Conclusion

Abstract

Primitive people bequeathed the beginnings of peaceful, voluntary trade. Societies and individuals struggled with temptations to lie, cheat, or steal. Ancient governments, theologians, and religious leaders strove to raise the level of ethical behavior, often through fear of punishment or hope of eternal reward. Given the relative scarcity of food, people were keenly aware of the price of basic foodstuffs, and much discussion revolved around the ethics of market practices, especially perceived monopoly power and lending at interest. Labor relationships were frequently sources of conflicts regarding ethical behavior.