Abstract
In this chapter, the phase transformations occurring during the thermal treatment of gels at an increasing temperature are addressed. These comprise the chemical transformations, such as dehydration, at the lowest temperatures. Then comes the so-called topotactic transformations at moderately high temperatures, to form metastable transition phases, in particular glassy phases. The more traditional phase transformation mechanisms by spinodal decomposition or by nucleation and growth to produce stable thermodynamics phases come next. These transformations concern oxide as well as non-oxide and multicomponent gels. Regarding non-oxide materials, some of them can also be made by reaction of oxide gels with appropriate reactants, at relatively high temperature. This domain is summarized in the last section.
Another important type of thermal evolution during thermal treatment is sintering. This subject is addressed in Chap. 13.
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Pierre, A.C. (2020). Phase Transformation. In: Introduction to Sol-Gel Processing. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38144-8_12
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