Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A Linked Data Model-View-* Approach for Decoupled Client-Server Applications

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Semantic Technology (JIST 2019)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNISA,volume 12032))

Included in the following conference series:

  • 1038 Accesses

Abstract

Separation of concern is found to be a crucial design requirement for maintainable, extendable and understandable software. Research has been done on software design patterns that ensure strict separation of concerns and by this avoid cross cutting concerns in modules of large-scale software projects. In particular, Model-View-* design patterns attempt to decouple local data and business logic from user interfaces, keeping both extendable and exchangeable. Targeting Web-applications, technologies from the domain of Linked Data and Semantic Web have been found suitable to decouple clients from servers. While the potential of both Model-View-Patterns and Linked Data interfaces is often convincingly outlined, there exists to this point little to no work that shows how the findings in said fields can be successfully employed to design large-scale decoupled client-server Web applications. In this paper, we show how lifting a suitable data representation of a Web server application run-time to Linked Data allows to build client-server applications following a decoupled Model-View-Presenter-ViewModel design pattern. This removes the need for fixed server-side APIs, detaches clients from server specifics, and allows clients to implement their business logic entirely on expected semantics of the server data.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    https://thrift.apache.org/.

  2. 2.

    https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/9.

  3. 3.

    https://developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/docs/proto.

  4. 4.

    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/en-en/magazine/hh580734.aspx.

  5. 5.

    https://www.w3.org/TR/ldp/.

  6. 6.

    https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Web_Components.

  7. 7.

    https://www.w3.org/TR/sparql11-overview/.

  8. 8.

    https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/hh580734.aspx.

  9. 9.

    https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-concepts/.

  10. 10.

    https://www.unrealengine.com/.

  11. 11.

    https://www.unity.com/.

  12. 12.

    https://www.w3.org/Submission/2011/SUBM-spin-sparql-20110222/.

  13. 13.

    https://www.w3.org/TR/rif-in-rdf/.

  14. 14.

    http://ldif.wbsg.de/.

  15. 15.

    http://wifo5-03.informatik.uni-mannheim.de/bizer/r2r/.

  16. 16.

    https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/standard/events/.

References

  1. Bower, A., McGlashan, B.: Twisting the triad. Tutorial Paper for European Smalltalk User Group (ESUP) (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Kiczales, G., et al.: Aspect-oriented programming. In: Akşit, M., Matsuoka, S. (eds.) ECOOP 1997. LNCS, vol. 1241, pp. 220–242. Springer, Heidelberg (1997). https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0053381

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  3. Syromiatnikov, A., Weyns, D.: A journey through the land of model-view-design patterns. In: 2014 IEEE/IFIP Conference on Software Architecture, pp. 21–30. IEEE (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Spieldenner, T., Byelozyorov, S., Guldner, M., Slusallek, P.: FiVES: an aspect-oriented approach for shared virtual environments in the web. Vis. Comput. 34(9), 1269–1282 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Spieldenner, T., Schubotz, R., Guldner, M.: ECA2LD: from entity-component-attribute runtimes to linked data applications. In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Semantic Web of Things for Industry 4.0. Extended Semantic Web Conference (ESWC 2018), International Workshop on Semantic Web of Things for Industry 4.0, Located at 15th ESWC Conference, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, 3–7 June 2018. Springer (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Krasner, G.E., Pope, S.T., et al.: A description of the model-view-controller user interface paradigm in the smalltalk-80 system. J. Object Oriented Program. 1(3), 26–49 (1988)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Sorensen, E., Mikailesc, M.: Model-view-viewmodel (MVVM) design pattern using windows presentation foundation (WPF) technology. MegaByte J. 9(4), 1–19 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Leff, A., Rayfield, J.T.: Web-application development using the model/view/controller design pattern. In: Proceedings Fifth IEEE International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference, pp. 118–127. IEEE (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Slee, M., Agarwal, A., Kwiatkowski, M.: Thrift: scalable cross-language services implementation. Facebook White Paper, vol. 5, no. 8 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Birrell, A.D., Nelson, B.J.: Implementing remote procedure calls. ACM Trans. Comput. Syst. (TOCS) 2(1), 39–59 (1984)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Berners-Lee, T., Hendler, J., Lassila, O., et al.: The semantic web. Sci. Am. 284(5), 28–37 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Verborgh, R., Steiner, T., Van Deursen, D., Van de Walle, R., Vallés, J.G.: Efficient runtime service discovery and consumption with hyperlinked RESTdesc. In: 2011 7th International Conference on Next Generation Web Services Practices, pp. 373–379. IEEE (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Mayer, S., Verborgh, R., Kovatsch, M., Mattern, F.: Smart configuration of smart environments. IEEE Trans. Autom. Sci. Eng. 13(3), 1247–1255 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Fielding, R.T., Taylor, R.N.: Principled design of the modern web architecture. ACM Trans. Internet Technol. (TOIT) 2(2), 115–150 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Fowler, M.: Richardson Maturity Model: steps toward the glory of REST (2010). http://martinfowler.com/articles/richardsonMaturityModel.html

