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Australia’s Minority Community Printed Press History in Global Context: An Introduction

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The Transnational Voices of Australia’s Migrant and Minority Press

Part of the book series: Palgrave Studies in the History of the Media ((PSHM))

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Abstract

The history of the printed press in Australia parallels that of other countries in building on the developments of a long chronicle of newspaper culture generally, and reflecting traditions and practices established abroad, notably from Britain and Europe. Such developments and traditions speak to the particular which, in Australia as elsewhere, was not limited to mainstream or elite enterprises. Instead, for those who launched various forms of newspaper initiatives, a myriad of cultural, Indigenous, ethnic, political, social, and often linguistic influences converged with modern innovations to serve local and minority communities. This chapter introduces the volume The Transnational Voices of Australia’s Migrant and Minority Press, and explores the foundations of Australia’s minority community newspapers and other periodicals and the scholarship which began to recognise their significance, and argues how analysis of the printed press requires a close reading, while also going beyond what is printed on the page. By approaching the histories of migrant and minority communities through the printed press, we suggest the lens of “voices” contributes to a greater appreciation of the significance of newspaper culture in the fledgling field of printed press history.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Anthony Smith, The Newspaper: An International History (London: Thames and Hudson, 1979), 13. See also Joad Raymond, The Invention of the Newspaper: English Newsbooks, 1641–49 (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1996), 7–9.

  2. 2.

    The Sydney Gazette, And New South Wales Advertiser, March 5, 1803, p. 1.

  3. 3.

    “Pioneer Australian Journalist”, Advertiser, May 23, 1932, p. 12. Other sources drawn from are: R. B. Walker, Newspaper Press of New South Wales, 1803–1920 (Sydney: Sydney University Press, 1976), 1–5; J. V. Byrnes, “Howe, George (1769–1821)”, Australian Dictionary of Biography, National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/howe-george-1600/text2851, published first in hardcopy 1966 [Accessed January 7, 2020]; W. A. Thomas Fullerton, “Trials of George Howe- Pioneer of Australian Printing”, Western Argus, November 8, 1932, p. 9; “George Howe: Australia’s First Newspaper”, Sydney Morning Herald, April 11, 1935, p. 10.

  4. 4.

    The Sydney Gazette, And New South Wales Advertiser, March 5, 1803, p. 4.

  5. 5.

    James Bonwick, Early Struggles of the Australian Press (London: Gotch & Gordon, 1890), 70, 77, 79.

  6. 6.

    W. Macmahon Ball ed., Radio Press and World Affairs: Australia’s Outlook (Melbourne: Melbourne University Press, 1938); W. S. Holden Australia Goes to Press (Detroit; Wayne State University, 1961); and Henry Mayer, The Press in Australia (Melbourne: Lansdowne Press, 1964). For the most comprehensive publication guide, see: John Russel, Rod Kirkpatrick and Victor Isaac, Australian Newspaper History: A Bibliography (2nd edn, Andergrove, Qld: Australian Newspaper History Group, 2009).

  7. 7.

    Rudolf Lowenthal, The Chinese Press in Australia (Peking: [s.n.], 1937); Derek van Abbé, “The Interests of the South Australian German Language Press in the Nineteenth Century”, Journal of the Historical Society of Australia and New Zealand, 8.31 (November, 1958): 319–321; Desmond O’Grady, “The Italian Press in Australia—Italy’s Three Faces”, Observer, May 28, 1960, pp. 10–11.

  8. 8.

    Compare, for instance, the different approaches by W. D. Borrie and Charles A. Price: W. D. Borrie, Italians and Germans in Australia: A Study of Assimilation (Melbourne, F. W. Cheshire, 1954); Charles A. Price, Southern Europeans in Australia (Melbourne, Oxford University Press, 1963).

  9. 9.

    Gilson and Zubrzycki, The Foreign-Language Press, 21–22, 24, 41.

  10. 10.

    Gilson and Zubrzycki, The Foreign-Language Press, 23.

  11. 11.

