The Spatial Arrangement and Structural Solutions Concept of a Small Rural Public Building in Ukraine

Abstract

Purpose of the article is to develop the small rural public building spatial arrangement and structural solution concept that meets following requirements: compactness; planning decisions flexibility; inclusivity; construction scheme integrity and rigidity; construction and operational building costs reduction; materials consumption reducing with their energy efficiency increasing; construction time reducing; durability; labor costs reducing and heavy machinery use reduction. The research methodology involves a comprehensive approach in formulating a concept, based on literary sources analysis and domestic and foreign experience, identifying the criteria that it should meet. Actual rural public buildings types are identified: cooperative public buildings; libraries; administrative service centers; clinical primary care centers; public safety centers. The small rural public building spatial arrangement solution is determined: one-story, maximum with one inner bearing wall, low plinth and pitched roof with large overhangs. The basic structural elements characteristics are determined: bases of bored and cast-in-place piles, connected by monolithic reinforced concrete grill; insulated floor on soil, which upper coupler structure allows partitions direct bracing; single-layer walls made of light concrete blocks; prefabricated reinforced concrete floor slabs; wooden rafter system; simple, double-slope roof, covered with steel profiled sheets with a protective coating. The scientific novelty is to formulate a requirements list for small rural public building spatial arrangement and structural solution, which corresponds to rural united territorial communities’ modern needs and capabilities. The developed concept introduction into design and construction practice throughout Ukraine will enable territorial communities to solve a large range of tasks independently according to available resources.