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Radiographic Diagnosis of Patients with Vertebral Compression Fractures

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Vertebral Compression Fractures in Osteoporotic and Pathologic Bone

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Abstract

This chapter reviews the clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and imaging characterization of vertebral compression fractures (VCF). We review the imaging features that best characterize the age/chronicity of a fracture and how these features correlate with the likelihood of benefit to procedural intervention with vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty. Additionally, we review morphometric and signal intensity patterns on CT and MRI which aid in discrimination between benign osteoporotic fractures and pathologic fractures. Newer techniques for fracture characterization including diffusion-weighted imaging, chemical shift imaging, and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging are discussed. Finally, we review imaging alternatives for patients with contraindication to MRI.

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Abbreviations

18F FDG PET/CT:

18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography

ADC:

Apparent diffusion coefficient

CSI:

Chemical shift imaging

DCI:

Dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging

DWI:

Diffusion-weighted imaging

MDCT:

Multidetector computed tomography

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

SPECT:

Single-photon emission computed tomography

STIR:

Short tau inversion recovery

Tc 99m-MDP:

Technetium 99m-methyl diphosphonate

Tc-99m HMDP:

Technetium 99m hydroxymethylene diphosphonate

VCF:

Vertebral compression fracture

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA

    R. Aaron Marshall & Mohammad Samim

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  1. R. Aaron Marshall
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  2. Mohammad Samim
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Correspondence to Mohammad Samim .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Vice Chair and Residency Program Director, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA

    Afshin E. Razi

  2. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Stuart H. Hershman

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Marshall, R.A., Samim, M. (2020). Radiographic Diagnosis of Patients with Vertebral Compression Fractures. In: Razi, A., Hershman, S. (eds) Vertebral Compression Fractures in Osteoporotic and Pathologic Bone. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33861-9_9

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