Abstract
In 1824, France had reverted to the splendor of the Bourbon monarchy. On September 16, the ailing King Louis XVIII died. His brother succeeded him to the throne as King Charles X of France. In the first few months of his rule, the government passed a series of laws that bolstered the power of the nobility and clergy, which met with particular public disapproval. This reign dramatized the failure of the Bourbons, after their restoration, to reconcile the tradition of the monarchy by divine right with the democratic spirit produced in the wake of the 1789 Revolution.
L’infini est le gouffre où se perdent nos pensées. [Infinity is the abyss where our thoughts are lost.]
—SOPHIE GERMAIN
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
Stupuy (1896), pp. 323–324.
- 2.
Institut de France. Procès-verbaux. Tome VIII. pp. 121–123.
- 3.
Del Centina (2005), p. 6.
- 4.
Libri (1833).
- 5.
Del Centina (2005), p. 6.
- 6.
Libri (1833).
- 7.
Legendre (1827), p. 17.
- 8.
Legendre (1825).
- 9.
Germain (1826).
- 10.
Del Centina (2006), p. 1.
- 11.
Grattan-Guinness (1984), pp. 75–76.
- 12.
Menso Folkerts (personal communication, September 2019).
- 13.
Gauss (1828a).
- 14.
Gauss (1828b).
- 15.
Germain-Gauss Correspondence, Letter 14 dated 28 March 1829.
- 16.
The July Column or Colonne de Juillet, located on Place de la Bastille, commemorates the events of the Three Glorious Days of 1830.
- 17.
Institut de France. Procès-verbaux. Tome IX, p. 511.
- 18.
Del Centina (2005), p. 12.
- 19.
Germain (1831b), pp. 201–204.
- 20.
Germain (1831a), pp. 1–29.
- 21.
Hachette (1831), pp. 17–19.
- 22.
Germain (1831b).
- 23.
Legendre (1832).
- 24.
Del Centina (2005), pp. 11–12.
- 25.
Bucciarelli and Dworsky (1980), p. 122.
- 26.
Ibid., pp. 121–122.
- 27.
Del Centina (2005).
- 28.
He took Fourier’s position on 7 June 1830.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Musielak, D. (2020). The Last Years. In: Sophie Germain. Springer Biographies. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38375-6_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38375-6_12
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-38374-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-38375-6
eBook Packages: Mathematics and StatisticsMathematics and Statistics (R0)