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A Review on Next-Generation Nano-Antimicrobials in Orthopedics: Prospects and Concerns

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Nanostructures for Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Applications

Part of the book series: Nanotechnology in the Life Sciences ((NALIS))

Abstract

Recently an increase in occurrence of bone implant infections leading to implant failure and need for revision surgery has been observed. The major reason being development of antibiotic resistant microbes (MRSA and MRSE), while the withdrawal of antibiotic and suboptimal dose are further increasing the chances of antibiotic resistance. In recent time, nanotechnology interventions have led to emergence of a new generation of microbicidal agents the “nano-antimicrobials” showing potent antimicrobial efficacy even against MRSA. To circumvent this problem in orthopedics, multiple efforts are being made to make potent antimicrobials that can be nontoxic for cells and able to counter resist microbes simultaneously. Owing to the unique physicochemical properties, the nanomaterials exhibit tremendous capabilities and hence utility in the field of orthopedics. However, the long-term implications of these nanomaterials upon health are feebly understood. This review focuses on the current scenario, mechanism of action, and future perspective and concerns of this emerging field of “nanobiotics” to alleviate the postsurgical infections to pave the way for better clinical orthopedic requirements.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Bio-Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, India

    Archita Gupta, Vinod Kumar Nigam, Padmini Padmanabhan & Sneha Singh

  2. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, India

    Abhimanyu Dev

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  1. Archita Gupta
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  2. Abhimanyu Dev
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  4. Padmini Padmanabhan
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  5. Sneha Singh
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  1. Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, India

    Ram Prasad

  2. Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, India

    Busi Siddhardha

  3. Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, India

    Madhu Dyavaiah

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Gupta, A., Dev, A., Nigam, V.K., Padmanabhan, P., Singh, S. (2020). A Review on Next-Generation Nano-Antimicrobials in Orthopedics: Prospects and Concerns. In: Prasad, R., Siddhardha, B., Dyavaiah, M. (eds) Nanostructures for Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Applications. Nanotechnology in the Life Sciences. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40337-9_2

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