Abstract
The knowledge of erosion-prone zones and its severity over a spatial scale is an important input into development sediment management strategies. In this chapter, hydrologic modelling of runoff and sediment load using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) from two selected river basins (e.g., Badanai and Kansari) of western catchment has been used as examples to assess the capability of models for simulating runoff and sediment load into the lagoon and to implement suitable preventative measures. Calibration of SWAT model setup for both the river basins showed that effective hydraulic conductivity of the main channel (CH_K), base flow alpha factor (ALPHA_BF), curve number corresponding to antecedent moisture content II (CN2), and roughness coefficient of the main channel (CH_N) were most sensitive parameters. Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of simulated flow during the calibration period was 0.76 in Badanai River Basin whereas it was 0.67 in Kansari River Basin. Estimation of runoff was even better during the validation period in both river basins (NSC = 0.88 and 0.69, respectively). The model results indicate that at least 50–60% of the total rainfall contributed to runoff, whereas only 10.4% contributes to groundwater. Furthermore, runoff water from these two basins carries a lot of eroded sediments with an average concentration of 0.12 kg m−3. Such models provide vital information for estimation of the total runoff and sediment generation potential from different areas of the lagoon catchments and can provide significant inputs for formulation of soil and water conservation plan.
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Das, B.S., Santra, P., Ranjan, R., Vasava, H.B., Samal, R.N., Pattnaik, A.K. (2020). Assessment of Runoff and Sediment Yield from Selected Watersheds in the Western Catchment of the Chilika Lagoon. In: Finlayson, C., Rastogi, G., Mishra, D., Pattnaik, A. (eds) Ecology, Conservation, and Restoration of Chilika Lagoon, India. Wetlands: Ecology, Conservation and Management, vol 6. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33424-6_7
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