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Aetiology of Addiction

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Alcohol and Tobacco

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Abstract

This chapter pays attention to psychological, social and biological theories of addiction development. Different factors, their relevance as well as their loading, which differ in clinical and psychopathological symptoms, will be presented. The role of motivation, being different in the four Lesch types, the question of freedom of decision of “will” in addicted patients, as well as cognitive behaviour therapeutic strategies, like the stimulus–response model, and the role of different expectations will be discussed. The psychoanalytical models like oral disturbances, early traumatisation and autodestructive tendencies will be included. Within the social and biological theories, a further focus will be led on sex and gender differences, alcohol and tobacco use during pregnancy and results from physiological basic research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Clinical Division of Social Psychiatry, Medical University Vienna, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Vienna, Austria

    Otto-Michael Lesch & Henriette Walter

  2. Caritas der Erzdiözese Wien, Vienna, Austria

    Christian Wetschka

  3. Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA

    Michie N. Hesselbrock & Victor Hesselbrock

  4. Neuroscience Department, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisboa, Portugal

    Samuel Pombo

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Lesch, OM., Walter, H., Wetschka, C., Hesselbrock, M.N., Hesselbrock, V., Pombo, S. (2020). Aetiology of Addiction. In: Alcohol and Tobacco. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41941-7_3

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