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Thyroid and Heart pp 327–338Cite as

Thyroid Dysfunction and Cardiovascular Disease in Chronic Kidney Disease

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Abstract

Chronic renal insufficiency alters thyroid hormone synthesis, distribution, and elimination and disturbs central (hypothalamo-pituitary) control of thyroid function. About one out five patients with a GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 shows subclinical or clinical hypothyroidism. Inflammation is a relevant player in the low T3 levels, which is the most frequent alteration in thyroid function in chronic kidney disease (CKD). There is still no definitive experimental proof that thyroid dysfunction is causally implicated in the high risk for death and cardiovascular events in this condition. Observational studies point to thyroid dysfunction as a relevant player in cardiomyopathy and the high risk of death and cardiovascular events of CKD patients. Mechanistic studies and exploratory intervention trials testing upstream pathways regulating thyroid hormone in CKD patients are needed to assess the nature of the association between thyroid dysfunction and clinical outcomes unraveled by observational studies in this very high risk population.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. IFC-CNR, Epidemiologia Clinica e Fisiopatologia delle Malattie Renali e dell’Ipertensione Arteriosa, Reggio Calabria, Italy

    Carmine Zoccali & Francesca Mallamaci

  2. Unità Operativa di Nefrologia, Dialisi e Trapianto Renale Ospedali Riuniti and IBIM-CNR, Reggio Calabria, Italy

    Francesca Mallamaci

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  1. Carmine Zoccali
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  2. Francesca Mallamaci
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC) National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy

    Giorgio Iervasi

  2. Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC) National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy

    Alessandro Pingitore

  3. NYITCOM College of Osteopathic Medicine Biomedical Sciences Department, Old Westbury, NY, USA

    A.Martin Gerdes

  4. Institute of Clinical and Translational Medicine, Newcastle University/Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

    Salman Razvi

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Zoccali, C., Mallamaci, F. (2020). Thyroid Dysfunction and Cardiovascular Disease in Chronic Kidney Disease. In: Iervasi, G., Pingitore, A., Gerdes, A., Razvi, S. (eds) Thyroid and Heart . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36871-5_24

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