Abstract
Brazil has an area of 851.6 million ha, of which over 477 million ha is covered with natural forest and other 7.84 million ha has commercial forest plantations. The latter are dominated by non-native species: eucalypts, pines, teaks, acacia, poplars, gmelina, and African mahogany, which occupy 96% of forestry areas, while native species like rubber tree (Hevea spp.), “cuiabano” pine (Schizolobium amazonicum), and swamp cedar (Calophyllum brasiliense) occupy 4%. Surveys conducted over the last two decades have shown important diseases and damage for cultivated species: Eucalyptus, Austropuccinia psidii (myrtaceous rust); Hevea, Microcyclus ulei (South American leaf blight). In this chapter you can obtain more details about the management of these diseases so dangerous to the world.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Agosta SJ, Janz N, Brooks DR (2010) How specialists can be generalists: resolving the “parasite paradox” and implications for emerging infectious disease. Zoologia 27: 151–162.
AGROFIT (2019) Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento. Brasília, DF
Alvares CA, Stape JL, Sentelhas PC et al (2013) Modeling monthly mean air temperature for Brazil. Theor Appl Climatol 113:407–427
Alvares CA, Sentelhas PC, Mattos EM et al (2016) Climatic favourability zones for eucalyptus rust in Brazil. For Pathol 47:1–17
Alves AA, Guimarães LMS, Chaves ARM (2011) Leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence of Eucalyptus urophylla in response to Puccinia psidii infection. Acta Physiol Plant 33(5):1831–1839
Blossey B, Nötzold R (1995) Evolution of increased competitive ability in invasive non-indigenous plants: a hypothesis. J Ecol 83:887–889
Booth TH, Jovanovic T (2012) Assessing vulnerable areas for Puccinia psidii Eucalyptus rust in Australia. Aust Plant Pathol 41:425–429
Booth TH, Old KM, Jovanovic TA (2000) Preliminary assessment of high risk areas for Puccinia psidii Eucalyptus rust in the Neotropics and Australia. Agric Ecosyst Environ 82:295–301
Bora KC (2013) Favorabilidade climática da ferrugem do eucalipto no estado do Paraná, 2013. Dissertação, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba
BRACELPA (2012) Florest plantations: opportunities and challenges for the Brazilian pulp and paper industry on the path of sustainability. Brazilian Pulp and Paper Association, Brasília
Brignani Neto F, Furtado EL, Cardoso RMG et al (1991) Efeito de fungicidas sistêmicos no ciclo biológico de Microcyclus ulei, agente da queima da folha da seringueira (Hevea spp). Summa Phytopathol 17:238–246
De Vienne DM, Hood ME, Giraud T (2009) Phylogenetic determinants of potential host shifts in fungal pathogens. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22: 2532– 2541.
Diegisser T, Tritsch C, Seitz A, Johannesen J (2009) Infestation of a novel host plant by Tephritis conura (Diptera: Tephritidae) in northern Britain: host-range expansion or host shift? Genetica 137: 87–97.
Ferreira FA (1989) Patologia florestal: Principais doenças florestais no Brasil. SIF, Viçosa-MG
Futuyma DJ, Keese ME, Funk DJ (1995) Genetic constraints on macroevolution: the evolution of host affiliation in the leaf beetle genus Ophraella. Evolution 49:797–809.
Futuyma DJ, Mitter C (1996) Insect-plant interactions: the evolution of component communities. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B 351: 1361–1366.
Furtado EL (1996) Comportamento de Cultivares de Seringueira (Hevea spp.) frente ao Mal-das-Folhas na Região do Vale do Ribeira–SP Piracicaba. Escola Superior Agronomia Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo
Furtado, EL (2014) Doenças das folhas e do caule da seringueira. In: Antonio de Padua Alvarenga, Ciriaca A.F.S. do Carmo. (Org.). Seringueira - Segunda Edição. 2ed.Viçosa: EPAMIG Zona da Mata, v. 1, p. 595-632.
Furtado EL, Marino CL (2003) Eucalyptus rust management in Brazil. Proceedings of Second IUFRO Rusts Forest trees W.P. Conference, Yangling, China-2002, pp. 118–124
Furtado EL, Menten JOM, Carvalho JC et al (1985) Ação de fungicidas inibidores de demetilação, na síntese de ergosterol, no controle do mal das folhas da seringueira. Fitol Bras 20:203–208
Gasparotto L, Trindade DR, Silva HM (1984) Doenças da seringueira. Embrapa-CNPSD, Manaus
Giraud T, Gladieux P, Gavrilets S (2010) Linking emergence of fungal plant diseases and ecological speciation. Trends Ecol Evol 25:387–395
Gladieux P, Zhang XG, Roldan-Ruiz I, Caffier V, Leroy T, Devaux M, Van Glabeke S, Coart E, Le Cam B (2010) Evolution of the population structure of Venturia inaequalis, the apple scab fungus, associated with the domestication of its host. Molecular Ecology 19: 658–74.
Gonçalves, PS; Cardoso, M; Ortolani, AA (1990) Origem, variabilidade e domesticação da Hevea: uma revisão. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 25(2): 135–156
Handley RJ, Treier TSUA, Müller-Schärer H (2008) Testing the evolution of increased competitive ability (EICA) hypothesis in a novel framework. Ecology 89:407–417
Hora Júnior BT, Macedo DM, Barreto RW, Evans HC, Mattos CRR, Maffia LA, et al (2014) Erasing the past: A new identity for the Damoclean pathogen causing South American leaf blight of rubber. PLoS ONE 9(8):e104750.
Hull-Sanders HM, Clare R, Johnson RH et al (2007) Evaluation of the evolution of increased competitive ability (EICA) hypothesis: loss of defence against generalist but not specialist herbivores. J Chem Ecol 33:781–799
IBÁ (2017) Relatório Anual 2017. Indústria Brasileira de Árvores
Janz N, Nylin S, Nyblom K (2001) Evolutionary dynamics of host plant specialization: a case study of the tribe Nymphalini. Evolution 55: 783–796.
Joshi J, Vrieling K (2005) The enemy release and EICA hypothesis revisited: incorporating the fundamental difference between specialist and generalist herbivores. Ecol Lett 8:704–714
Kageyama PY (1991) Extractive reserves in Brazilian Amazônia and genetic resources conservation. Tenth world Forestry Congress in Paris, September 1991
Keane RM, Crawley MJ (2002) Exotic plant invasions and the enemy-release hypothesis. Trends Ecol Evol 17:64–170
Kriticos DJ, Morin L, Leriche A et al (2013) Combining a climatic niche model of an invasive fungus with its host species distributions to identify risks to natural assets: Puccinia psidii Sensu Lato in Australia. PLoS One 8(5):e64479
Lefort MC, Boyer S, De Romans S, Glare T, Armstrong K, Worner S (2014). Invasion success of a scarab beetle within its native range: host range expansion versus host-shift. PeerJ 2:e262; DOI 10.7717/peerj.262.
Lorenzo P, Gonzalez L, Reigosa MJ (2010) The genus Acacia as invader: the characteristic case of Acacia dealbata link in Europe. Ann Forest Sci 67:1–11
Masson, MV, Moraes, WB, Furtado, EL (2013) Chemical Control of Eucalyptus Rust: Brazilian Experiences. In: Mizuho Nita. (Org.). Fungicides - Showcases of Integrated Plant Disease Management from Around the World. 1ed.: , p. 1-328.
Masson MV (2009) Ferrugem do eucalipto: planejamento evasivo, estimativa de dano e análise da viabilidade do controle químico. Thesis, São Paulo State University, São Paulo
Masson V et al (2007) Zoneamento climático do eucalipto no estado de São Paulo visando o controle da ferrugem. In: Congresso Paulista de Fitopatologia, vol. 30, 2007. Anais, Jaguariuna
Menten JOM (1990) Evitação: Forma de defesa das plantas contra patógenos que deve ser melhor compreendida e explorada. Summa Phytopathol 16:77–83
Mitchell CE, Power AG (2003) Release of invasive plants from fungal and viral pathogens. Nature 421:625–627
Moraes VHF (1985) Fisiologia da seringueira. In: Curso de especialização em heveicultura, SUDHEVEA/FCAP, Belém
Moraes WB (2013) Ferrugem do Eucalipto: favorabilidade climática e métodos de aplicação de fungicida para controle, 2013. Dissertation, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu
Moraes WB, de Jesus Junior WC, Cecílio RA et al (2014a) Potential impact of the global climate changes on the spatial distribution of areas of risk for the occurrence of eucalyptus rust in Brazil. Summa Phytopathol 40(2):114–122
Moraes WB, Jesus Júnior WC de, Mafia RG, (2014b) Mapeamento de áreas de risco para ocorrência da ferrugem do eucalipto no Espírito Santo e extremo sul da Bahia. Summa Phytopathol 40(2):147–155
Moreira JMMÁP, Simioni FJ, Oliveira EB (2017) Importância e desempenho das florestas plantadas no contexto do agronegócio brasileiro. Floresta 47(1):85–94
Ortolani AA, Pedro Junior MJ, Alfonsii RR et al (1983) Aptidão agroclimática para a regionalização da heveicultura no Brasil. In: Seminário de Recomendação de Clones de Seringueira, Anais. MIC/SUDHEVEA, Brasília, pp 19–28
Pinheiro E, Libonati VF (1971) O emprego da Hevea pauciflora M.A. como fonte genética da resistência ao mal-das-folhas. Polímeros 1(1):31–40
Ruiz RAR, Alfenas AC, Ferreira FA et al (1989) Influência da temperatura, do tempo de molhamento foliar, fotoperíodo e intensidade de luz sobre a infecção de Puccinia psidii em eucalipto. Fitol Bras 14:55–61
Sambugaro R, Furtado EL, Rodella RA et al (2004) Anatomia foliar de seringueira (Hevea spp.) e desenvolvimento da infecção por Microcyclus ulei. Summa Phytopathol 30:44–50
Santos C (2006) Estudos epidemiológicos da ferrugem do eucalipto causado por Puccinia psidii em plantios irrigados. Thesis, São Paulo State University, São Paulo
Schulze-Lefert P, Panstruga R (2011) A molecular evolutionary concept connecting non-host resistance, pathogen host range, and pathogen speciation. Trends in Plant Science 16: 117–125.
Silva LG (2010) Comportamento de clones de seringueira ao mal das folhas e potencial impacto das mudanças climáticas globais na ocorrência da doença. Dissertação. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória
Silva PHM, Miranda AC, Moraes MLT et al (2013) Selecting for rust (Puccinia psidii) resistance in Eucalyptus grandis in São Paulo state, Brazil. Forest Ecol Manag 303:91–97
Silva LG, Junior WCJ, Souza AF et al (2014) Performance of different rubber tree clones against south American leaf blight (Microcyclus ulei). For Pathol 44:211–218
Stukenbrock EH, McDonald BA (2008) The origins of plant pathogens in agro- ecosystems. Annual Review of Phytopathology 46: 75–100.
Takahashi SS (2002) Ferrugem do eucalipto: índice de infecção, análise temporal e estimativas de danos relacionados a intensidade da doença no campo. Thesis, São Paulo State University, São Paulo
Valois ACC (1978) Melhoramento genético da seringueira. In: EMBRAPA/CNPSD/FAP. Curso de especialização em heveicultura. Belém
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Furtado, E.L., de Jesus Junior, W.C., Moraes, W.B. (2020). Forest Diseases in Brazil: Status and Management. In: Estay, S. (eds) Forest Pest and Disease Management in Latin America. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35143-4_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-35143-4_14
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-35142-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-35143-4
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)