Transport in ionic solids

Abstract

Transport in ionic solids is treated by using both phenomenological and microscopic approaches. The main objective is to express the electrical mobility and the electrical conductivity of a specific charged species within a solid phase. These properties are measured as a function of temperature, composition, and chemical potential of one of the major components of the solid. The chapter discusses a large group of materials involving cationic (H⁺, Ag⁺, Li⁺, Na⁺, Ca²⁺, …), anionic (O^2-, F⁻), and electronic (electron, hole) charge carriers. An accurate analysis of the Arrhenius diagrams of conductivity allows us to determine the main charge carriers in different temperature domains. A basic description of the Wagner theory, which is typically used in corrosion studies, is also presented. Most exercises permit the reader to apply theoretical models from electrochemical thermodynamics and kinetics to experimental results. The possible use of various materials in electrochemical devices is suggested based on their conductivity and redox stability.