Abstract
Elastographic methods to measure liver stiffness (LS) have been developed as a noninvasive tool to screen for fibrosis and cirrhosis. A variety of different methods exist for LS measurement ranging from ultrasonographic methods such as transient elastography to MR elastography. All these methods are usually validated against the gold standard, liver biopsy, for historic reasons. First preliminary and partly unpublished data, however, suggest that LS per se holds great promisses not only to predict hepatic complications, but also liver-related death and even overall survival, the most important endpoint in medicine. It is anticipated that LS will play an important future role in the prognostic assessment not only in specific areas such as Hepatology and Gastroenterology, but also in general and internal medicine.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Wang J, Li J, Zhou Q, Zhang D, Bi Q, Wu Y, et al. Liver stiffness measurement predicted liver-related events and all-cause mortality: a systematic review and nonlinear dose-response meta-analysis. Hepatol Commun. 2018;2(4):467–76.
Shili S, Wong GL-H, Jean-Baptiste H, liu k, Chermak F, Shu S, et al. SAT-288-liver stiffness measurement predicts long-term survival and complications in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Hepatol. 2019;70(1):e763–e4.
Mueller J, Rausch V, Silva I, Peccerella T, Piecha F, Dietrich C, et al. PS-171-survival in a 10 year prospective cohort of heavy drinkers: Liver stiffness is the best long-term prognostic parameter. J Hepatol. 2019;70(1):E107.
Lindvig K, Mossner BK, Pedersen C, Lillevang ST, Christensen PB. Liver stiffness and 30-day mortality in a cohort of patients admitted to hospital. Eur J Clin Invest. 2012;42(2):146–52.
Sato Y, Yoshihisa A, Kanno Y, Watanabe S, Yokokawa T, Abe S, et al. Liver stiffness assessed by Fibrosis-4 index predicts mortality in patients with heart failure. Open Heart. 2017;4(1):e000598.
Koch A, Horn A, Duckers H, Yagmur E, Sanson E, Bruensing J, et al. Increased liver stiffness denotes hepatic dysfunction and mortality risk in critically ill non-cirrhotic patients at a medical ICU. Crit Care. 2011;15(6):R266.
Jansen C, Moller P, Meyer C, Kolbe CC, Bogs C, Pohlmann A, et al. Increase in liver stiffness after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt is associated with inflammation and predicts mortality. Hepatology. 2018;67(4):1472–84.
Piecha F, Mandorfer M, Peccerella T, Ozga AK, Poth T, Vonbank A, et al. Pharmacological decrease of liver stiffness is pressure-related and predicts long-term clinical outcome. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2018;315(4):G484–G94.
Takuma Y, Morimoto Y, Takabatake H, Toshikuni N, Tomokuni J, Sahara A, et al. Measurement of spleen stiffness with acoustic radiation force impulse imaging predicts mortality and hepatic decompensation in patients with liver cirrhosis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017;15(11):1782–90 e4.
Elshaarawy O, Mueller J, Guha IN, Chalmers J, Harris R, Krag A, et al. Spleen stiffness to liver stiffness ratio significantly differs between ALD and HCV and predicts disease-specific complications. JHEP Reports. 2019;1(2):99–106.
Vergniol J, Boursier J, Coutzac C, Bertrais S, Foucher J, Angel C, et al. Evolution of noninvasive tests of liver fibrosis is associated with prognosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Hepatology. 2014;60(1):65–76.
Hansen JF, Christiansen KM, Staugaard B, Moessner BK, Lillevang S, Krag A, et al. Combining liver stiffness with hyaluronic acid provides superior prognostic performance in chronic hepatitis C. PloS one. 2019;14(2):e0212036.
Vergniol J, Foucher J, Terrebonne E, Bernard PH, le Bail B, Merrouche W, et al. Noninvasive tests for fibrosis and liver stiffness predict 5-year outcomes of patients with chronic hepatitis C. Gastroenterology. 2011;140(7):1970–9, 9 e1-3.
Cepeda JA, Thomas DL, Astemborski J, Sulkowski MS, Kirk GD, Mehta SH. Increased mortality among persons with chronic hepatitis C with moderate or severe liver disease: a cohort study. Clin Infect Dis. 2017;65(2):235–43.
Tuma P, Jarrin I, Del Amo J, Vispo E, Medrano J, Martin-Carbonero L, et al. Survival of HIV-infected patients with compensated liver cirrhosis. AIDS. 2010;24(5):745–53.
Cheng JY, Wong VW, Tse YK, Chim AM, Chan HL, Wong GL. Metabolic syndrome increases cardiovascular events but not hepatic events and death in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology. 2016;64(5):1507–17.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Mueller, S. (2020). Liver Stiffness as a Predictor for Survival. In: Mueller, S. (eds) Liver Elastography. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40542-7_35
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40542-7_35
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-40541-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-40542-7
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)