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Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering

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Racing for the Surface

Abstract

Biofabrication has been extensively explored in tissue engineering over the past two decades. It uses bioactive materials and live cells as the building blocks to create spatially defined geometries. The goal of biofabrication is to create engineered tissue constructs to replace damaged or diseased human tissues with full functionality. The advantage is that it can rapidly fabricate tissue constructs to meet customized needs. The biomaterials used for biofabrication are called bioinks and usually comprise hydrogel precursor solutions or biocompatible thermal plastics. In this review, we review the commonly used biofabrication methods and critical aspects for creating scaffolds for tissue regeneration. We discuss the criteria for developing and selecting suitable biomaterials as the bioinks. Commonly used biomaterials and their applications are summarized to present the versatility of biofabrication. We also aim to highlight the challenges of this technology and initiate new ideas and opportunities in the future developments in the bioprinting approach and bioinks. The refinement in fabrication techniques, exploration in biology, and development in new bioinks are essential elements toward the advancement of biofabrication.

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Acknowledgements

I would like to thank Dr. Luc Mongeau and Dr. Jianyu Li (Department of Mechanical Engineering, McGill University) for inspiring my research on biofabrication for tissue engineering.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Macdonald Engineering Building Room 270, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

    Guangyu Bao

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  1. Guangyu Bao
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Correspondence to Guangyu Bao .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedics School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA

    Bingyun Li

  2. AO Research Institute Davos, Davos Platz, Graubünden, Switzerland

    Thomas Fintan Moriarty

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA

    Thomas Webster

  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

    Malcolm Xing

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Bao, G. (2020). Biofabrication in Tissue Engineering. In: Li, B., Moriarty, T., Webster, T., Xing, M. (eds) Racing for the Surface. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34471-9_12

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