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Perinatal Inflammation and Adult Psychopathology pp 81–100Cite as

Neonatal Meningitis Mechanisms and Implications in Adult Life

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Part of the book series: Progress in Inflammation Research ((PIR,volume 84))

Abstract

Neonatal meningitis (NM) is a serious infectious disease that accounts for elevated mortality and morbidity rates in low- and middle-income countries. Despite decreased mortality rates due to the advancement in antimicrobial therapy, the incidence of morbidity has not reduced; rather a decrease in mortality increases the number of survivors after NM. Nearly half of all meningitis survivors suffer from complex neurological or neuropsychiatric sequelae later in life. Neurologists and microbiologists are continuously searching to improve the quality of life after this dreadful infection. The experimental NM demonstrated positive effects of various pharmacological approaches using antioxidants, matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) inhibitors, kynurenine metabolites inhibitors, and antidepressants in addition to antibiotics and supportive therapy. To understand the long-term complications after NM, it is necessary to have profound knowledge of the mechanisms behind its pathology. Hence, in this chapter, we aim to enumerate experimental neonatal and infant meningitis models and enlist possible mechanisms associated with behavioral alterations. We also demonstrate the links between NM, inflammatory mediators, and brain injuries in clinical studies. This chapter will also highlight currently available effective therapy to reduce neurological complications and discuss the possible treatment regimen in the future.

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Acknowledgments

The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth); University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC); National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e Inovação de Santa Catarina (FAPESC). This work was supported by grants to TB from Alzheimer’s Association® AARGDNTF-19-619645.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA

    Vijayasree V. Giridharan, Pavani Sayana & Tatiana Barichello

  2. Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil

    Lutiana R. Simoes & Fabricia Petronilho

  3. Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, McGovern Medical School at University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, TX, USA

    Rodrigo Hasbun

  4. Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil

    Tatiana Barichello

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  1. Vijayasree V. Giridharan
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Correspondence to Tatiana Barichello .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, UT Health Houston, Houston, TX, USA

    Antonio L. Teixeira

  2. Physiology and Pharmacology, Universidade Federal do Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil

    Danielle Macedo

  3. Psychiatry, University of Munster, Munster, Germany

    Bernhard T. Baune

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Giridharan, V.V., Simoes, L.R., Sayana, P., Petronilho, F., Hasbun, R., Barichello, T. (2020). Neonatal Meningitis Mechanisms and Implications in Adult Life. In: Teixeira, A.L., Macedo, D., Baune, B.T. (eds) Perinatal Inflammation and Adult Psychopathology. Progress in Inflammation Research, vol 84. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39335-9_6

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