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Regional Space Cooperation: Latin American Experience

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Space Supporting Latin America

Abstract

This chapter illustrates Latin American experience in regional cooperation in space activities, mainly by summarizing the evolution of the Space Conferences of the Americas and the South American Space Generation Advisory Council. The Conferences addressed topics such as the prospects of cooperation for development and regional integration, security and development, and promotion of technology and education for the use of space science in the Americas. Also presented is the work of the South American Space Generation Advisory Council that aims to provide opportunities to share regional perspectives on space activities, bringing together students and young professionals, and organizing workshops in different countries. Finally, other bodies that contribute to successful cooperation are noted.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    See UN General Assembly Resolution 43/56 of 6 December 1988, https://undocs.org/en/A/RES/43/56 (accessed 4 September 2019).

  2. 2.

    Conferencia Espacial de las Américas (CEA).

  3. 3.

    Gobierno de México, Agencia Espacial Mexicana, Acciones y Programas, Conferencia Espacial de las Américas CEA, https://www.gob.mx/aem/acciones-y-programas/conferencia-espacial-de-las-americas-cea (accessed 25 August 2019).

  4. 4.

    Ibid.

  5. 5.

    Conferencia Espacial de las Américas, Objetivos, http://www.astroscu.unam.mx/congresos/ALF/cea/acerca.html (accessed 25 August 2019).

  6. 6.

    Martínez, J., Presente y futuro de la Conferencia Espacial de las Américas, https://afese.com/img/revistas/revista50/presfutesp.pdf (accessed 25 August 2019).

  7. 7.

    VII Conferencia Espacial de las Américas, Nicaragua 2015, http://viiceanicaragua2015.gob.ni/?page_id=160 (accessed 19 February 2019).

  8. 8.

    Martínez, J., Presente y futuro de la Conferencia Espacial de las Américas, https://afese.com/img/revistas/revista50/presfutesp.pdf (accessed 25 August 2019).

  9. 9.

    UNOOSA Doc, “Declaración de Santiago”, Anexo pp. 24, http://www.unoosa.org/pdf/gadocs/A_48_20S.pdf (accessed 12 March 2019).

  10. 10.

    Secretaría Pro Témpore (SPT).

  11. 11.

    Agencia Espacial Mexicana, Acciones y Programas, Conferencia Espacial de las Américas, 2019, https://www.gob.mx/aem/acciones-y-programas/conferencia-espacial-de-las-americas-cea (accessed 12 February 2019).

  12. 12.

    UNOOSA Doc, “Informe de la Comisión sobre la Utilización del Espacio Ultraterrestre con Fines Pacíficos”, Asamblea General, Documentos Oficiales, Quincuagésimo segundo período de sesiones Suplemento No. 20 (A/52/20), “Declaración de Punta del Este”, Anexos II, pp. 36, http://www.unoosa.org/pdf/gadocs/A_52_20S.pdf (accessed 15 March 2019).

  13. 13.

    UNOOSA Doc, “Informe de la Comisión sobre la Utilización del Espacio Ultraterrestre con Fines Pacíficos”, Asamblea General, Documentos Oficiales, Quincuagésimo segundo período de sesiones Suplemento No. 20 (A/52/20), “Plan de Acción de Cooperación Regional”, Anexos II, pp. 37, http://www.unoosa.org/pdf/gadocs/A_52_20S.pdf (accessed 15 March 2019).

  14. 14.

    Ibid.

  15. 15.

    Memorandum, Grupo de apoyo internacional y coordinadores de la IV CEA Cartagena de Indias, 15 to 17 de Mayo de 2002, http://www.astroscu.unam.mx/congresos/ALF/cea/Descargas/Documentos_historicos/CEAIV_Memorandum.pdf (accessed 15 March 2019).

  16. 16.

    Declaración de Cartagena de Indias.

  17. 17.

    UNOOSA Doc, Res. A/AC.105/L.261, “Informe de la secretaría Pro Tempore de la Cuarta Conferencia Espacial de las Américas”, 2005, http://www.unoosa.org/pdf/limited/l/AC105_L261S.pdf (accessed 18 February 2019).

  18. 18.

    Projects included prevention, early warning, rescue operations and mitigation of the effects of natural and anthropogenic disasters, education, research and development in science, technology, space applications and space law.

  19. 19.

    Universidad de Chile, “Derecho y Política Espacial Latinoamericana, Una vía a la integración”, pp. 68, http://repositorio.uchile.cl/bitstream/handle/2250/130070/Derecho-y-Politica-Espacial-Latinoamericana-Unavia.pdf?sequence=1 (accessed 15 March 2019).

  20. 20.

    UNOOSA Doc, Secretaria Pro-Tempore Conferencia Espacial de las Américas, http://www.unoosa.org/documents/pdf/psa/activities/2008/colombia/presentations/9-6.pdf (accessed 10 September 2019).

  21. 21.

    Declaración de San Francisco de Quito.

  22. 22.

    CEA, VI Conferencia Espacial de las Americas, http://www.astroscu.unam.mx/congresos/ALF/cea/cea.html (accessed 10 September 2019).

  23. 23.

    Space Conference of the Americas, “VI Space Conference of the Americas Schedule”, http://www.astroscu.unam.mx/congresos/ALF/cea/Descargas/PDF/VI_CEA_VI_Programa_General_Preliminar_V3_ENG.pdf (accessed 10 September 2019).

  24. 24.

    CRECTEALC Doc, VI Conferencia Espacial de las Américas, Panel Informativo “Participación Institucional y de iES en materia Aeroespacial y de Telecomunicaciones”, http://www.cudi.edu.mx/boletin/2010/ipn/04_S_Camacho_VI_CEA.pdf (accessed 10 September 2019).

  25. 25.

    CRECTEALC Doc, VI Conferencia Espacial de las Américas, Panel Informativo “Participación Institucional y de iES en materia Aeroespacial y de Telecomunicaciones”, http://www.cudi.edu.mx/boletin/2010/ipn/04_S_Camacho_VI_CEA.pdf (accessed 10 September 2019).

  26. 26.

    Centro Regional de Enseñanza de Ciencia y Tecnología del Espacio para América Latina y el Caribe.

  27. 27.

    UN-SPIDER, “Conferencia especial de las américas”, 2010, http://www.unspider.org/sites/default/files/Brochure_gen%20inf%20WORD%20ENG.pdf (accessed 18 February 2019).

  28. 28.

    Feria Internacional de la Industria Aeroespacial y Telecomunicaciones (FIAT).

  29. 29.

    Ghitis, F., A Russian Satellite-Tracking Facility in Nicaragua Raises Echoes of the Cold War, 2017, https://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/22385/a-russian-satellite-tracking-facility-in-nicaragua-raises-echoes-of-the-cold-war (accessed 10 September 2019).

  30. 30.

    Nicaragua has announced in 2013, that CAST has been selected to manufacture and launch the NicaSat-1 communications satellite. It will be based on the DFH-4 Bus. Launch is planned for 2019 on a CZ-3B/G2 rocket. The satellite project has apparently been renamed LSTSAT-1, https://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/nicasat-1.htm (accessed 10 September 2019).

  31. 31.

    Asociación Centroamericana de Aeronáutica y del Espacio (ACAE).

  32. 32.

    ACAE, Proyecto Irazú: Primer satélite de Costa Rica, https://www.acae-ca.org/proyectos/9-proyecto-irazu-primer-satelite-de-costa-rica (accessed 10 September 2019).

  33. 33.

    Ibid.

  34. 34.

    Ibid.

  35. 35.

    Ibid.

  36. 36.

    Ibid.

  37. 37.

    Ibid.

  38. 38.

    EO Sharing EO Resources, EO Portal Directory, IRAZU CubeSat Mission, https://directory.eoportal.org/web/eoportal/satellite-missions/i/irazu (accessed 12 September 2019).

  39. 39.

    Ibid.

  40. 40.

