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Physiological Role of Thyroid Hormone in the Developing and Mature Heart

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Thyroid and Heart

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Abstract

The first notion of a connection between the thyroid and the heart dates back to 1786, when Caleb Hillier Parry, an English physician, described a woman with goitre and palpitations whose “each systole shook the whole thorax” [1]. At the other end of the thyroid function spectrum, a century later, William Greenfield reported about obvious autoptic cardiovascular alterations—“much serous effusion in the pericardium (…) the heart was large (…) the arteries were everywhere thickened, the larger ones atheromatous”—in a middle-aged woman with myxoedema [2]. It took until 1949 to eventually identify and synthesize the specific hormones produced by the thyroid gland, levothyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) [3]. Nowadays, the role of the thyroid hormone (TH) in the cardiovascular system is broadly recognized. For TH, receptors have been detected in the myocardium and peripheral vessels, and a broad range of effects have been described in the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis in adult life [4]. Furthermore, TH is the first morphogen ever described and critically drives the transition from a foetal to a mature gene expression profile in the postnatal heart. This chapter will present the current knowledge about the physiological effects of TH in the developing and mature heart.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna, Pisa, Italy

    Grazia Rutigliano

  2. Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy

    Grazia Rutigliano & Giorgio Iervasi

  3. Department of Pathology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

    Grazia Rutigliano

Authors
  1. Grazia Rutigliano
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  2. Giorgio Iervasi
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Correspondence to Grazia Rutigliano .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC) National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy

    Giorgio Iervasi

  2. Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC) National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy

    Alessandro Pingitore

  3. NYITCOM College of Osteopathic Medicine Biomedical Sciences Department, Old Westbury, NY, USA

    A.Martin Gerdes

  4. Institute of Clinical and Translational Medicine, Newcastle University/Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

    Salman Razvi

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Rutigliano, G., Iervasi, G. (2020). Physiological Role of Thyroid Hormone in the Developing and Mature Heart. In: Iervasi, G., Pingitore, A., Gerdes, A., Razvi, S. (eds) Thyroid and Heart . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36871-5_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36871-5_2

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