Skip to main content

Update to Preparation Design and Clinical Concepts Using the LeSage Veneer Classification System

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Esthetic Oral Rehabilitation with Veneers
  • 1600 Accesses

Abstract

Historically, preparations for ceramic veneers have varied from extremely aggressive to a minimal reduction or a lack of preparation. The concept of no-preparation or minimal-preparation veneers is nearly 40 years old. The trend in dentistry today is toward minimally invasive dentistry with the philosophy that less is more. It is no longer acceptable to over-prepare teeth for convenience or lack of understanding of alternative treatments. In recent years, laboratory techniques have evolved to produce ultrathin ceramic veneers, which has increased the popularity of “no-prep” veneers. This so-called “no-prep” approach has been described for more than 10 years in the literature and ideologically reiterates the methodologies of when veneers were first introduced as conservative, additive restorative procedures for which slight or no preparations were required. However, these days, it is no longer acceptable to limit veneer descriptions to no-prep or conventional all-ceramic designs.

In 2013, the author of this chapter proposed the LeSage veneer classification system (LVCS), which categorized the extent of preparation for different veneer treatments based on an assessment of the amount of enamel available and the amount of dentin exposed. It provided clear-cut guidelines for technical procedures and for case selection. In this chapter, the LeSage veneer classification system is expanded on and explained, and examples for implementing the system are presented. In addition to “no-prep” and conventional all-ceramic design, this chapter explores two additional, distinct classifications that should aid dentists, lab technicians, and patients in their ability to provide better communication, consent, diagnosis, treatment planning, material selection, education, and tooth structure preservation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. LeSage BP. Establishing a classification system and criteria for veneer preparations. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2013;34(2):104–12.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Bahadir HS, Karadağ G, Bayraktar Y. Minimally invasive approach for improving anterior dental aesthetics: case report with 1-year follow-up. Case Rep Dent. 2018;2018:4601795. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4601795.

  3. Farias-Neto A, Dantas de Medeiros FC, Vilanova L, Chaves MS, de Araújo JFF B. Tooth preparation for ceramic veneers: why less is more. Int J Esthet Dent. 2019;14:156–64.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Mizrachi M, Lowe RA. A new and economical concept no-prep veneers. Dent Today. 2011;30:138–43.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Gürel G, Wells D. Low-risk dentistry using additive-only (“no-prep”) porcelain veneers. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2011;32(5):50.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Freydberg BK. No-prep veneers: the myths. Dent Today. 2011;30(6):70–1.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Calamia JR. Etched porcelain facial veneers: a new treatment modality based on scientific and clinical evidence. N Y J Dent. 1983;53:255–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Calamia JR. Etched porcelain veneers: the current state of the art. Quintessence Int. 1985;16(1):5–12.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. D’Arcangelo C, Vadini M, D’Amario M, Chiavaroli Z, De Angelis F. Protocol for a new concept of no-prep ultrathin ceramic veneers. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2018;30:173–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Calamia JR. Clinical evaluation of etched porcelain veneer. Am J Dent. 1989;2(1):9–15.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Strassler HE. Minimally invasive porcelain veneers: indications for a conservative esthetic dentistry treatment modality. Gen Dent. 2007;55(7):686–96.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Magne P, Magne M. Use of additive waxup and direct intraoral mock-up for enamel preservation with porcelain laminate veneers. Eur J Esthet Dent. 2006;1(1):10–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Magne P, Belser UC. Novel porcelain laminate preparation approach driven by a diagnostic mock-up. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2004;16(1):7–16.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Coachman C, Calamita M. Digital smile design: a tool for treatment planning and communication in esthetic dentistry. Quintessence Dent. Technol. 2012;35:103–111.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Meereis CT, de Souza GB, Albino LG, Ogliari FA, Piva E, Lima GS, et al. Digital smile design for computer-assisted esthetic rehabilitation: two-year follow-up. Oper Dent. 2016;41:E13–22.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Miranda ME, Olivieri KA, Rigolin FJ, de Vasconcellos AA. Esthetic challenges in rehabilitating the anterior maxilla: a case report. Oper Dent. 2016;41:2–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Lin WS, Zandinejad A, Metz MJ, Harris BT, Morton D. Predictable restorative work flow for computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacture-fabricated ceramic veneers utilizing a virtual smile design principle. Oper Dent. 2015;40:357–63.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Cooper LF, Culp L, Luedin N. A digital approach to improved overdentures for the adolescent oligodontia patient. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2016;28:144–56.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Reshad M, Cascione D, Magne P. Diagnostic mock-ups as an objective tool for predictable outcomes with porcelain laminate veneers in esthetically demanding patients: a clinical report. J Prosthet Dent. 2008;99:333–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Mangini F, Cerutti A, Putignano A, et al. Clinical approach to anterior adhesive restorations using resin composite veneers. Eur J Esthet Dent. 2007;2(2):188–209.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Jacobson N, Frank CA. The myth of instant orthodontics: an ethical quandary. J Am Dent Assoc. 2008;139(4):424–34.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Shillingburg HT Jr, Grace CS. Thickness of enamel and dentin. J South Calif Dent Assoc. 1973;41(1):33–6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Atsu SS, Aka PS, Kucukesmen HC, et al. Age-related changes in tooth enamel as measured by electron microscopy: implications for porcelain laminate veneers. J Prosthet Dent. 2005;94(4):336–41.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Magne P, Douglas WH. Additive contour of porcelain veneers: a key element in enamel preservation, adhesion, and esthetics for aging dentition. J Adhes Dent. 1999;1(1):81–92.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Ferrari M, Patroni S, Balleri P. Measurement of enamel thickness in relation to reduction for etched laminate veneers. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 1992;12(5):407–13.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Garber DA. Rational tooth preparation for porcelain veneers. Compendium. 1991;12(5):316–20.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Kois JC, McGowan S. Diagnostically generated anterior tooth preparation for adhesively retained porcelain restorations: rationale and technique. J Calif Dent Assoc. 2004;32(2):161–6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Friedman MJ. Porcelain veneer restorations: a clinician’s opinion about a disturbing trend. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2001;13(5):318–27.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Garber DA. Porcelain laminate veneers: ten years later. Part i: tooth preparation. J Esthet Dent. 1993;5(2):56–62.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. De Munck J, Van Landuyt K, Peumans M, et al. A critical review of the durability of adhesion to tooth tissue: methods and results. J Dent Res. 2005;84(2):118–32.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Castelnuovo J, Tjan AH, Phillips K, et al. Fracture load and mode of failure of ceramic veneers with different preparations. J Prosthet Dent. 2000;83(2):171–80.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Brunton PA, Aminian A, Wilson NH. Tooth preparation techniques for porcelain laminate veneers. Br Dent J. 2000;189(5):260–2.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Cherukara GP, Davis GR, Seymour KG, et al. Dentin exposure in tooth preparations for porcelain veneers: a pilot study. J Prosthet Dent. 2005;94(5):414–20.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Gürel G. Porcelain laminate veneers: minimal tooth preparation by design. Dent Clin N Am. 2007;51(2):419–31.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Gürel G, Morimoto S, Calamita MA, et al. Clinical performance of porcelain laminate veneers: outcomes of the aesthetic pre-evaluative temporary (APT) technique. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2012;32:625–35.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Gurel G. The science and art of porcelain laminate veneers. Quintessence. 2003;7:246.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Magne P. Composite resins and bonded porcelain: the Postamalgam era? Resins Porcelain. 2006;34(2):135–47.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Van Meerbeek B, De Munck J, Yoshida Y, et al. Buonocore memorial lecture. Adhesion to enamel and dentin: current status and future challenges. Oper Dent. 2003;28(3):215–35.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Swift EJ Jr, Perdigão J. Heymann Ho. Bonding to enamel and dentin: a brief history and state of the art, 1995. Quintessence Int. 1995;26(2):95–110.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Swift EJ Jr. Dentin bonding: what is the state of the art? Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2001;22(12s):4–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Lafuente JD, Chaves A, Carmiol R. Bond strength of dual-cured resin cements to human teeth. J Esthet Dent. 2000;12(2):105–10.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Peumans M, De Munck J, Fieuws S, et al. A prospective ten-year clinical trial of porcelain veneers. J Adhes Dent. 2004;6(1):65–76.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Christensen GJ. Veneer mania. J Am Dent Assoc. 2006;137(8):1161–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Hikita K, Van Meerbeek B, De Munck J, et al. Bonding effectiveness of adhesive luting agents to enamel and dentin. Dent Mater. 2007;23(1):71–80.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Ibarra G, Johnson GH, Geurtsen W, Vargas MA. Microleakage of porcelain veneer restorations bonded to enamel and dentin with a new self- adhesive resin-based dental cement. Dent Mater. 2007;23(2):218–25.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. LeSage BP. Revisiting the design of minimal and no-preparation veneers: a step-by-step technique. J Calif Dent Assoc. 2010;38(8):561–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. LeSage BP. Minimally invasive dentistry: paradigm shifts in preparation design. Pract Proced Aesthet Dent. 2009;21(2):97–101.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Magne P, Douglas WH. Porcelain veneers: dentin bonding optimization and biomimetic recovery of the crown. Int J Prosthodont. 1999;12(2):111–21.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. DiMatteo AM. Prep vs no-prep: the evolution of veneers. Inside Dent. 2009;5(6):72–9.

    Google Scholar 

  50. Gurel G, Sesma N, Calamita MA, Coachman C, Morimoto S. Influence of enamel preservation on failure rates of porcelain laminate veneers. Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent. 2013;33:31–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Giordano R. A comparison of all ceramic systems. J Mass Dent Soc. 2002;50(4):16–20.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. McLaren EA, Cao PT. Ceramics in dentistry – part 1: classes of materials. Inside Dent. 2009;5(9):94–103.

    Google Scholar 

  53. McLaren EA, LeSage BP. Feldspathic veneers: what are their indications. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2011;32(2):44–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Morita RK, et al. Minimally invasive laminate veneers: clinical aspects in treatment planning and cementation procedures. Case Rep Dent. 2016;2016:1839793. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/1839793.

  55. Gürel G. Predictable, precise, and repeatable tooth preparation for porcelain laminate veneers. Pract Proced Aesthet Dent. 2003;15(1):17–26.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Edelhoff D, Sorensen JA. Tooth structure removal associated with various preparation designs for anterior teeth. J Prosthet Dent. 2002;87(5):503–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Calamia JR, Calamia CS. Porcelain laminate veneers: reasons for 25 years of success. Dent Clin N Am. 2007;51(2):399–417.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Javaheri D. Considerations for planning esthetic treatment with veneers involving no or minimal preparation. J Am Dent Assoc. 2007;138(3):331–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Brunton PA, Wilson NH. Preparations for porcelain laminate veneers in general dental practice. Br Dent J. 1998;184(11):553–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Rouse JS. Full veneer versus traditional veneer preparation: a discussion of interproximal extension. J Prosthet Dent. 1997;78(6):545–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Chun YH, Raffelt C, Pfeiffer H, et al. Restoring strength of incisors with veneers and full ceramic crowns. J Adhes Dent. 2010;12(1):45–54.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Stappert CF, Ozden U, Att W, et al. Marginal accuracy of press-ceramic veneers influenced by preparation design and fatigue. Am J Dent. 2007;20(6):380–4.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Magne P, Belser U. Bonded porcelain restorations in the anterior dentition: a biomimetic approach. Chicago: Quintessence Pub. Co; 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  64. Magne P, Douglas WH. Cumulative effects of successive restorative procedures on anterior crown flexure: intact versus veneered incisors. Quintessence Int. 2000;31(1):5–18.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Peumans M, Van Meerbeek B, Lambrechts P, Vanherle G. Porcelain veneers: a review of the literature. J Dent. 2000;28:163–77.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. McLaren EA, Whiteman YY. Ceramics: rationale for material selection. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2010;31(9):666–80.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Andersson GB, Chapman JR, Dekutoski MB, et al. Do no harm: the balance of “beneficence” and “non-maleficence.”. Spine. 2010;35(9s):s2–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

LeSage, B.P. (2020). Update to Preparation Design and Clinical Concepts Using the LeSage Veneer Classification System. In: Trushkowsky, R. (eds) Esthetic Oral Rehabilitation with Veneers. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41091-9_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41091-9_1

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-41090-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-41091-9

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics