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Cyclic di-AMP in Bacillus subtilis Biofilm Formation

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Microbial Cyclic Di-Nucleotide Signaling

Abstract

Bacillus subtilis is a soil-dwelling bacterium that forms highly structured microbial communities called biofilms. Biofilm formation is important for bacterial survival, as biofilms are highly tolerant to environmental stresses. In B. subtilis, the formation of biofilms facilitates important interactions with plants. While the genetic regulation of biofilm formation is highly studied in B. subtilis, little is known regarding the molecular details of how signaling molecules feed into the biofilm regulatory network of this bacterium. Recent studies found that the second messenger cyclic di-adenylate monophosphate (cyclic di-AMP) plays an important role in B. subtilis biofilm formation and plant attachment. B. subtilis secretes cyclic di-AMP via three putative cyclic di-AMP transporters, suggesting that cyclic di-AMP can act as an extracellular signal for biofilm formation and plant attachment. Here, we discuss how cyclic di-AMP metabolism and secretion impact colony biofilm architecture, biofilm gene expression, and plant attachment in B. subtilis and speculate on future directions for the field.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    Sarah M. Yannarell & Elizabeth A. Shank

  2. Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

    Sarah M. Yannarell, Loni Townsley & Elizabeth A. Shank

Authors
  1. Sarah M. Yannarell
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  2. Loni Townsley
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  3. Elizabeth A. Shank
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Correspondence to Elizabeth A. Shank .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biochemistry and Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan

    Shan-Ho Chou

  2. Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile

    Nicolas Guiliani

  3. Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA

    Vincent T. Lee

  4. Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

    Ute Römling

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Yannarell, S.M., Townsley, L., Shank, E.A. (2020). Cyclic di-AMP in Bacillus subtilis Biofilm Formation. In: Chou, SH., Guiliani, N., Lee, V., Römling, U. (eds) Microbial Cyclic Di-Nucleotide Signaling. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33308-9_17

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