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Biosurfactant in Food and Agricultural Application

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Environmental Biotechnology Vol. 2

Abstract

Biosurfactants are synthesized majorly by microbes like bacteria and fungi (yeast) and known to decrease the interfacial and surface tension between immiscible liquids. Other properties such as detergency, wettability and foaming properties make biosurfactant suitable for different applications. Recently, biosurfactants are gaining attraction as potential alternate for chemically synthesized surfactant for current development for industrial and ecological sustainability. According to WHO and FAO, ‘probiotics’ are live microorganisms that when consumed is believed to produce medical benefits to the consumer. LAB (lactic acid bacteria) are most documented to yield several antimicrobial compounds like biosurfactant, bacteriocin, hydrogen peroxide and carbon peroxide that inhibit the growth of pathogens. Predicting biofilm development on surface and use of biosurfactant would lessen the contamination, decrease damages and, in turn, decline costs to the food processing industries. Biosurfactants produced from different microbes are known to have antimicrobial activity against plant phytopathogens and shown to be a promising biocontrol agent for achieving sustainable agriculture. The most reported biosurfactants as biocontrol agent are rhamnolipid and lipopeptide. Biosurfactant demonstrated antagonist effect on zoosporic plant phytopathogen that has acquired resistance to commercial pesticides, thus initiating their use as biocontrol agent. Biosurfactant can likewise excite immunity of the plant which is considered as an alternate approach to decrease the disease caused by phytopathogens. The present chapter covers and reviews the aspects of biosurfactant in food and agriculture applications.

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Acknowledgements

Dr. Nalini. S acknowledges the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science and Technology (DOST), Govt. of India, New Delhi, for the award of the National Post-Doctoral Fellowship program (PDF/2016/000989). The authors are greatful for facilities provided by the DST-FIST (SR/FST/ESI-145/2016) towards Centre for Ocean Research.

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Correspondence to Dhinakarasamy Inbakanadan .

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Nalini, S., Parthasarathi, R., Inbakanadan, D. (2020). Biosurfactant in Food and Agricultural Application. In: Gothandam, K., Ranjan, S., Dasgupta, N., Lichtfouse, E. (eds) Environmental Biotechnology Vol. 2. Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World, vol 45. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38196-7_4

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