Abstract
This re-reading of Abduh should pave the way for a re-reading of the whole movement called islahi (reformer): it must be distinguished from its rival, the Salafi movement. We would like here to give some milestones for a new critical history of the reformation in Islam. In the same way as Abduh’s’ dominant representation, which we have attempted to deconstruct earlier, the dominant representation of Islamic reform in modern times should also be revisited.
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Notes
- 1.
We proposed a long theoretical development of this definition in a lecture given in Arabic under the title “What is religious reform?” (UNESCO Chairs Conference Cycle, 2001). The slightly revised exposition has been published in our book The Religion of the Individual Consciousness, op. cit. to note 1.
- 2.
Ahmad ibn Hanbal (855) is the founder of the rigid line of Sunni Islam. He inspired the so-called Salafi current in the fourteenth century (see note 6 of Chap. 1).
- 3.
Embassy relations, translated by Stéphane Yerasimos, Actes sud, 1998.
- 4.
See Lewis Bernard, The Political Language of Islam, translated from English by Odette Guitard, Gallimard, 1988, pp. 173–174.
- 5.
See Merad Ali, Contemporary Islam, P.U.F., 4th ed. corrected, 1992, p. 26.
- 6.
The chronicle was written in Arabic between 1862 and 1872 and was first printed in 1963–1966. A recent edition is available in Tunis, Ministry of Culture and Arab House of the Book, 2001. A partial translation was given by André Raymond, Tunis, Alif edition, 1994.
- 7.
Note from Colonel Campenon, published by Ali Chenoufi in Minister Khéreddine and his contemporaries, Tunis, 1990. p. 54.
- 8.
Austin J.L., How to do Things with Words?, 1962., Seuil, 1970.
- 9.
Hugo Victor, Notre-Dame of Paris, book V, act II.
- 10.
This treatise is included in the complete works of al-Tahtawi, al-Amal al-kamila, ed. Mr. Umara. Beirut, 1973–1981, t. 5, pp. 9–35.
- 11.
The classic work on this period is that of Albert Hourani, Arabic Thought in the Liberal Age: 1798–1939, op. cit. to note 3.
- 12.
On the introduction of printing in the Muslim world, see: Gdoura Wahid, The Beginning of the Arab Printing in Istanbul and Syria (1706–1787), Tunis, 1985; Sabat Khalil, Tarikh al-tiba’a fi al-Sharq al-Arabi, Cairo, 1958; Abduh Ibrahim, Tarikh al-tiba’a wa-l-sahafa fi Misr, Cairo, 1949; Shayal Jamal al-Din, Tarikh al-tarjama wa-l-haraka al-thaqafiyya fi asr Muhammad Ali, Cairo, 1951.
- 13.
Translated by the late Anouar Louca, Sindbabd, 1988.
- 14.
Cheiko Louis, Tarikh al-tiba’a fi l-Mashriq, Beirut, 1986 (collection of articles published in 1900).
References
Ali, Merad. 1992. Contemporary Islam, 4th ed., corrected, 26. P.U.F.
Austin, J.L. 1970. How to Do Things with Words?, 1962. Seuil.
Bernard, Lewis. 1988. The Political Language of Islam, translated from English by Odette Guitard, Gallimard, 173–174.
Louis, Cheiko. 1986. Tarikh al-tiba’a fi l-Mashriq. Beirut.
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Haddad, M. (2020). The Paradigm of Reform. In: Muslim Reformism - A Critical History. Philosophy and Politics - Critical Explorations, vol 11. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36774-9_3
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