  16. Heath, T., Bizer, C.: Linked data: evolving the web into a global data space. Synth. Lect. Semant. Web Theory Technol. 1(1), 1–136 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Keppmann, F.L., Maleshkova, M.: Smart components for enabling intelligent web of things applications. In: INTELLI 2016, p. 128 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Schubotz, R., Vogelgesang, C., Antakli, A., Rubinstein, D., Spieldenner, T.: Requirements and specifications for robots, linked data and all the REST. In: Proceedings of Workshop on Linked Data in Robotics and Industry 4.0. Workshop on Linked Data in Robotics and Industry 4.0 (LIDARI-2017), 2nd Workshop on Linked Data in Robotics and Industry 4.0, Located at Semantics 2017, Amsterdam, Netherlands. CEUR (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Bader, S.R., Maleshkova, M.: Virtual representations for an iterative IoT deployment. In: Companion of the The Web Conference 2018, pp. 1887–1892. International World Wide Web Conferences Steering Committee (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Maleshkova, M., Pedrinaci, C., Domingue, J.: Investigating web APIs on the world wide web. In: 2010 Eighth IEEE European Conference on Web Services, pp. 107–114. IEEE (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Bülthoff, F., Maleshkova, M.: RESTful or RESTless – current state of today’s top web APIs. In: Presutti, V., Blomqvist, E., Troncy, R., Sack, H., Papadakis, I., Tordai, A. (eds.) ESWC 2014. LNCS, vol. 8798, pp. 64–74. Springer, Cham (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11955-7_6

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  22. Mihindukulasooriya, N., García-Castro, R., Esteban-Gutiérrez, M.: Linked data platform as a novel approach for enterprise application integration. In: COLD (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Haase, P., Hütter, C., Schmidt, M., Schwarte, A.: The information workbench as a self-service platform for developing linked data applications. In: WWW 2012 Developer Track, pp. 18–20 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Khalili, A., Loizou, A., van Harmelen, F.: Adaptive linked data-driven web components: building flexible and reusable semantic web interfaces. In: Sack, H., Blomqvist, E., d’Aquin, M., Ghidini, C., Ponzetto, S.P., Lange, C. (eds.) ESWC 2016. LNCS, vol. 9678, pp. 677–692. Springer, Cham (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-34129-3_41

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  25. Khalili, A., de Graaf, K.A.: Linked data reactor: towards data-aware user interfaces. In: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Semantic Systems, pp. 168–172. ACM (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Khalili, A., Merono-Penuela, A.: WYSIWYQ - what you see is what you query. In: VOILA@ ISWC, pp. 123–130 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Lukovnikov, D., Stadler, C., Lehmann, J.: LD viewer-linked data presentation framework. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Semantic Systems, pp. 124–131. ACM (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Daga, E., Panziera, L., Pedrinaci, C.: A BASILar approach for building web APIs on top of SPARQL endpoints. In: CEUR Workshop Proceedings, vol. 1359, pp. 22–32 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Michel, F., Zucker, C.F., Gandon, F.: SPARQL micro-services: lightweight integration of web APIs and linked data. In: LDOW 2018-Linked Data on the Web, pp. 1–10 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Michel, F., Faron-Zucker, C., Gandon, F.: Bridging web APIs and linked data with SPARQL micro-services. In: Gangemi, A., et al. (eds.) ESWC 2018. LNCS, vol. 11155, pp. 187–191. Springer, Cham (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98192-5_35

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  31. Fafalios, P., Tzitzikas, Y.: SPARQL-LD: a SPARQL extension for fetching and querying linked data. In: International Semantic Web Conference (Posters & Demos) (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Fafalios, P., Yannakis, T., Tzitzikas, Y.: Querying the web of data with SPARQL-LD. In: Fuhr, N., Kovács, L., Risse, T., Nejdl, W. (eds.) TPDL 2016. LNCS, vol. 9819, pp. 175–187. Springer, Cham (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43997-6_14

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  33. Vogelgesang, C., Spieldenner, T., Schubotz, R.: SPARQ\(\lambda \): a functional perspective on linked data services. In: Ichise, R., Lecue, F., Kawamura, T., Zhao, D., Muggleton, S., Kozaki, K. (eds.) JIST 2018. LNCS, vol. 11341, pp. 136–152. Springer, Cham (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04284-4_10

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  34. Groth, P., Loizou, A., Gray, A.J.G., Goble, C., Harland, L., Pettifer, S.: API-centric linked data integration: the open PHACTS discovery platform case study. Web Semant. Sci. Serv. Agents World Wide Web 29, 12–18 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Alatalo, T.: An entity-component model for extensible virtual worlds. IEEE Internet Comput. 15(5), 30–37 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Dahl, T., Koskela, T., Hickey, S., Vatjus-Anttila, J.: A virtual world web client utilizing an entity-component model. In: NGMAST, pp. 7–12. IEEE (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  37. Moltchanov, B., Rocha, O.R.: A context broker to enable future IoT applications and services. In: 2014 6th International Congress on Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Control Systems and Workshops (ICUMT), pp. 263–268. IEEE (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  38. Wiebusch, D., Latoschik, M.E.: Decoupling the entity-component-system pattern using semantic traits for reusable realtime interactive systems. In: 2015 IEEE 8th Workshop on Software Engineering and Architectures for Realtime Interactive Systems (SEARIS), pp. 25–32. IEEE (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  39. Parastatidis, S., Webber, J., Silveira, G., Robinson, I.S.: The role of hypermedia in distributed system development. In: Proceedings of the First International Workshop on RESTful Design, pp. 16–22. ACM (2010)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The work described in this paper has been partially funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) through the project Hybr-iT under the grant 01IS16026A, and by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (BMWi) through the project SENSE under the grant 01MT18007A.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Saarbrücken Graduate School of Computer Science, German Research Center for Artifical Intelligence (DFKI), 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany

    Torsten Spieldenner & René Schubotz

Authors
  1. Torsten Spieldenner
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. René Schubotz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Torsten Spieldenner .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Tianjin University, Tianjin, China

    Xin Wang

  2. University of Bari, Bari, Italy

    Francesca Alessandra Lisi

  3. Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Bozen-Bolzano, Italy

    Guohui Xiao

  4. Imperial College London, London, UK

    Elena Botoeva

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Spieldenner, T., Schubotz, R. (2020). A Linked Data Model-View-* Approach for Decoupled Client-Server Applications. In: Wang, X., Lisi, F., Xiao, G., Botoeva, E. (eds) Semantic Technology. JIST 2019. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12032. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41407-8_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41407-8_5

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-41406-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-41407-8

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation