Skip to main content

How to Do It Right: A Framework for Biometrics Supported Border Control

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
E-Democracy – Safeguarding Democracy and Human Rights in the Digital Age (e-Democracy 2019)

Abstract

Complying with the European Union (EU) perspective on human rights goes or should go together with handling ethical, social and legal challenges arising due to the use of biometrics technology as border control technology. While there is no doubt that the biometrics technology at European borders is a valuable element of border control systems, these technologies lead to issues of fundamental rights and personal privacy, among others. This paper discusses various ethical, social and legal challenges arising due to the use of biometrics technology in border control. First, a set of specific challenges and values affected were identified and then, generic considerations related to mitigation of these issues within a framework is provided. The framework is expected to meet the emergent need for supplying interoperability among multiple information systems used for border control.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Directive (EU) 2016/680 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data by competent authorities for the purposes of the prevention, investigation, detection or prosecution of criminal offences or the execution of criminal penalties, and on the free movement of such data, and repealing council framework decision 2008/977/jh. Official Journal of the European Union (2016). https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:32016L0680&from=EN

  2. Anand, A., et al.: Enhancing the performance of multimodal automated border control systems. In: 2016 International Conference of the Biometrics Special Interest Group (BIOSIG), pp. 1–5. IEEE (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Banks, C.: Criminal Justice Ethics: Theory and Practice. Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Basak, P., De, S., Agarwal, M., Malhotra, A., Vatsa, M., Singh, R.: Multimodal biometric recognition for toddlers and pre-school children. In: 2017 IEEE International Joint Conference on Biometrics (IJCB), pp. 627–633. IEEE (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Bhatia, R.: Biometrics and face recognition techniques. Int. J. Adv. Res. Comput. Sci. Softw. Eng. 3(5) (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Boddington, P.: Towards a Code of Ethics for Artificial Intelligence. Springer, Cham (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60648-4

    Book  Google Scholar 

  7. Buitelaar, P., Cimiano, P., Magnini, B.: Ontology Learning from Text: Methods, Evaluation and Applications, vol. 123. IOS Press, Amsterdam (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Campisi, P.: Security and Privacy in Biometrics, vol. 24. Springer, London (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5230-9

    Book  Google Scholar 

  9. National Research Council, Whither Biometrics Committee, et al.: Biometric Recognition: Challenges and Opportunities. National Academies Press, Washington, DC (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Dantcheva, A., Elia, P., Ross, A.: What else does your biometric data reveal? A survey on soft biometrics. IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensics Secur. 11(3), 441–467 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. De Hert, P.: Biometrics and the challenge to human rights in Europe. Need for regulation and regulatory distinctions. In: Campisi, P. (ed.) Security and Privacy in Biometrics, pp. 369–413. Springer, London (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5230-9_15

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  12. Díaz, V.: Legal challenges of biometric immigration control systems. Mex. Law Rev. 7(1), 3–30 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Drahansky, M., Dolezel, M., Urbanek, J., Brezinova, E., Kim, T.H.: Influence of skin diseases on fingerprint recognition. J. Biomed. Biotechnol. 2012, 62614 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights: Under watchful eyes - biometrics, EU IT-systems and fundamental rights (2018). https://fra.europa.eu/en/publication/2018/biometrics-rights-protection

  15. Eurostat: Disability statistics - need for assistance (2017). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/pdfscache/34419.pdf

  16. Floridi, L.: On human dignity as a foundation for the right to privacy. Philos. Technol. 29(4), 307–312 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO): ICAO TRIP guide on border control management (2017). https://www.icao.int/Meetings/TRIP-Jamaica-2017/Documents/ICAO%20TRIP%20Guide%20on%20BCM-For%20validation-16-11-2017.pdf

  18. Jain, A., Hong, L., Pankanti, S.: Biometric identification. Commun. ACM 43(2), 90–98 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Jain, A.K., Arora, S.S., Cao, K., Best-Rowden, L., Bhatnagar, A.: Fingerprint recognition of young children. IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensics Secur. 12(7), 1501–1514 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Jain, A.K., Ross, A., Prabhakar, S., et al.: An introduction to biometric recognition. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol. 14(1), 4–20 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Kagan, S.: Normative Ethics. Routledge, Abingdon (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Kenk, V.S., Križaj, J., Štruc, V., Dobrišek, S.: Smart surveillance technologies in border control. Eur. J. Law Technol. 4(2) (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Kizza, J.M., et al.: Ethical and Social Issues in the Information Age, vol. 999. Springer, London (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4990-3

    Book  Google Scholar 

  24. Labati, R.D., Genovese, A., Muñoz, E., Piuri, V., Scotti, F., Sforza, G.: Biometric recognition in automated border control: a survey. ACM Comput. Surv. (CSUR) 49(2), 24 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Lee, T.: Biometrics and disability rights: legal compliance in biometric identification programs. J. Technol. Law Policy 209 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Van der Ploeg, I.: Genetics, biometrics and the informatization of the body. Annali-Istituto Superiore di Sanita 43(1), 44 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Rahman, Z., Verhaert, P., Nyst, C.: Biometrics in the humanitarian sector (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Ronzoni, M.: Teleology, deontology, and the priority of the right: on some unappreciated distinctions. Ethical Theory Moral Pract. 13(4), 453–472 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Sprokkereef, A.: Data protection and the use of biometric data in the EU. In: Fischer-Hübner, S., Duquenoy, P., Zuccato, A., Martucci, L. (eds.) Privacy and Identity 2007. ITIFIP, vol. 262, pp. 277–284. Springer, Boston (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79026-8_19

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  30. Sprokkereef, A., De Hert, P.: Ethical practice in the use of biometric identifiers within the EU. Law Sci. Policy 3(2), 177 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Sutrop, M.: Ethical issues in governing biometric technologies. In: Kumar, A., Zhang, D. (eds.) ICEB 2010. LNCS, vol. 6005, pp. 102–114. Springer, Heidelberg (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12595-9_14

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  32. Tanwar, S., Tyagi, S., Kumar, N., Obaidat, M.S.: Ethical, legal, and social implications of biometric technologies. In: Obaidat, M.S., Traore, I., Woungang, I. (eds.) Biometric-Based Physical and Cybersecurity Systems, pp. 535–569. Springer, Cham (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98734-7_21

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  33. Taye, M.M.: Understanding semantic web and ontologies: theory and applications. J. Comput. 2(6) (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Townend, D.: Overriding data subjects’ rights in the public interest. In: The Data Protection Directive and Medical Research Across Europe, pp. 89–102. Routledge (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Voigt, P., Von dem Bussche, A.: The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). A Practical Guide, 1st edn. Springer, Cham (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57959-7

    Book  Google Scholar 

  36. Wickins, J.: The ethics of biometrics: the risk of social exclusion from the widespread use of electronic identification. Sci. Eng. Ethics 13(1), 45–54 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Yu, S.: Big privacy: challenges and opportunities of privacy study in the age of big data. IEEE Access 4, 2751–2763 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Zeadally, S., Badra, M.: Privacy in a Digital, Networked World: Technologies, Implications and Solutions. Springer, Cham (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08470-1

    Book  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work is carried out in the EU-funded project SMILE (Project ID: 740931), [H2020-DS-2016-2017] SEC-14-BES-2016 towards reducing the cost of technologies in land border security applications.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Mohamed Abomhara , Sule Yildirim Yayilgan , Anne Hilde Nymoen , Marina Shalaginova , Zoltán Székely or Ogerta Elezaj .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Abomhara, M., Yayilgan, S.Y., Nymoen, A.H., Shalaginova, M., Székely, Z., Elezaj, O. (2020). How to Do It Right: A Framework for Biometrics Supported Border Control. In: Katsikas, S., Zorkadis, V. (eds) E-Democracy – Safeguarding Democracy and Human Rights in the Digital Age. e-Democracy 2019. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 1111. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37545-4_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37545-4_7

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-37544-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-37545-4

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics