Abstract
The TAO theory (Τ-theory), or function-construction theory, is a theory about the way subjects (people) perceive the things that surround them. TAO stands for Teleology, Affordance, Ontology. The foundations part starts with an excerpt from Gibson’s theory of affordances. This theory clarifies the being subjective of affordances. Next, the intended affordances, commonly called functions, of designed things (artefacts) are discussed. Although people are mostly and primarily interested in the functions (affordances) that things may offer them, engineers are also interested in the construction of things. Contrary to function, construction is an objective notion. Related to function is the notion of experience, defined as the sensation that an affordance evokes in someone’s mind. Based on it, the notion of value is discussed as the intensity of experience, measurable on an ordinal scale. The elaborations part starts with a discussion of constructional models and functional models, their incommensurability, and the fundamental difference between constructional decompositions and functional ones. Next, these findings are illustrated to an example of an enterprise.
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Dietz, J.L.G., Mulder, H.B.F. (2020). The TAO Theory: Understanding Function and Construction. In: Enterprise Ontology. The Enterprise Engineering Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38854-6_7
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