Skip to main content

School-Wide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Abstract

School-Wide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (SWPBIS) is being implemented in over 23,000 (>20%) schools across the United States, and this number continues to grow. In a time where many educational initiatives are abandoned, the implementation of SWPBIS has sustained. This is due in large part to the fact that SWPBIS is not a packaged intervention or curriculum; rather, it is a framework for selecting and implementing evidence-based interventions (e.g., Check & Connect). Interventions within SWPBIS are matched to the intensity of student support needs across multiple tiers, often referred to as the continuum of supports.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   139.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

References

  • Akin-Little, K. A., Eckert, T. L., Lovett, B. J., & Little, S. G. (2004). Extrinsic reinforcement in the classroom: Bribery or best practice. School Psychology Review, 33, 344–362.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Alexander, K. L., Entwisle, D. R., & Horsey, C. S. (1997). From first grade forward: Early foundations of high school dropouts. Sociology of Education, 70, 87–107.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Algozzine, K., & Algozzine, B. (2007). Classroom instructional ecology and School-Wide Positive Behavior Support. Journal of Applied School Psychology, 24, 29–47.

    Google Scholar 

  • Algozzine, R. F., Barrett, S., Eber, L., George, H., Horner, R. H., Lewis, T. J., … Sugai, G. (2014). PBIS Tiered Fidelity Inventory. Eugene, OR: OSEP Technical Assistance Center on Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports. Available at http://www.pbis.org

  • Algozzine, R. F., Horner, R. H., Sugai, G., Barrett, S., Dickey, C. R., Eber, L., … Tobin, T. (2010). Evaluation blueprint for School-Wide Positive Behavior Support (2nd ed.). Eugene, OR: National Technical Assistance Center on Positive Behavior Interventions and Support. Retrieved from www.pbis.org

    Google Scholar 

  • Benner, G. J., Nelson, J. R., Sanders, E. A., & Ralston, N. C. (2012). Behavior intervention for students with externalizing behavior problems: Primary-level standard protocol. Exceptional Children, 78, 181–198.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bohanon, H., Fenning, P., Carney, K., Minnis, M., Anderson-Harriss, S., Moroz, K., … Piggott, T. (2006). School-wide application of Positive Behavior Support in an urban high school: A case study. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 8, 131–145.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bradshaw, C. P., Koth, C. W., Thornton, L. A., & Leaf, P. J. (2009). Altering school climate through School-Wide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports: Findings from a group-randomized effectiveness trial. Prevention Science, 10, 100–115.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bradshaw, C. P., Koth, K., Bevans, K. B., Ialongo, N., & Leaf, P. J. (2008). The impact of School-Wide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports on the organizational health of elementary schools. School Psychology Quarterly, 23, 462–473.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bradshaw, C. P., Mitchell, M. M., & Leaf, P. J. (2010). Examining the effects of Schoolwide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports on student outcomes: Results from a randomized controlled effectiveness trial in elementary schools. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 12, 133–148. https://doi.org/10.1177/1098300709334798

  • Bradshaw, C. P., Waasdorp, T. E., & Leaf, P. J. (2015). Examining variation in the impact of School-Wide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports: Findings from a randomized controlled effectiveness trial. Journal of Educational Psychology, 107, 546–557.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carr, E. G., Dunlap, G., Horner, R. H., Koegel, R. L., Turnbull, A. P., Sailor, W., … Fox, L. (2002). Positive Behavior Support: Evolution of an applied science. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 4, 4–16.

    Google Scholar 

  • Center on Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports. (2017). Schools that are implementing SWPBIS. Eugene, OR: National Technical Assistance Center on Positive Behavior Interventions and Support. Retrieved from http://www.pbis.org

    Google Scholar 

  • Colvin, G., Kame’enui, E. J., & Sugai, G. (1993). Reconceptualizing behavior management and school-wide discipline in general education. Education and Treatment of Children, 16, 361–381.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dunlap, G. (2006). The applied behavior analytic heritage of PBS: A dynamic model of action-oriented research. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 8, 58–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fixsen, D. L., Naoom, S. F., Blase, K. A., Friedman, R. M., & Wallace, F. (2005). Implementation research: Synthesis of the literature (FMHI Publication No. 231). Tampa, FL: University of South Florida, Louis de la Parte Florida Mental Health Institute, The National Implementation Research Network.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flannery, K. B., Fenning, P., McGrath Kato, M. M., & McIntosh, K. (2014). Effects of School-Wide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports and fidelity of implementation on problem behavior in high schools. School Psychology Quarterly, 29, 111–124. https://doi.org/10.1037/spq0000039

  • Freeman, J., Simonsen, B., McCoach, D. B., Sugai, G., Lombardi, A., & Horner, R. H. (2016). Relationship between School-Wide Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports and academic, attendance, and behavior outcomes in high schools. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 18, 41–51.

    Google Scholar 

  • George, H. P., & Childs, K. E. (2012). Evaluating implementation of schoolwide behavior support. Preventing School Failure, 56, 197–206.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • George, H. P., Kincaid, D., & Pollard-Sage, J. (2010). Primary tier interventions and supports. In W. Sailor, G. Dunlap, G. Sugai, & R. Horner (Eds.), Handbook of positive behavior support (pp. 375–394). Lawrence, KS: Issues in Clinical Child Psychology.

    Google Scholar 

  • Horner, R., Sugai, G., & Fixsen, D. (2017). Implementing effective educational practices at scales of social importance. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 20, 25–35.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Horner, R. H., & McIntosh, K. (2015). Reducing coercion in schools: The impact of School-Wide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports. In T. J. Dishion & J. Snyder (Eds.), The oxford handbook of coercive relationship dynamics. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Horner, R. H., Sugai, G., & Anderson, C. M. (2010). Examining the evidence base for School-Wide Positive Behavior Support. Focus on Exceptional Children, 42, 1–14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Horner, R. H., Sugai, G., Smolkowski, K., Eber, L., Nakasato, J., Todd, A. W., & Esparanza, J. (2009). A randomized, wait-list controlled effectiveness trial assessing School-Wide Positive Behavior Support in elementary schools. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 11, 133–144.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kincaid, D., Childs, K., & George, H. (2005). School-wide benchmarks of quality. Eugene, OR: OSEP Technical Assistance Center on Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports. Available at http://www.pbis.org

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewis, T. J. (2009). Connecting School-Wide Positive Behavior Supports to the academic curriculum in PBIS high schools. In B. Flannery & G. Sugai (Eds.), SWPBS implementation in high schools: Current practice and future directions (pp. 57–80). Eugene, OR: University of Oregon.

    Google Scholar 

  • May, S. L., Ard, W. I., Todd, A. W., Horner, R. H., Glasgow, A., Sugai, G., & Sprague, J. R. (2013). School-wide information system: Educational and community supports. Eugene, OR: University of Oregon. Retrieved from http://www.pbisapps.org

    Google Scholar 

  • Mayer, G. R. (1995). Preventing antisocial behavior in schools. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 28, 467–478.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McIntosh, K., Filter, K. J., Bennett, J. L., Ryan, C., & Sugai, G. (2010). Principles of sustainable prevention: Designing scale-up of School-Wide Positive Behavior Support to promote durable systems. Psychology in the Schools, 47, 5–21. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.20448

  • McIntosh, K., Mercer, S. H., Hume, A. E., Frank, J. L., Turri, M. G., & Mathews, S. (2013). Factors related to sustained implementation of School-Wide Positive Behavior Support. Exceptional Children, 79, 293–311.

    Google Scholar 

  • McIntosh, K., Predy, L. K., Upreti, G., Hume, A. E., Turri, M. G., & Mathews, S. (2014). Perceptions of contextual features related to implementation and sustainability of School-Wide Positive Behavior Support. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 16, 31–43.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nese, R., Massar, M., & McIntosh, K. (2015). Alternatives to suspension: Strategies for school principals. Principal Leadership, 16, 52–56.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nese, R. N. T., & McIntosh, K. (2016). Do School-Wide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports, not exclusionary discipline practices. In B. G. Cook, M. Tankersley, & T. J. Landrum (Eds.), Instructional practices with and without empirical validity (pp. 175–196). Bingley, UK: Emerald Group Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Newton, J. S., Horner, R. H., Algozzine, B., Todd, A. W., & Algozzine, K. (2012). A randomized wait-list controlled analysis of the implementation integrity of team-initiated problem solving processes. Journal of School Psychology, 50(4), 421–441.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ross, S. W., & Horner, R. H. (2009). Bully prevention in Positive Behavior Support. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 42, 747–759.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ross, S. W., Romer, N., & Horner, R. H. (2012). Teacher well-being and the implementation of School-Wide Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 14, 118–128.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scott, T. M., & Barrett, S. B. (2004). Using staff and student time engaged in disciplinary procedures to evaluate the impact of school-wide PBS. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 6, 21–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sprague, J. R., Walker, H., Golly, A., White, K., Myers, D. R., & Shannon, T. (2002). Translating research into effective practice: The effects of a universal staff and student intervention on key indicators of school safety and discipline. Education and Treatment of Children, 24, 495–511.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sugai, G., & Horner, R. H. (2002). The evolution of discipline practices: School-Wide Positive Behavior Supports. Child and Family Behavior Therapy, 24, 23–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sugai, G., & Horner, R. H. (2006). A promising approach for expanding and sustaining the implementation of School-Wide Positive Behavior Support. School Psychology Review, 35, 245–259.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sugai, G., & Horner, R. H. (2009). Defining and describing Schoolwide Positive Behavior Support. In W. Sailor, G. Dunlap, G. Sugai, & R. H. Horner (Eds.), Handbook of positive behavior support (pp. 307–326). New York, NY: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sugai, G., Horner, R. H., Algozzine, R., Barrett, S., Lewis, T., Anderson, C., … Simonsen, B. (2010). School-Wide Positive Behavior Support: Implementation blueprint and self-assessment (2nd ed.). Eugene, OR: University of Oregon. Available at http://pbis.org/pbis_resource_detail_page.aspx?Type=3&PBIS_ResourceID=216

  • Sugai, G., Horner, R. H., & McIntosh, K. (2008). Best practices in developing a broad-scale system of support for School-Wide Positive Behavior Support. In A. Thomas & J. P. Grimes (Eds.), Best practices in school psychology V (pp. 765–780). Bethesda, MD: National Association of School Psychologists.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sugai, G., Lewis-Palmer, T. L., Todd, A. W., & Horner, R. H. (2001). School-wide evaluation tool. Eugene, OR: OSEP Technical Assistance Center on Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports. Available at http://www.pbis.org

    Google Scholar 

  • Waasdorp, T. E., Bradshaw, C. P., & Leaf, P. J. (2012). The impact of Schoolwide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports on bullying and peer rejection. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 166, 149–156.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walker, H. M., Horner, R. H., Sugai, G., Bullis, M., Sprague, J. R., Bricker, D., & Kaufman, M. J. (1996). Integrated approaches to preventing antisocial behavior patterns among school-age children and youth. Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, 4, 194–209.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kent McIntosh .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Gion, C., George, H.P., Nese, R., McGrath Kato, M., Massar, M., McIntosh, K. (2020). School-Wide Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports. In: Reschly, A.L., Pohl, A.J., Christenson, S.L. (eds) Student Engagement. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37285-9_10

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics