Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Simulation Models of Generating Unit Elements

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Synchronous Generators and Excitation Systems Operating in a Power System

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering ((LNEE,volume 631))

  • 601 Accesses

Abstract

This chapter deals with different models of synchronous generators and excitation systems operating in a power system. The most important equations describing particular mathematical models are given and the simplifying assumptions are presented. The following generator models are presented in detail: linear RL models of type (3,3), (2,2), (2,1) and (1,0), nonlinear RL model of type (3,3), reduced RL models, GENROU—XT model of a synchronous generator with a cylindrical rotor, GENSAL—XT model of a synchronous generator with a salient pole rotor. Rotor mechanical equations and generator electromagnetic torque equation are given. In this chapter, selected models of excitation systems recommended by the IEEE Committee and the models of electromachine and static excitation systems operating in the Polish PS are also presented. This chapter contains descriptions of the excitation system models, schematic diagrams, state equations, output equations, inequalities describing limiters, initial values of state variables of the analyzed excitation systems. At the end of this chapter, the general model of a generating unit developed by the authors is described. This model was created by appropriate combination of models of: synchronous generator, excitation system, turbine and PSS.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Anderson PM, Fouad AA (2003) Power system control and stability. Wiley Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Arjona MA (2004) Parameter calculation of a turbogenerator during an open-circuit transient excitation. IEEE Trans Energy Convers 19(1):46–52

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Ban D, Žarko D, Maljković Z (1998) The application of finite element method for more accurate calculation and analysis of turbogenerator parameters. Electric Power Compon Syst 26(10):1081–1093

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Bastos JPA, Sadowski N (2003) Electromagnetic modeling by finite element methods. Marcel Dekker, Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Berhausen S, Paszek S (2015) Use of the finite element method for parameter estimation of the circuit model of a high power synchronous generator. Bull Pol Acad Sci 63(3):575–582

    Google Scholar 

  6. Berhausen S, PaszekS (2018) Calculation of selected parameters of synchronous generators of different construction based on the analysis of the waveforms for a two-phase short-circuit. Paper presented at the international symposium on electrical machines, SME, Andrychów, Poland, 10-13 June 2018, pp 1–5

    Google Scholar 

  7. Białek J, Paszek S, Boboń A, Kudła J (2002) Synchronous machine parameter derivation program. Project ECP1219/C3762 sponsored by EPRI Solutions, Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. (Contractor: University of Durham, School of Engineering, Durham, UK), Paolo Alto, USA

    Google Scholar 

  8. Boboń A, Bojarska M, Kraszewski T, Majka Ł, Pasko M, Paszek S, Pruski P (2012) Computations of generating unit model parameters using program PARZW with database. Paper presented at the 10th international conference control of power systems, CPS, Ta-transké Matliare, High Tatras, Slovak Republic, 15-17 May 2012, pp 169–170

    Google Scholar 

  9. Boboń A, Nocoń A, Paszek S, Pruski P (2017) Determination of synchronous generator nonlinear model parameters based on power rejection tests using a gradient optimization al-gorithm. Bull Pol Acad Sci 65(4):479–488. https://doi.org/10.1515/bpasts-2017-0053

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Boldea I (2006) Synchronous generators. Taylor & Francis

    Google Scholar 

  11. Ong C-M (1998) Dynamic simulation of electric machinery using Matlab/Simulink. Prentice Hall, New Jersey

    Google Scholar 

  12. Trebincevic I, Malik OP (1996) Computer models for representation of digital-based excitation systems. IEEE Trans Energy Convers 11(3):607–615

    Google Scholar 

  13. Dandeno PL, Hauth RL, Schulz RP (1973) Effects of synchronous machine modelling in large scale system studies. IEEE Trans Power Apparatus Syst PAS 92(2):574–582

    Google Scholar 

  14. Dandeno PL, Kundur P, Poray AT, Zein El-din HM (1981) Adaptation and validation of turbogenerator model parameters through on-line frequency response measurements. IEEE Trans Power Apparatus Syst PAS 100(4):1656–1665

    Google Scholar 

  15. de Mello FP, Hannett LH (1983) Determination of synchronous machine electrical characteristics by test. IEEE Trans Power Apparatus Syst 102(12):3810–3815

    Google Scholar 

  16. de Mello FP, Hannett LH (1986) Representation of saturation in synchronous machines. IEEE Trans Power Syst PWRS 1(4):8–18

    Google Scholar 

  17. El-Serafi AM, Abdallah AS (1991) Effect of saturation on the steady-state stability of a synchronous machine connected to an infinite bus system. IEEE Trans Energy Convers 6(3):514–521

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Feltes JW, Orero S, Fardanesh B, Uzunovic E, Zelingher S, Abi-Samra N (2002) Deriving model parameters from field test measurements. IEEE Comput Appl Power 30–36

    Google Scholar 

  19. Gao J, Zhang L, Wang X (2009) AC machine systems, mathematical model and parameters, analysis, and system performance. Springer, Berlin-Heidelberg

    Google Scholar 

  20. Ghomi M, Najafi YS (2007) Review of synchronous generator parameters estimation and model identification. Paper presented at the 42nd international universities power engineering conference, UPEC, September 2007, pp 228–235

    Google Scholar 

  21. Horning S, Keyhani A, Kamwa I (1997) On-line evaluation of a round rotor synchronous machine parameter set estimated from standstill time-domain data. IEEE Trans Energy Convers 12(4):289–296

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Hutchison G, Zahawi B, Harmer K, Gadoue S, Giaouris D (2015) Non-invasive identification of turbogenerator parameters from actual transient network data. Gener, Trans Distrib, IET 9(11):1129–1136

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. IEEE Committee Report (1973) Dynamic models for steam and hydro turbines in power system studies. IEEE Trans Power Apparatus Syst, PAS 92(6):1904–1915

    Google Scholar 

  24. IEEE Standard 421.5 (2016) IEEE recommended practice for excitation system models for power system stability studies. IEEE Standard 421.5

    Google Scholar 

  25. IEEE Standard 1110–2002, 11 (2003) IEEE guide for synchronous generator modeling practices and applications in power system stability analyses. IEEE Std 1110–2002, 11

    Google Scholar 

  26. Kovács PK (1984) Transient phenomena in electrical machines. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest

    Google Scholar 

  27. Krause PC (1986) Analysis of electric machinery. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York

    Google Scholar 

  28. Krause P, Wasynczuk O, Sudhoff S, Pekarek S (2013) Analysis of electric machinery and drive systems, , 3rd edn. Wiley-IEEE Press

    Google Scholar 

  29. Kundur P (1994) Power system stability and control. McGraw-Hill, Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Kyriakides E, Heydt GT, Vittal V (2005) Online parameter estimation of round rotor synchronous generators including magnetic saturation. IEEE Trans Energy Convers 20(3):529–537

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Majka Ł, Paszek S (2007) Turbogenerator and electromachine excitation system parameter identification on the ground of measuring tests made in Power Plant Rybnik. Paper presented at the 30th international conference on fundamentals of electrotechnics and circuit theory, SPETO, Ustroń, May 2007, pp 179–180

    Google Scholar 

  32. Majka Ł, Paszek S (2009) Use of selected optimisation algorithm for estimation of excitation system model parameters. Paper presented at the advanced methods of the theory of electrical engineering AMTEE, Cheb, Czech Republic, Sept 2009, pp IV-7–IV-8

    Google Scholar 

  33. Majka Ł, Paszek S (2010) Algorithms for estimation of models parameters of excitation system of an electrical machine. Acta Tech CSAV 55(2):179–194

    Google Scholar 

  34. Majka Ł, Paszek S (2016) Mathematical model parameter estimation of a generating unit operating in the polish national power system. Bull Pol Acad Sci 64(2):409–416

    Google Scholar 

  35. Mathworks, Inc.: Matlab User’s Guide (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  36. Mathworks, Inc.: Using Simulink (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  37. Montero LR, Mota WS, Jacobina CB (1996) A microcomputer-based load angle and frequency measurement. IEEE Proc Instrum Meas Technol Conf 606–609

    Google Scholar 

  38. Munoz-Hernandez GA, Mansoor SP, Jones DI (2012) Modelling and controlling hydropower plants. Springer, London

    Google Scholar 

  39. Nocoń A, Boboń A, Paszek S, Pasko M, Pruski P, Majka Ł, Szuster D, Bojarska M (2011) Measurement parameter estimation of the model of a synchronous generator working in thermal electric power plant. Paper presented at the 10th international conference on “advanced methods in the theory of electrical engineering, AMTEE, 6–9 Sept 2011, Klatovy, Czech Republic, pp VI-3-4

    Google Scholar 

  40. Padiyar KR (1999) Analysis of subsynchronous resonance in power systems. Springer, Boston, MA

    Book  Google Scholar 

  41. Paszek S, Boboń A, Kudła J, Białek J, Abi-Samra N (2005) Parameter estimation of the mathematical model of a generator, excitation system and turbine. Przegląd Elektrotechniczny 81(11):7–12

    Google Scholar 

  42. Paszek S, Nocoń A (2014) Optimisation and polyoptimisation of power system stabilizer parameters. Lambert Academic Publishing, Saarbrücken, Germany

    Google Scholar 

  43. Paszek S, Nocoń A (2015) Parameter polyoptimization of PSS2A power system stabilizers operating in a multi-machine power system including the uncertainty of model parameters. Appl Math Comput 267:750–757. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amc.2014.12.013

  44. Plancon J (1996) Finite element analysis for determining the operating parameters of high-power generators. Paper presented at the conference ELECTRIMACS, 17–19 Sept 1996, pp 427–433

    Google Scholar 

  45. Power Technologies, a Division of S&W Consultants Inc.: Program PSS/E application guide. Siemens Power Technologies Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  46. Pyrhonen J, Jokinen T, Hrabovcova V (2008) Design of rotating electrical machines. Wiley Ltd., New Jersey

    Book  Google Scholar 

  47. Rehaoulia H, Henao H, Capolino GA (2007) Modeling of synchronous machines with magnetic saturation. Electric Power Syst Res 77:652–659

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Salon SJ (2000) Finite element analysis of electrical machines. Kluwer Academic Publishers, New York

    Google Scholar 

  49. Wang X-F, Song Y, Irving M (2008) Mathematical model of synchronous generator and load. In: Modern power systems analysis. Springer Boston, MA, pp 333–404

    Google Scholar 

  50. Zaker B, Gharehpetian GB, Karrari M (2018) Improving synchronous generator parameters estimation using d-q axes test and considering saturation effect. IEEE Trans Ind Inf 14(5):1898–1908

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Zhou P-B (1993) Numerical analysis of electromagnetic fields. In: Electric energy systems and engineering series. Springer, New York

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland

    Stefan Paszek

  2. Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland

    Andrzej Boboń

  3. Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland

    Sebastian Berhausen

  4. Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland

    Łukasz Majka

  5. Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland

    Adrian Nocoń

  6. Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland

    Piotr Pruski

Authors
  1. Stefan Paszek
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Andrzej Boboń
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Sebastian Berhausen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Łukasz Majka
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Adrian Nocoń
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Piotr Pruski
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Stefan Paszek .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Paszek, S., Boboń, A., Berhausen, S., Majka, Ł., Nocoń, A., Pruski, P. (2020). Simulation Models of Generating Unit Elements. In: Synchronous Generators and Excitation Systems Operating in a Power System. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 631. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37976-6_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37976-6_2

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-37975-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-37976-6

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation