Abstract
Pistacia lentiscus, Artemisia herba-alba and Citrullus colocynthis are medicinal plants known for a long time in herbal medicine. Here we review their bioactive substances and pharmacological effects from 215 literature articles. Species contain essential oils, oils and phytochemicals such as cucurbitacin, gallic-acid, quercetin, masticadienonic acid and oleanonic acid. Those compounds display hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, anticancer, antihypercholesterolemic and hepatoprotective effects.
The present review is a part of a project on aromatic and medicinal plants in southern Algeria, it is followed by others experimental studies concerning biological activities of the plants.
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- ABTS:
-
2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)
- AFM:
-
Atomic Force Microscope
- ALP:
-
Alkaline Phosphatase
- CE:
-
Catechin Equivalents
- CFU:
-
Colony Forming Unit
- DPPH:
-
2,2-DiPhenyl-1-PicrylHydrazyl
- FRAP:
-
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power
- GAE:
-
Gallic Acid Equivalents
- GC-MS:
-
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
- HAEC:
-
Human Aortic Endothelial Cells
- HPLC:
-
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
- IC50:
-
The half maximal inhibitory concentration
- IR:
-
Infrared Spectroscopy
- LD50:
-
Median Lethal Dose
- LPS:
-
Lipopolysaccharide
- MBC:
-
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration
- OII:
-
Ocular Irritation Index
- PII:
-
Primary Irritation Index
- RPMI:
-
Roswell Park Memorial Institute medium
- SGOT:
-
Serum Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase
- SGPT:
-
Serum Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase
- VCD:
-
Vibrational circular dichroism
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Acknowledgments
The authors thank the staff of Laboratory for protection of ecosystems in the arid and semi-arid area. Ouargla University. Algeria, the library staff Saida University. Algeria, for their support and for providing valuable information during this work.
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Gacem, M.A., Ould El Hadj-Khelil, A., Boudjemaa, B., Gacem, H. (2020). Phytochemistry, Toxicity and Pharmacology of Pistacia lentiscus, Artemisia herba-alba and Citrullus colocynthis. In: Lichtfouse, E. (eds) Sustainable Agriculture Reviews 39. Sustainable Agriculture Reviews, vol 39. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38881-2_3
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