Abstract
The environmental contaminants are a leading cause of various health hazards. There is a huge amount of effort that has been devoted for detection and decontamination. The ever-growing pollutants have brought significant attention toward development of sensors which can act at high specificity and sensitivity. The water pollution worldwide is a public health threat, and on-site detection is of great interest.
The exciting fluorescence properties of carbon dots have established them as an important sensing material of optical regime. A plethora of sensors have been reported in the last decade using the fluorescence switching of carbon dot in the presence of an analyte. This chapter provides a detailed overview of different environmental pollutants classified as metal ions (arsenic, lead, mercury, cadmium, chromium, and palladium), anions (sulfide, phosphate, thiosulfate), and chemical moieties (phenols) and their detection using carbon dot-based optical sensors. The performance of these optical sensors is compared on the basis of limit of detection and the linear working range of the sensor. The health hazards caused by these contaminants are briefly discussed. The chemical and green synthesis methods along with structural and optical properties of these carbon nanolights are also discussed.
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Acknowledgments
V.S. is thankful to IIT Indore for postdoctoral fellowship. P.T. acknowledge MHRD for fellowship. SMM thanks CSIR, New Delhi (Project No. 01(2935)/18/EMR-II) and SERB-DST (Project no. EMR/2016/001113), Govt. of India, for the research grant.
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Sharma, V., Tiwari, P., Mobin, S.M. (2020). Carbon Nanolights as Optical Nanosensors for Water Contaminants. In: Kumar Tuteja, S., Arora, D., Dilbaghi, N., Lichtfouse, E. (eds) Nanosensors for Environmental Applications. Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World, vol 43. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38101-1_5
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