Introduction: Toward Pragmatism, Pluralism, and Polycentricity

Abstract

This book considers the “three Ps” of liberty: pragmatism, pluralism, and polycentricity. Over several years we have heard debates about “thick” and “thin” libertarianism as well as “libertarian brutalism.” The labels “right-libertarian” and “left-libertarian” have circulated roughly since the emergence of the word “libertarian.” I propose to reframe the discussion in terms of “pluralism,” a concept that, I believe, involves necessarily the decentralization and diffusion of government power. A conservative culture that values tradition and nourishes longstanding virtues is optimal for the preservation and advancement of liberty. Freedom flourishes where individuals accept personal responsibility, give charitably, read deeply and widely, and respect the dignity of every human person. Freedom cannot exist where people lie, cheat, steal, and murder without consequence. Societies enjoy liberty in proportion to their commitment to moral improvement and right reason. Where people are dedicated to virtue, generosity, and personal responsibility, the case for state or government intervention into their private affairs is more obviously untenable.