Skip to main content

The Political Economy of Micro-Credit in Africa

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
The Palgrave Handbook of African Political Economy

Part of the book series: Palgrave Handbooks in IPE ((PHIPE))

Abstract

This chapter looks at the political economy of micro-credit supply and consumption in Africa with the resulting socio-economic consequences. The importance of the empirical engagement with the socio-economic consequence of the provision and consumption of micro-credit highlights its positives or negatives in different contexts, rather than romanticizing with the universality of its goodness. It is important to emphasize the micro-credit supply driven by neoliberal market logic (and not subsidy-based) and demanded smoothening individual consumption (and not productively invested). The study of micro-credit institutions and the implications of their activities for the quality of social reproduction in South Africa set the empirical scene for this chapter.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 199.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Adesina, Jimi O. 2011. Beyond Social Protection Paradigm: Social Policy in Africa’s Development. Canadian Journal of Development Studies 32 (4): 454–470.

    Google Scholar 

  • African Union. 2015. Agenda 2063: The Africa We Want. Addis Ababa: African Union Commission.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ali, Murad, Gohar Saeed, Alam Zeb, and A. Farzand. 2016. Microcredit & Its Significance in Sustainable Development and Poverty Alleviation: Evidence from Asia, Africa, Latin America and Europe. The Dialogue 11 (3): 334–345.

    Google Scholar 

  • Altman, Miriam. 2007. Low Wage Work in South Africa. Pretoria: Human Science Research Council.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ardington, Cally, David A. Lam, Murray V. Leibrandt, and James Levinsohn. 2004. Savings, Insurance and Debt Over the Post-Apartheid Period: A Review of Recent Research. South African Journal of Economics 72 (3): 604–640.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ayele, Gashaw T. 2015. Microfinance Institutions in Ethiopia, Kenya and Uganda: Loan Outreach to the Poor and the Quest for Financial Validity. African Development Review 27 (2): 117–129.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bateman, Milford. 2014. South Africa’s Post-apartheid Microcredit Driven Calamity. Law, Democracy and Development 18: 92–135.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bateman, Milford, and Ha-Joon Chang. 2012. Microfinance and the Illusion of Development: From Hubris to Nemesis in Thirty Years. World Economic Review 1: 13–36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baumann, Ted. 2004. Pro-poor Microcredit in South Africa: Cost-Efficiency and Productivity of South African Pro-poor Microfinance Institutions. Development Southern Africa 21 (5): 785–798.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bayulgen, Oksan. 2013. Giving Credit Where Credit Is Due: Can Access to Credit Be Justified as a New Economic Right. Journal of Human Rights 12: 491–510.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bond, Patrick. 2013. Debt, Uneven Development and Capitalist Crisis in South Africa: From Moody’s Macroeconomic Monitoring to Marikana Microfinance Mashonisas. Third World Quarterly 34 (4): 569–592.

    Google Scholar 

  • Calvin, Barbara, and Gerhard Coetzee. 2010. A Review of the South African Microfinance Sector, 2009: Success, Challenges, and Policy Issues. Pretoria: FinMark Trust and the Centre for Microfinance, University of Pretoria.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davis, John B. 2006. The Turn in Economics: Neoclassical Dominance to Mainstream Pluralism. Journal of Institutional Economics 2 (1): 1–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dickinson, James, and Bob Russell. 1986. Introduction: The Structure of Reproduction in Capitalist Society. In Family, Economy and State: The Social Reproduction Process Under Capitalism, ed. James Dickinson and Bob Russell, 1–20. London: Croom Helm.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elahi, Khandakar Q., and Lutfor M. Rahman. 2006. Micro-credit and Micro-finance: Functional and Conceptual Differences. Development in Practice 16 (5): 476–483.

    Google Scholar 

  • Endres, Anthony M. 1997. Neoclassical Microeconomic Theory: The Founding Austrian Version. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Esping-Andersen, Gøsta. 1990. The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism. Cambridge: Polity Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 1999. The Social Foundations of Postindustrial Economies. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feasibility Ltd. 2011. The Cost of Credit, Access to Credit and Associated Market Practices. In Report for the National Credit Regulator. Pretoria: National Credit Regulator.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hannig, Alfred, and Stefan Jansen. 2010. Financial Inclusion and Financial Stability: Current Policy Issues. Asian Development Bank Institute Working Paper No. 259.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heinrich, Michael. 2012. An Introduction to the Three Volumes of Karl Marx’s Capital. New York: Monthly Review Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hennink, Monique, and Deborah A. McFarland. 2013. A Delicate Web: Household Changes in Health Behaviour Enabled by Microcredit in Burkina Faso. Global Public Health 8 (2): 144–158.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hietalahti, Johanna, and Mikael Linden. 2006. Socio-economic Impacts of Microfinance and Repayment Performance: A Case Study of the Small Enterprise Foundation, South Africa. Progress in Development Studies 6 (3): 201–210.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hilson, Gavin, and Abigail Ackah-Baidoo. 2011. Can Microcredit Services Alleviate Hardship in African Small-Scale Mining Communities. World Development 39 (7): 1191–1203.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hodgson, Geoffrey, M. 2002. Introduction. In A Modern Reader in Institutional and Evolutionary Economics: Key Concepts, ed. Geoffrey M. Hodgson, xiii–xxix. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

    Google Scholar 

  • James, Deborah. 2014. “Deeper into a Hole?” Borrowing and Lending in South Africa. Current Anthropology 55 (S9): S17–S29.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2015. Money from Nothing: Indebtedness and Aspirations in South Africa. Stanford: Stanford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jessop, Bob. 1997. Twenty Years of the (Parisian) Regulation Approach: The Paradox of Success and Failure at Home and Abroad. New Political Economy 2 (3): 503–526.

    Google Scholar 

  • Karim, Lamia. 2008. Demystifying Micro-credit: The Grameen Bank, NGOs, and Neoliberalism in Bangladesh. Cultural Dynamics 20 (1): 5–29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levy, Shlomit, and Louis Guttman. 1975. On the Multivariate Structure of Well-Being. Social Indicators Research 2 (3): 361–388.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lowenberg, Anton D. 1990. Neoclassical Economics as a Theory of Politics and Institutions. Cato Journal 9 (3): 619–639.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mafeje, Archie. 1986. South Africa: The Dynamics of a Beleaguered State. African Journal of Political Economy 1 (1): 95–119.

    Google Scholar 

  • Makina, Daniel, and Louisa M. Malobola. 2004. Impact Assessment of Microfinance Programmes, Including Lessons from Khula Enterprise Finance. Development Southern Africa 21 (5): 799–814.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marshall, Alfred. 1920. Principles of Economics: An Introductory Volume. 8th ed. London: Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marx, Karl. 1973. Grundrisse. London: Penguin Books in Association with New Left Review.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 1976. Capital: A Critique of Political Economy, (Volume One). London: Penguin Books in Association with New Left Review.

    Google Scholar 

  • May, Christopher. 2010. John Ruskin’s Political Economy: ‘There Is No Wealth But Life’. The British Journal of Politics and International Relations 12 (2): 189–204.

    Google Scholar 

  • McHoul, Alec, and Wendy Grace. 1993. A Foucault Primer: Discourse, Power and the Subject. London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mills, Sara. 2004. Michel Foucault. New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mkandawire, Thandika. 2004. Social Policy in a Development Context: Introduction. In Social Policy in a Development Context, ed. Thandika Mkandawire, 1–33. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2007. Transformative Social Policy and Innovation in Developing Countries. The European Journal of Development Research 19 (1): 13–29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Muhumuza, William. 2005. Unfulfilled Promises? NGOs’ Micro-credit Programmes and Poverty Reduction in Uganda. Journal of Contemporary African Studies 23 (3): 391–416.

    Google Scholar 

  • Omomowo, Kolawole E. 2015. The Lords of Poverty? Micro-Credit Institutions and Social Reproduction in South Africa. PhD thesis, University of the Western Cape, South Africa.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pack, Spencer J. 2010. Aristotle, Adam Smith and Karl Marx: On Some Fundamental Issues in 21st Century Political Economy. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peebles, Gustav. 2010. The Anthropology of Credit and Debit. Annual Review of Anthropology 39: 225–240.

    Google Scholar 

  • Picchio, Antonella. 1992. Social Reproduction: The Political Economy of the Labour Market. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Polanyi, Karl. 2001. The Great Transformation: The Political and Economic Origin of Our Time (2nd Paperback Edition). Boston: Beacon Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reisman, David. 2004. Richard Titmuss: Welfare as Good Conduct. European Journal of Political Economy 20 (2004): 771–794.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reisman, David A. 2007. Economic Sociology and Institutional Economics. Journal of Institutional Economics 3 (1): 91–112.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reisman, David. 2010. Economy, Society, the State: The Revival of Political Economy. Theoria: A Journal of Social & Political Theory 57 (122): 92–95.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sankaran, Mohanan. 2005. Micro Credit in India: An Overview. World Review of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development 1 (1): 91–100.

    Google Scholar 

  • Say, Jean-Baptiste. 1971 (Reprint). A Treatise on Political Economy or the Production, Distribution and Consumption. New York: Augustus M. Kelly Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schraten, Jürgen. 2012. Managing Consumer Debt Crisis. Towards Carnegie III, University of Cape Town. http://www.mandelainitiative.org.za/images/docs/2012/papers/238_Schraten_Managing%20a%20consumer%20debt%20crisis.pdf

  • ———. 2014. The Transformation of South African Credit Market. Transformation 85 (2014): 1–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Semboja, Haji H.H. 2004. Small Is Beautiful, But Growth Is Inevitable: Experiences of Apex Institutions in Senegal and Tanzania. Development Southern Africa 21 (5): 867–878.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sen, Amartya. 1999. Development as Freedom. New York: Anchor Books – Random House Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2008. Capability and Well-Being. In The Philosophy of Economics: an Anthology, ed. Daniel M. Hausman, 3rd ed., 270–294. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2009. The Idea of Justice. Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Simanowitz, Anton. 1999. Effective Strategies for Reaching the Poor. Development Southern Africa 16 (1): 169–181.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smelser, Neil J., and Richard Swedberg. 2005. Introducing Economic Sociology. In The Handbook of Economic Sociology, ed. Neil J. Smelser and Richard Swedberg, 3–25. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, Phil, and Eric Thurman. 2007. A Billion Bootstraps: Microcredit, Barefoot Banking, and the Business Solution for Ending Poverty. New York: McGraw Hill.

    Google Scholar 

  • Soederberg, Susanne. 2013. Universalising Financial Inclusion and the Securitisation of Development. Third World Quarterly 34 (4): 593–612.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sotiropoulos, Dimitris P. 2009. Why John Stuart Mill Should Not Be Enlisted Among Neoclassical Economists. The European Journal of The History of Economic Thought 16 (3): 455–473.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stark, Barbara. 2009. Theories of Poverty/The Poverty of Theory. Brigham Young University Law Review 2 (2009): 381–430.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stewart, Ruth., Carina Van Rooyen, Kelly Dickson, Mabolaeng Majoro, and Thea De Wet. 2010. What is the Impact of Microfinance on Poor People? A Systematic Review of Evidence from sub-Saharan Africa. London: EPPI-Centre, Social Science Research Unit, University of London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, Marcus. 2012. The Antinomies of ‘Financial Inclusion’: Debt, Distress and the Workings of Indian Microfinance. Journal of Agrarian Change 12 (4): 601–610.

    Google Scholar 

  • Terreblanche, Sampie. 2002. A History of Inequality in South Africa, 1652–2002. Pietermaritzburg: University of Natal Press and KMM Review Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • UNRISD. 2006. Transformative Social Policy: Lesson from UNRISD Research. UNRISD Research and Policy Brief 5. Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Rooyen, Carina, Ruth Stewart, and Thea De Wet. 2012. The Impact of Microfinance in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review of the Evidence. World Development 40 (11): 2249–2262.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vishwanatha, Mutamuliza E. 2017. Access to Microcredit for Smallholder Agricultural Producers in Rwanda (Africa): Emerging Challenges and Issues. Journal of Commerce & Management Thought 8 (3): 452–466.

    Google Scholar 

  • White, Alan M. 2012. Credit and Human Welfare: Lessons from Microcredit in Developing Nations. Washington & Lee Law Review 69 (2): 1093–1139.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Bank. 2008. Finance for All. Washington, DC: World Bank.

    Google Scholar 

  • ———. 2016. World Development Indicators 2016. Washington, DC: World Bank.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zaman, Hassan. 2000. Assessing Poverty and Vulnerability Impact of Micro-Credit in Bangladesh: A Case Study of BRAC. Washington, DC: World Bank.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Omomowo, K.E. (2020). The Political Economy of Micro-Credit in Africa. In: Oloruntoba, S.O., Falola, T. (eds) The Palgrave Handbook of African Political Economy. Palgrave Handbooks in IPE. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38922-2_43

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics