerical simulation of ionic transport processes through bilayer ion-exchange membranes in reverse electrodialysis stacks. J Memb Sci 524:400–408

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Mei Y, Tang CY (2017) Co-locating reverse electrodialysis with reverse osmosis desalination: synergies and implications. J Memb Sci 539:305–312

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Tedesco M, Hamelers HVM, Biesheuvel PM (2016) Nernst-Planck transport theory for (reverse) electrodialysis: I. Effect of co-ion transport through the membranes. J Memb Sci 510:370–381

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Zhu X, He W, Logan BE (2015) Reducing pumping energy by using different flow rates of high and low concentration solutions in reverse electrodialysis cells. J Memb Sci 486:215–221

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Weiner AM, McGovern RK, Lienhard VJH (2015) Increasing the power density and reducing the levelized cost of electricity of a reverse electrodialysis stack through blending. Desalination 369:140–148

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Długołęcki P, Ogonowski P, Metz SJ, Saakes M, Nijmeijer K, Wessling M (2010) On the resistances of membrane, diffusion boundary layer and double layer in ion exchange membrane transport. J Memb Sci 349(1–2):369–379

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Vermaas DA, Saakes M, Nijmeijer K (2014) Enhanced mixing in the diffusive boundary layer for energy generation in reverse electrodialysis. J Memb Sci 453:312–319

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Vermaas DA, Saakes M, Nijmeijer K (2011) Power generation using profiled membranes in reverse electrodialysis. J Memb Sci 385–386(1):234–242

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Minke C, Turek T (2015) Economics of vanadium redox flow battery membranes. J Power Sources 286:247–257

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Naik-Dhungel N (2012) Waste heat to power systems. US Environmental Protection Agency

    Google Scholar 

  44. Fan H, Yip NY (2018) Elucidating conductivity-permselectivity tradeoffs in electrodialysis and reverse electrodialysis by structure-property analysis of ion-exchange membranes. J Memb Sci 573:668–681

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the ENERSENSE programme and NTNU Team Hydrogen at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) for supporting and helping on this book project.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Energy and Process Engineering, ENERSENSE, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway

    Yash D. Raka, Robert Bock & Jacob J. Lamb

  2. Department of Electronic Systems, ENERSENSE, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway

    Jacob J. Lamb

  3. Department of Energy and Process Engineering, ENERSENSE and NTNU Team Hydrogen, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway

    Bruno G. Pollet & Odne S. Burheim

Authors
  1. Yash D. Raka
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Robert Bock
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jacob J. Lamb
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Bruno G. Pollet
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Odne S. Burheim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jacob J. Lamb .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronic Systems, ENERSENSE, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway

    Jacob J. Lamb

  2. Department of Energy and Process Engineering, ENERSENSE and NTNU Team Hydrogen, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway

    Bruno G. Pollet

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Raka, Y.D., Bock, R., Lamb, J.J., Pollet, B.G., Burheim, O.S. (2020). Low-Grade Waste Heat to Hydrogen. In: Lamb, J., Pollet, B. (eds) Micro-Optics and Energy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43676-6_8

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation