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Immunotherapy pp 107–147Cite as

Current Landscape of Immunotherapy in Genitourinary Malignancies

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Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1244))

Abstract

The past decade has witnessed a revolution of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of multiple tumor types, including genitourinary cancers. Immune checkpoint inhibitors improved the treatment outcomes of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma and metastatic urothelial carcinoma. In prostate cancer, the role of immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors is not yet established, but clinical trials investigating their use are ongoing. Other immunotherapeutic approaches that have been explored in these malignancies include cytokines, vaccines, and cellular therapy. Ongoing studies are exploring the use of immunotherapy combinations as well as combination with chemotherapy and targeted therapy in these types of tumors. The use of immunotherapy beyond the metastatic setting is an active area of research. Moreover, there is a great interest in biomarker development to predict response to immunotherapy and risk of toxicity. This chapter is a comprehensive review of the immunotherapeutic approaches, both approved and investigational, for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma, urothelial carcinoma, and prostate cancer.

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Author notes

  1. Omar Alhalabi and Hind Rafei contributed equally with all other contributors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Cancer Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA

    Omar Alhalabi & Hind Rafei

  2. Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Mehmet Asim Bilen

  3. Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Mehmet Asim Bilen

  4. Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA

    Amishi Yogesh Shah

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  1. Omar Alhalabi
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  2. Hind Rafei
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Correspondence to Mehmet Asim Bilen or Amishi Yogesh Shah .

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  1. MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA

    Aung Naing

  2. Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA

    Joud Hajjar

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Alhalabi, O., Rafei, H., Bilen, M.A., Shah, A.Y. (2020). Current Landscape of Immunotherapy in Genitourinary Malignancies. In: Naing, A., Hajjar, J. (eds) Immunotherapy. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1244. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41008-7_6

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