    Gilson and Zubrzycki, The Foreign-Language Press, 45, 112.

  12. 12.

    Gilson and Zubrzycki, The Foreign-Language Press, 128, 164. For an update of the migrant press, see: Abe (I.) Wade Ata and Colin Ryan, ed., The Ethnic Press in Australia (Melbourne: Academia Press and Footprint Publications, 1989).

  13. 13.

    Rod Kirkpatrick, Sworn to No Master: A History of the Provincial Press in Queensland to 1930 (Toowoomba: Darling Downs Institute Press, 1984), 273.

  14. 14.

    Miriam Gilson and Jerzy Zubrzycki, The Foreign-Language Press in Australia (Canberra: Australian National University Press, 1967), 157.

  15. 15.

    Simon J. Potter, News and the British World: The Emergence of an Imperial Press System, 1876–1922 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003), 215.

  16. 16.

    Christiane Harzig and Dirk Hoeder, “Transnationalism and the Age of Mass Migration, 1882–1920”, in Transnational Identities and Practices in Canada, ed. Vic Satewich and Lloyd Wond (Vancouver & Toronto, UBC Press, 2006), 51; Tony Ballantyne, “Mobility, empire, colonization”, History Australia, 11.2 (2014): 26–27; Antoinette Burton and Isabel Hofmeyr, “Introduction: The Spine of Empire? Books and the Making of an Imperial Common”, in Creating an Imperial Commons: Ten Books That Shaped the British Empire, ed. Antoinette Burton and Isabel Hofmeyr (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2014), 1–28; Martin Lyons and John J. Arnold, ed., A History of the Book in Australia 1891–1945: A National Culture in a Colonised Market (St Lucia, Qld: The University of Queensland Press, 2001).

  17. 17.

    Potter, News and the British World, 13, 212, 216.

  18. 18.

    Peter Putnis, “Telegraphy, Mass Media, and Mobilization: Australians in Sudan, 1885”, in Peter Putnis, Chandrika Kaul, and Jürgen Wilke, ed., International Communication and Global News Networks: Historical Perspectives (New York: Hampton Press, 2011), 122, 137.

  19. 19.

    Richard Scully, “A Comic Empire: The Global Expansion of Punch as a Model Publication, 1841–1936”, International Journal of Comic Art 15, no. 2 (2013), 6–35.

  20. 20.

    Chandrika Kaul, “An imperial village: communications, media, and globalization in India”, in International Communication and Global News Networks: Historical Perspectives, ed. Peter Putnis, Chandrika Kaul, and Jürgen Wilke (New York: Hampton Press, 2011), 93.

  21. 21.

    Sylvia Lawson, The Archibald Paradox: A Strange Case of Authorship (Melbourne: Allen Lane, 1983), ix, x.

  22. 22.

    Tony Hughes-D’Areth, Paper Nation: The Story of the Picturesque Atlas of Australasia, 1886–1888 (Melbourne: Melbourne University Press, 2001), 5.

  23. 23.

    Richard Scully and Marian Quartly, ed., Drawing the Line: Using Cartoons as Historical Evidence (Melbourne: Monash University ePress, 2009), 01.1. The forthcoming 27th volume of the Equipe interdisciplinaire de recherche sur l’image satirique’s journal, Ridiculosa, focusing on migration cartoons, further highlights the need for closer scrutiny of sources within their historical context.

  24. 24.

    Joad Raymond, “Introduction: Newspapers, Forgeries, and Histories”, in News, Newspapers, and Society in Early Modern Britain, ed. Joad Raymond (London & Portland, OR: Franck Cass, 2002), 8.

  25. 25.

    Sir Richard Boyer, cited in Gilson and Zubrzycki, The Foreign-language Press, 168–169.

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Dewhirst, C., Scully, R. (2020). Australia’s Minority Community Printed Press History in Global Context: An Introduction. In: Dewhirst, C., Scully, R. (eds) The Transnational Voices of Australia’s Migrant and Minority Press. Palgrave Studies in the History of the Media. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43639-1_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43639-1_1

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