    “The States participating in the 3rd UN Conference on the Exploration and Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (UNISPACE III), held in Vienna from 19 to 30 July 1999: 1. Declare the following as the nucleus of a strategy to address global challenges in the future (…) d. Enhancing education and training opportunities and ensuring public awareness of the importance of space activities: action should be taken (…) vi. To create, within the framework of the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, a consultative mechanism to facilitate the continued participation of young people from all over the world, especially young people from developing countries and young women, in cooperative space-related activities…”, Report of the 3rd UN Conference on the Exploration and Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, 1999, http://www.unoosa.org/pdf/reports/unispace/ACONF184_6E.pdf (accessed 9 September 2019).

  41. 41.

    SGAC, SGAC Creation at UNISPACE III, https://spacegeneration.org/cool_timeline/sgac-creation-at-unispace-iii (accessed 9 September 2019).

  42. 42.

    SGAC, About, https://spacegeneration.org/about (accessed 9 September 2019).

  43. 43.

    Ibid.

  44. 44.

    Congreso Argentino de Tecnología Espacial (CATE).

  45. 45.

    SGAC, South American Regional Space Generation Workshop 2015, https://archives.spacegeneration.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1280 (accessed 11 September 2019).

  46. 46.

    Congreso Latino Americano de Astrobiología (I-CLA).

  47. 47.

    Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú (PUCP).

  48. 48.

    Sociedad Cientifica de Astrobiología del Perú (SCAP).

  49. 49.

    Sociedad Cientifica de Astrobiología del Perú, 2019, http://astrobiologyperu.wixsite.com/grupoastrobioperu (accessed 18 February 2019).

  50. 50.

    La Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, “First Peruvian Space Week 2016”, https://agenda.pucp.edu.pe/evento/first-peruvian-space-week/ (accessed 18 February 2019).

  51. 51.

    SA-SGW Homepage, 2016, https://archives.spacegeneration.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1649 (accessed 18 February 2019).

  52. 52.

    Universidad de Ingeniería y Tecnología (UTEC).

  53. 53.

    Space Generation Advisory Council, “South American Region”, 2019, https://spacegeneration.org/regions/south-america (accessed 18 February 2019).

  54. 54.

    SGAC, SA-SGW 2017, São José dos Campos, São Paulo State, Brazil, https://archives.spacegeneration.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2095&catid=931&Itemid=2938 (accessed 9 September 2019).

  55. 55.

    Congreso International de Electrónica, Control y Telecomunicaciones (CIECT).

  56. 56.

    Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, “Welcome to the XIII International Congress of Electronics, Control and Telecommunications (CIECT)” 2018, https://comunidad.udistrital.edu.co/ciect13eng/2018/05/10/hola-mundo-2/ (accessed 19 February 2019).

  57. 57.

    Space Generation Advisory Council, “The 4th South American Space Generation Workshop”, 2019, https://spacegeneration.org/sa-sgw-2018 (accessed 19 February 2019).

  58. 58.

    Sociedad Latinoamericana en Percepción Remota y Sistemas de Información Espacial (SELPER).

  59. 59.

    Sociedad Latinoamericana en Percepción Remota y Sistemas de Información Espacial, “¿Qúe es Selper?”, https://selper.info/que-es-selper/ (accessed 27 February 2019).

  60. 60.

    MundoGeo, SELPER populariza imagens de satélite, https://mundogeo.com/2006/03/01/selper-populariza-imagens-de-satelite/ (accessed 12 September 2019).

  61. 61.

    SELPER Brasil, Capítulos Especiais, http://www.selperbrasil.org.br/capitulos_especiais.php (accessed 1 September 2019).

  62. 62.

    SELPER Brasil, http://www.selperbrasil.org.br/ (accessed 12 September 2019).

  63. 63.

    SELPER Brasil, Sobre a SELPER, http://www.selperbrasil.org.br/sobre_a_selper.php (accessed 12 September 2019).

  64. 64.

    OAS, “Member States”, 2019, http://www.oas.org/en/member_states/default.asp (accessed 27 February 2019).

  65. 65.

    OAS, “Who We Are”, 2019, http://www.oas.org/en/about/who_we_are.asp (accessed 27 February 2019).

  66. 66.

    Ibid.

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Froehlich, A., Amante Soria, D.A., De Marchi, E. (2020). Regional Space Cooperation: Latin American Experience. In: Space Supporting Latin America. Studies in Space Policy, vol 25. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38520-0_3

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